从零开始 Spring Boot 63:Hibernate 继承映射
关系型数据库设计中是不存在继承概念的,但实体类可以用继承来组织代码结构,所以需要用一种方式将实体类的继承结构映射到表结构。
本文将介绍几种在 JPA(Hibernate)中映射实体类继承层次的方式。
@MappedSuperclass
第一种方式是用@MappedSuperclass
标记超类(Super Class),超类并不对应任何表结构,而是体现在子类对应的表中都拥有超类的字段(每个子类对应一张表)。
@ToString
@Getter
@Setter
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@MappedSuperclass
public class Person {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;
@NotNull
@NotBlank
@Length(max = 45)
@Column(unique = true)
private String name;
public Person(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
@ToString(callSuper = true)
@Getter
@Setter
@NoArgsConstructor
@Entity(name = "student")
public class Student extends Person {
@Min(0)
@Max(100)
@NotNull
private Integer averageScore;
public Student(String name, Integer averageScore) {
super(name);
this.averageScore = averageScore;
}
}
@ToString(callSuper = true)
@NoArgsConstructor
@Getter
@Setter
@Entity
@Table(name = "teacher")
public class Teacher extends Person {
public enum Course {
MATH, PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, MUSIC, DRAW
}
public Teacher(String name, Course course) {
super(name);
this.course = course;
}
@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
private Course course;
}
生成的表结构:
CREATE TABLE `teacher` (
`id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(45) NOT NULL,
`course` enum('CHEMISTRY','DRAW','MATH','MUSIC','PHYSICS') DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)