java--反射：使用反射和注解实现属性值注入

反射在java里面是必须学会的知识，特别是在框架里面。之前对反射有些模糊不清，现在通过写博客来记录自己学习反射的知识。下面实现一个demo：通过注解的方式给某个类的属性赋值。

• 定义注解

@Documented
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(value=ElementType.FIELD)
public @interface Value {
	String value();
}

• 定义User类

public class User {
	@Value("1")
	private Integer id;
	@Value("张三")
	private String username;
	@Value("123456")
	private String password;
	public  Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId( Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", password=" + password + "]";
	}
	
}

•  代码实现

public class FanSheApp {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			User user = new User();
			System.out.println(user.getClass() == User.class);
			fgx();
			Class<?> clazz = Class.forName("hhy.javaboy.fanshe.User");
			Method[] methods = clazz.getDeclaredMethods();
			for(Method method : methods) {
				System.out.println(method.getName());
			}
			fgx();
			Method m0 = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("setPassword", String.class);
			m0.invoke(user, "123456");
			System.out.println(user.getPassword());
			fgx();
			//获取类属性字段
			Field[] declaredFields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
			for(Field declaredField : declaredFields) {
				declaredField.setAccessible(true);
				//判断类型是否属于String类型
				if(declaredField.getType() == String.class) {
					//给这个属性赋值
					declaredField.set(user, declaredField.getAnnotation(Value.class).value());
				}else{
					//获取这个字段的类型，Integer，Long，Double....
					String typeSImpleName = declaredField.getType().getSimpleName();
					//获取这个类型中的类型转换方法，例如：parseInteger()、parseLong().....
					Method method = declaredField.getType().getMethod("parse"+fixparse(typeSImpleName), String.class);
					if(method != null) {
						//反射调用方法
						Object ret = method.invoke(null, declaredField.getAnnotation(Value.class).value().toString());
						//当前字段赋值
						declaredField.set(user, ret);
					}
				}
			}
			System.out.println(user.toString());
			fgx();
		} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (SecurityException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	static String fixparse(String type) {
		System.out.println(type);
		switch(type) {
			case "Integer": 
				return "Int";
			case "Double":
				return "Double";
			default : 
				return type;
		}
	}
	static void fgx() {
		System.out.println("------------");
	}
}