epoll学习

目录

一、函数原语... 1

二、结构体... 1

三、二种模式... 1

四、简单例子... 1

 

一、函数原语

int epoll_create(int size)；

int epoll_ctl(int epfd, int op, int fd, struct epoll_event *event)；

int epoll_wait(int epfd, struct epoll_event * events, int maxevents, int timeout);

 

二、结构体

typedef union epoll_data {

         void *ptr;

         int fd;

         __uint32_t u32;

         __uint64_t u64;

} epoll_data_t;

 

struct epoll_event {

         __uint32_t events;      /* Epoll events */

         epoll_data_t data;      /* User data variable */

};

三、二种模式

ET：边沿触发，我的理解就是当epoll_wait检测到有数据来时，就会返回，如果用户没有将数据读完，再次循环到epoll_wait函数处将不再返回，这就是边沿的含义

LT：水平触发就是只要可读就会返回，不是根据变化来触发的，所以没有读完但是只要可读epoll_wait都会返回。

根据以上特点所以ET模式时应该将文件描述符设置成非阻塞，当read函数返回EAGAIN的时候就知道彻底读完了，写也是一样的道理。

四、简单例子

/* server.c */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <sys/epoll.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #define MAXLINE 1024 #define MAX_CLIENT 20 /*======================================= setnonblocking ======================================*/ int setnonblocking(int sockfd) { if (fcntl(sockfd, F_SETFL, fcntl(sockfd, F_GETFD, 0)|O_NONBLOCK) == -1) { return -1; } return 0; } /*======================================= handle_message ======================================*/ int handle_message(int new_fd) { char buf[MAXLINE]; int len; bzero(buf, MAXLINE); len = read(new_fd, buf, MAXLINE); write(new_fd, "haha", 5); if (len > 0) { printf("recv = %s, size = %d/n", buf, len); } else { if (len < 0) printf("recv error/n"); close(new_fd); return -1; } printf("sleep.../n"); sleep(5); printf("wake up/n"); return len; } int main(void) { int listenfd, new_fd; int epfd, nfds; struct epoll_event ev, events[20]; struct sockaddr_in servaddr, cliaddr; socklen_t cliaddr_len; listenfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);//create cliaddr_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in); setnonblocking(listenfd);//set noblock bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));//init servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET; servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); servaddr.sin_port = htons(8000); bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));//bind listen(listenfd, 20);//listen epfd = epoll_create(MAX_CLIENT); printf("epfd = %d/n", epfd); ev.events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLET; ev.data.fd = listenfd; epoll_ctl(epfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, listenfd, &ev); while(1){ int i; printf("epoll_waiting.../n"); nfds = epoll_wait(epfd, events, 20, -1); printf("nfds = %d/n", nfds); for(i = 0; i < nfds; i++){ printf("i = %d/n", i); printf("events[i].data.fd = %d, listenfd = %d/n", events[i].data.fd, listenfd); if(events[i].data.fd == listenfd){ printf("waiting connecting.../n"); new_fd = accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&cliaddr, &cliaddr_len); setnonblocking(new_fd); ev.events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLET; ev.data.fd = new_fd; epoll_ctl(epfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, new_fd, &ev); } else{ handle_message(events[i].data.fd); } } } close(listenfd); return 0; } /* client.c */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> int main(void) { int sockfd; struct sockaddr_in servaddr; socklen_t len; char buf[1024]; memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf)); sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)); servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET; inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &servaddr.sin_addr); servaddr.sin_port = htons(8000); if(connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) == -1){ perror("connect"); exit(1); } while(1){ memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf)); gets(buf); write(sockfd, buf, strlen(buf) + 1); read(sockfd, buf, sizeof(buf)); puts(buf); } return 0; }