一起学Python 第 14章 对 象

14.1 真实世界中的对象

 

 

#14-2 使用Ball类
class Ball:

    def bounce(self):
        if self.direction == "down":
            self.direction = "up"
myBall = Ball()
myBall.direction = "down"
myBall.color = "red"
myBall.size = "small"

print("I just created a ball.")
print("My ball is",myBall.size)
print("My ball is",myBall.color)
print("My ball's direction is",myBall.direction)
print("Now I'm going to bounce the ball")
print()
myBall.bounce()
print("Now the ball's direction is",myBall.direction)

 

 

#14-3 增加一个__init__的方法传递参数
class Ball:
    def __init__(self,color,size,direction):
        self.color = color
        self.size  = size
        self.direction = direction

    def bounce(self):
        if self.direction == "down":
            self.direction = "up"
            
myBall = Ball ("red","small","down")
print("I just created a ball.")

print("My ball is",myBall.color) #书中代码是size，实际应该是color
print("My ball is",myBall.size)#书中代码是color,实际应该是size
print("My ball's direction is ",myBall.direction)
print("Now I'm going to bounce the ball")
print()
myBall.bounce()
print("Now the ball's direction is ",myBall.direction)
print('--------------------------------------------')
print (myBall)#你会得到这样一个奇怪的东西

 “魔法”方法 : __str__()

 

#14-5 热狗程序的开始部分
class HotDog:
    def __init__(self):
        self.cooked_level = 0
        self.cooked_string = "Raw"
        self.condiments = []
    def cook(self,time):
        self.cooked_level = self.cooked_level + time
        if self.cooked_level >8:
            self.cooked_string = "Charcoal"
        elif self.cooked_level >5:
            self.cooked_string = "Well-done"
        elif self.cooked_level >3:
            self.cooked_string = "Medium"
        else:
            self.cooked_string = "Raw"
myDog = HotDog()
print(myDog.cooked_level)
print(myDog.cooked_string)
print(myDog.condiments)
print("Now I'm going to cook the hot dog")
myDog.cook(4)
print (myDog.cooked_level)
print (myDog.cooked_string)

 

 

#14-6 包含cook() add_condiments() __str__() HotDog
class HotDog:
    def __init__(self):
        self.cooked_level=0
        self.cooked_string='Raw'
        self.condiments=[]
    def __str__(self):
        msg='hot dog'
        if len(self.condiments)>0:
            msg=msg+' with '
        for i in self.condiments:
            msg=msg+i+','
        msg=msg.strip(',')
        msg=self.cooked_string+' '+msg+'.'
        return msg
    def cook(self,time):
        self.cooked_level=self.cooked_level+time
        if self.cooked_level>8:
            self.cooked_string='Charcoal'
        elif self.cooked_level>5:
            self.cooked_string='Well-done'
        elif self.cooked_level>3:
            self.cooked_string='Medium'
        else:
            self.cooked_string='Raw'
    def addCondiment(self,condiment):
        self.condiments.append(condiment)
myDog=HotDog()
print (myDog)
print ('Cooking hot dog for 4 minutes...')
myDog.cook(4)
print(myDog)
print('cooking hot dog for 3 more minutes...')
myDog.cook(3)
print(myDog)
print('what happens if I cook it for 10 more minutes?')
myDog.cook(10)
print(myDog)
print("Now, I'm going to add some stuff on my hot dog")
myDog.addCondiment('ketchup')
myDog.addCondiment('mustard')
print(myDog)

 

 

#14.8多态和继承

class Triangle:
    def __init__(self,width,height):
        self.width = width
        self.height =height
    def getArea(self):
        area = self.width * self.height / 2.0
        return area
class Square:
    def __init__(self,size):
        self.size = size
    def getArea(self):
        area = self.size * self.size
        return area
myTriangle = Triangle(4,5)
mySquare = Square(7)
print(myTriangle.getArea())
print(mySquare.getArea())

class Game_object:
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name = name
    def pickUp(self):
        pass
    #put code here to add the object
    #to the player's collection
class Coin(Game_object):
    def __init__(self,value):
        GameObject.__init__(self,"coin")
        self.value = value
    def spend(selt,buyer,seller):
        pass

 

#14章对象动手试一试
#14.1对应银行账户的类如下所示:
class BankAccout:
    def __init__(self,acct_number,acct_name):
        self.acct_number = acct_number
        self.acct_name = acct_name
        self.balance = 0.0
    def displayBalance(self):
        print("The account balance is:",self.balance)

    def deposit(self,amount):
        self.balance = self.balance + amount
        print("You deposited",amount)
        print("The new balance is:",self.balance)
    def withdraw(self,amount):
        if self.balance >=amount:
            self.balance = self.balance - amount
            print ("You withdrew",amount)
            print ("The new balance is :",self.balance)
        else:
            print("You tried to withdraw",amount)
            print("The account balance is:",self.balance)
            print("Withdrawal denied. Not enough funds.")
myAccount = BankAccout(234567,"Warren Sande")
print("Account name:",myAccount.acct_name)
print("Account number:",myAccount.acct_number)
myAccount.displayBalance()

myAccount.deposit(34.52)
myAccount.withdraw(12.25)
myAccount.withdraw(30.8)

#14.2建立一个账户信息，计算利息
##class InterestAccount(BankAccount):
##    def __init__(self,acct_number,acct_name,rate):
##        BankAccount.__init__(self,acct_number,acct_name)
##        self.rate = rate
##    def addInterest (self):
##        interest = self.balance * self.rate
##        print("adding interest to the account,",self.rate * 100,"percent")
##        self.deposit (interest)

class BankAccount:
    def __init__(self, acct_number, acct_name):
        self.acct_number = acct_number
        self.acct_name = acct_name
        self.balance = 0.0

    def displayBalance(self):
        print( "The account balance is:", self.balance)

    def deposit(self, amount):
        self.balance = self.balance + amount
        print( "You deposited", amount)
        print( "The new balance is:", self.balance)
        
    def withdraw(self, amount):
        if self.balance >= amount:
            self.balance = self.balance - amount
            print( "You withdrew", amount)
            print( "The new balance is:", self.balance)
        else:
            print ("You tried to withdraw", amount)
            print ("The account balance is:", self.balance)
            print("Withdrawl denied.  Not enough funds.")

class InterestAccount(BankAccount):
    def addInterest(self, rate):
        interest = self.balance * rate
        print( "adding interest to the account,",rate * 100,"percent")
        self.deposit (interest)
myAccount = InterestAccount(234567, "Warren Sande")
print ("Account name:", myAccount.acct_name)
print( "Account number:", myAccount.acct_number)
myAccount.displayBalance()
myAccount.deposit(34.52)
myAccount.addInterest(0.11)