coroutine协程

对协程还没有很深刻的认识，先贴上几个例子吧。

lua编写的协程例子：yield的参数由resume返回了，resume的参数由yield返回。。

function foo (a)
	print("foo", a)
	return coroutine.yield(2*a)
end
 
co = coroutine.create(function (a,b)
		print("co-body", a, b)
		local r = foo(a+1)
		print("co-body", r)
		local r, s = coroutine.yield(a+b, a-b)
		print("co-body", r, s)
		return b, "end"
	end)
		
print("main", coroutine.resume(co, 1, 10))
print("main", coroutine.resume(co, "r"))
print("main", coroutine.resume(co, "x", "y"))
print("main", coroutine.resume(co, "x", "y"))

输出结果：

co-body 1       10
foo     2

main    true    4
co-body r
main    true    11      -9
co-body x       y
main    true    10      end
main    false   cannot resume dead coroutine

第二个例子

coro = {}

coro.main = function() end
coro.current = coro.main

function coro.create(f)
   return coroutine.wrap(function(val)
                            return nil,f(val)
                         end)
end

function coro.transfer(k,val)
   if coro.current ~= coro.main then
      return coroutine.yield(k,val)
   else
      while k do
         coro.current = k
         if k == coro.main then
            return val
         end
         k,val = k(val)
      end
      error("coroutine ended without transfering control...")
   end
end

function foo1(n)
   print("1: foo1 received value "..n)
   n = coro.transfer(foo2,n + 10)
   print("2: foo1 received value "..n)
   n = coro.transfer(coro.main,n + 10)
   print("3: foo1 received value "..n)
   coro.transfer(coro.main,n + 10)
end

function foo2(n)
   print("1: foo2 received value "..n)
   n = coro.transfer(coro.main,n + 10)
   print("2: foo2 received value "..n)
   coro.transfer(foo1,n + 10)
end

function main()
   foo1 = coro.create(foo1)
   foo2 = coro.create(foo2)
   local n = coro.transfer(foo1,0)
   print("1: main received value "..n)
   n = coro.transfer(foo2,n + 10)
   print("2: main received value "..n)
   n = coro.transfer(foo1,n + 10)
   print("3: main received value "..n)
end

coro.main = main
coro.current = coro.main
coro.main()

关于coroutine.wrap，帮助文档中有下面一段话：

大意说的是wrap创建的coroutine，在调用时和resume功能类似：传进去的参数作为yield的返回值，yield语句执行到时，产生wrap函数的返回值。

Like coroutine.create, the coroutine.wrap function also creates a coroutine, but instead of returning the coroutine itself, 
it returns a function that, when called, resumes the coroutine. Any arguments passed to this function go as extra arguments 
to coroutine.resume. coroutine.wrap returns all the values returned by coroutine.resume, except the first one (the boolean 
error code). Unlike coroutine.resume, coroutine.wrap does not catch errors; any error is propagated to the caller. 

附上运行结果：

1: foo1 received value 0
1: foo2 received value 10
1: main received value 20
2: foo2 received value 30
2: foo1 received value 40
2: main received value 50
3: foo1 received value 60
3: main received value 70