lamp分离部署

LAMP分离部署

LAMP简介:

LAMP是指一组通常一起使用来运行动态网站或者服务器的开源软件名称首字母缩写：
Linux
Apache
Mariadb或者MySQL
PHP、Python或Perl

安装httpd

//关闭防火墙和SELINUX
 systemctl stop firewalld
 systemctl disable firewalld
 setenforce 0
 setenforce: SELinux is disabled

//安装开发工具包

[root@localhost ~]# yum grouplist Development Tools

//创建apache服务的用户和组

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin apache
[root@localhost ~]# id apache
uid=994(apache) gid=991(apache) groups=991(apache)

//安装依赖包

[root@localhost ~]#   yum -y install openssl-devel pcre-devel expat-devel libtool gcc gcc-c++

[root@localhost ~]# cd apr-1.6.5
[root@localhost apr-1.6.5]# vim configure
  cfgfile="${ofile}T"
    trap "$RM \"$cfgfile\"; exit 1" 1 2 15
    # $RM "$cfgfile"        //将此行加上注释，或者删除此行

[root@localhost apr-1.6.5]# . /configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
[root@localhost apr-1.6.5]# make
[root@localhost apr-1.6.5]# make install

//配置，编译安装
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.34]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \
--sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 \
--enable-so \
--enable-ssl \
--enable-cgi \
--enable-rewrite \
--with-zlib \
--with-pcre \
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr \
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ \
--enable-modules=most \
--enable-mpms-shared=all \
--with-mpm=prefork

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.34]# make && make install

//安装后配置

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.34]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.34]# source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh 
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.34]# cd
[root@localhost ~]# which httpd
/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd
[root@localhost ~]# 

//做一个软连接
[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/apache/include /usr/include/apache

//取消ServerName前面的注释
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf 
ServerName www.example.com:80

安装mysql

//安装依赖包

 yum -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel

//创建用户和组

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@localhost ~]# id mysql
uid=992(mysql) gid=989(mysql) groups=989(mysql)
[root@localhost ~]# 

//下载二进制格式的mysql软件包

[root@localhost ~]# tar xf mysql-5.7.31-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz  -C /usr/local/

//修改目录/usr/local/mysql的属主属组

[root@localhost local]# ln -s mysql-5.7.31-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql*

//添加环境变量

[root@localhost ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh 
[root@localhost ~]# 

//建立数据存放目录

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /opt/data
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data

//初始化数据库

[root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize-insecure  --datadir=/opt/data --user=mysql
2020-10-29T08:03:06.602356Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-10-29T08:03:07.006957Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2020-10-29T08:03:07.161237Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2020-10-29T08:03:07.282358Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 2dcc8417-19bd-11eb-9ce9-000c29c8dc20.
2020-10-29T08:03:07.284341Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2020-10-29T08:03:07.668465Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2020-10-29T08:03:08.026149Z 1 [Warning] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.

//配置mysql

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql/
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
/usr/local/mysql/lib

[root@localhost ~]# ldconfig 

[root@localhost ~]# mv /etc/my.cnf{,-bak}

//生成配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# cat > /etc/my.cnf <<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
EOF

//配置服务启动脚本

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# ls
bin   include  LICENSE  README  support-files
docs  lib      man      share
[root@localhost mysql]# cd support-files/
[root@localhost support-files]# ls
magic                mysql-log-rotate
mysqld_multi.server  mysql.server
[root@localhost support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld


[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld 
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/opt/data

安装php

//安装依赖包

[root@localhost ~]#  yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libicu-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel openldap-devel  pcre-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel

[root@localhost ~]# yum list all |grep php|grep mysql
php-mysqlnd.x86_64                                   7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66             AppStream  


[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install php-mysqlnd 

[root@localhost ~]# tar xf php-7.2.8.tar.xz 

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7  \
--with-config-file-path=/etc \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--disable-debug \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-shared \
--enable-soap \
--with-openssl \
--enable-bcmath \
--with-iconv \
--with-bz2 \
--enable-calendar \
--with-curl \
--enable-exif  \
--enable-ftp \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-zlib-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-gettext \
--enable-json \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-pdo \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-readline \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-simplexml \
--enable-sockets \
--enable-zip \
--enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \
--with-pear \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-posix

//编译过程

[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# make instal

安装后配置

[root@localhost php-7.2.8]#  echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/php7/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/php.sh
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# source /etc/profile.d/php.sh
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# which php
/usr/local/php7/bin/php
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# 

//配置php-fpm

[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini 
cp: overwrite '/etc/php.ini'? y

[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# chmod  +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm 
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# 


[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# cd /usr/local/php7/
[root@localhost php7]# ls
bin  etc  include  lib  php  sbin  var
[root@localhost php7]# cd etc/
[root@localhost etc]# ls
pear.conf  php-fpm.conf.default  php-fpm.d
[root@localhost etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf

[root@localhost etc]# cd php-fpm.d/
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# ls
www.conf.default
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cp www.conf.default www.conf
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# ls

//编辑php-fpm的配置文件（/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf）：
//配置fpm的相关选项为你所需要的值：
[root@localhost etc]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 5
pm.min_spare_servers = 2
pm.max_spare_servers = 8

//启动php-fpm

[root@localhost etc]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm  done
[root@localhost etc]# ss -antl
State  Recv-Q Send-Q  Local Address:Port   Peer Address:Port                                                    
LISTEN 0      128           0.0.0.0:22          0.0.0.0:*                                                       
LISTEN 0      128         127.0.0.1:9000        0.0.0.0:*                                                       
LISTEN 0      128                 *:80                *:*                                                       
LISTEN 0      128              [::]:22             [::]:*                                                       
LISTEN 0      80                  *:3306              *:*                                                       
[root@localhost etc]# 

更改监听端口，让httpd服务器能找到
[root@localhost]#  vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
listen = 0.0.0.0:9000    #改为全0.0.0.0，使所有的ip都可以访问

再次重启
[root@localhost]# service  php-fpm restart
Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done
Starting php-fpm  done
[root@localhost]# ss -antl
State             Recv-Q            Send-Q                       Local Address:Port                       Peer Address:Port           
LISTEN            0                 128                                0.0.0.0:9000                            0.0.0.0:*              
LISTEN            0                 128                                0.0.0.0:22                              0.0.0.0:*              
LISTEN            0                 128                                   [::]:22    

配置apache

启用代理模块
在apache httpd 2.4以后已经专门有一个模块针对FastCGI的实现，此模块为mod_proxy_fcgi.so，它其实是作为mod_proxy.so模块的扩展，因此，这两个模块都要加载，编辑httpd.conf文件，取消以下两行内容的注释:

LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf 
Include /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

配置虚拟主机

在需要使用fcgi的虚拟主机中添加类似如下两行：

ProxyRequests Off       //关闭正向代理
ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/PATH/TO/DOCUMENT_ROOT/$1


[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf 
//在配置文件的最后加入以下内容
<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs"
    ServerName www.example.com
    ErrorLog "logs/www.example.com-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/www.example.com-access_log" common
    ProxyRequests Off
    ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://192.168.11.128:9000/usr/local/apache/htdocs/wangqing.com/$1
    <Directory "/usr/local/apache/htdocs">
        Require all granted
    </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

//生成php测试页面

[root@localhost htdocs]# vim index.php
<?php
    phpinfo();
?>

[root@localhost apache]# chown -R apache.apache htdocs/
[root@localhost apache]# ll
total 36
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root   root    262 Oct 29 15:31 bin
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root   root    167 Oct 29 15:31 build
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root   root     78 Oct 29 15:31 cgi-bin
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root   root   4096 Oct 29 15:31 error
drwxr-xr-x.  2 apache apache   41 Oct 29 19:04 htdocs
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root   root   8192 Oct 29 15:31 icons
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root   root   4096 Oct 29 15:31 include
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root   root     58 Oct 29 15:44 logs
drwxr-xr-x.  4 root   root     30 Oct 29 15:31 man
drwxr-xr-x. 14 root   root   8192 Oct 29 15:31 manual
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root   root   4096 Oct 29 15:31 modules
[root@localhost apache]# 

//搜索AddType，添加以下内容 添加下两行
[root@localhost apache]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php  #添加此行
    AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps  #添加此行


[root@localhost apache]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
index.php