【Android】安卓开发之使用Gson和POST请求和服务器通信

一、先看接口文档

url:http://10.15.120.43:8080/APP/Register（假设是这个地址，实际并不是）

请求方式：Http-Post

Content-Type: application/json

请求参数

{ “username”:”用户名”,“password”:”登录密码”}

返回参数

{“code”:”响应状态码”,“msg”: “响应信息”}

二、添加依赖

1、在Android studio 的project的Android视图下，打开build.gradle（Module：app）文件，添加依语句compile 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.7'

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {
        exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
    })
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.1.0'
    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
    compile 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.7'
}

2、点击右上角的 Sync now同步文本，然后Android studio 会自动下载Gson2.7，等它下载完就好了。

三、打开网络请求

打开manifests文件夹下的AndroidManifest.xml文件，加上<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.test">
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
    <application

四、在Java文件夹下新建一个Bean包，包下新建一个CalBean类，CalBean类里的代码如下：

package Bean;

public class CalBean {
    private String username;
    private String password;

    public CalBean(String username,String password) {
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "CalBean{" + "username=" + username + ", password=" + password +"}";
    }
}

五、在注册页的Activity类进行相应设置

/**
 * 注册页面2活动
 */
public class RegisterPart2 extends BaseActivity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.new_register_part2);
        //---------------------------给状态栏设置颜色-----------------------------------------------
        TextView textViewActionBar = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.actionBarId);
        setActionBarColor(textViewActionBar, getResources().getColor(R.color.theRed));
        //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        final EditText regUserName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.regist2NameEditId);
        final EditText regPassword = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.regist2PasswordEditId);
        EditText regConfirm = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.regist2ConfirmEditId);
        EditText regEmail = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.regist2EmailEditId);
        Button confirmButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.regist2ConfirmBottonId);

        /**
         * 完成注册，销毁之前的注册活动，直接跳到登陆界面，且不可返回之前注册活动
         */
        confirmButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                //---------------------------获取输入的用户名和密码---------------------------------
                String name = regUserName.getText().toString();
                String password = regPassword.getText().toString();
                //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                //---------------------通过POST请求将用户名和密码发送给服务器-----------------------
                try {
                    //新建一个线程，通过Message消息通知Handle对UI进行更改，现在只能在UI线程里对UI组件进行更改。
                    new Thread(new Runnable() {
                        @Override
                        public void run() {
                            //下面三句话，将会把三个参数包装为{"para1":10,"para2":2,"opt":"div"}字段
                            CalBean tb = new CalBean("12345678902","123456");
                            Gson gson = new Gson();
                            //传入的参数
                            String datas = gson.toJson(tb);
                            String url = " http://10.1.19.43:8080/Register";
                            String data = sendPostRequest(url, datas);
                        }
                    }).start();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    Log.i("ok", "there must be something wrong!");
                    return;
                }
                //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Intent intent = new Intent(RegisterPart2.this, Login.class);
                startActivity(intent);
                ActivityCollector.finishAll();
            }
        });
    }
    public static String sendPostRequest(String url, String param) {
        HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = null;
        OutputStream out = null; //写
        InputStream in = null;   //读
        int responseCode = 0;    //远程主机响应的HTTP状态码
        String result = "";
        try {
            URL sendUrl = new URL(url);
            httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) sendUrl.openConnection();
            //post方式请求
            httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
            //设置头部信息
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("headerdata", "ceshiyongde");
            //一定要设置 Content-Type 要不然服务端接收不到参数
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/Json; charset=UTF-8");
            //指示应用程序要将数据写入URL连接,其值默认为false（是否传参）
            httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);
            //httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true);
            httpURLConnection.setUseCaches(false);
            httpURLConnection.setConnectTimeout(30000); //30秒连接超时
            httpURLConnection.setReadTimeout(30000);    //30秒读取超时
            //传入参数
            out = httpURLConnection.getOutputStream();
            out.write(param.getBytes());
            out.flush(); //清空缓冲区,发送数据
            out.close();
            responseCode = httpURLConnection.getResponseCode();
            //获取请求的资源
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(httpURLConnection.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
            result = br.readLine();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        Map<String, String> map = new Gson().fromJson(result, new TypeToken<Map<String, String>>(){}.getType());
        String msg = map.get("msg");
        return msg;
    }
}

最后设一个断点看一下效果：