hibernate框架知识

1.Hibernate属性：

<propertyname="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>

 

create：表示启动的时候先drop，再create

create-drop: 也表示创建，只不过再系统关闭前执行一下drop

update: 这个操作启动的时候会去检查schema是否一致，如果不一致会做scheme更新

validate: 启动时验证现有schema与你配置的hibernate是否一致，如果不一致就抛出异常，并不做更新

 

2.使用hibernate集合映射方式(Set,List,Map自选)和外键同时创建两张表

需求：.通过hibernate集合映射方式(Set,List,Map自选),自动创建学生信息表和学生成绩表学生信息表字段(id,stuName,Age,Address) 学生成绩表(stuId,score) 学生成绩表的stuId和学生表Id外健关联

1）  创建model类：

publicclass Student {

 

private int id;

private String stuName;

private int age;

private String address;

//一个学生映射多个成绩

private Set<Double> grade = new HashSet<Double>();

…….省略get set方法

}

2）  编写映射文件

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"

"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping>

  <class name="com.model.Student"table="student">

     <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">

          <column name="ID" precision="22"scale="0" />

           <generator class="assigned" />

     </id>

     <property name="stuName" column="stuName"type="java.lang.String"></property>

     <property name="age" column="age"type="java.lang.Integer"></property>

     <property name="address" column="address"type="java.lang.String"></property>

     <!—set的name属性需要和上面定义的model类的set的属性相同 作为grade表-->

     <set name="grade" table="grade">

          <keyforeign-key="id">

             <column name="stuId"not-null="true"/>

          </key>

          <elementtype="java.lang.Double" column="grades"></element>

      </set>

   </class>

</hibernate-mapping>

3）  编写总的映射文件

<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPEhibernate-configuration PUBLIC

"-//Hibernate/HibernateConfiguration DTD 3.0//EN"

"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>

   <session-factory>

           <propertyname="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>

        <propertyname="hibernate.connection.password">123456</property>

        <propertyname="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/hiber?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8</property>

        <propertyname="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>

        <propertyname="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>

        <propertyname="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>

        <mappingresource="com/cfg/tbl/stu.hbm.xml" />

        <mappingclass="com.model.Stu" />

       

</session-factory>

 

</hibernate-configuration>

4）  编写测试类

 

 

 

工具类：

package com.db.util;

 

import org.hibernate.Session;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

 

public class HiberDBUtil {

 

         privatestatic String CONFIG_FILE_LOCATION="/com/cfg/hibernate.cfg.xml";

         privatestatic Configuration config=new Configuration();

         privatestatic SessionFactory sessionFac;

         privatestatic ThreadLocal<Session> tdlocal=new ThreadLocal<Session>();

         privatestatic String configfile=CONFIG_FILE_LOCATION;

        

         //静态数据块  加载配置文件，生成sessionFactory

         static{

                   try{

                            //加载配置文件

                            config.configure(configfile);

                            //通过配置文件加载sessionFactory

                            sessionFac=config.buildSessionFactory();

 

                   }catch(Exceptione){

                            e.printStackTrace();

                   }

                  

                  

         }

        

        

         privateHiberDBUtil(){

                  

         }

        

        

         publicstatic Session getSession(){

                  

                   Sessionsession=(Session)tdlocal.get();

                   if(null==session||!session.isOpen()){

                            if(sessionFac==null){

                                     reBuildSessonFac();

                            }

                            session=(sessionFac!=null)?sessionFac.openSession():null;

                            tdlocal.set(session);        

                   }

                  

                   System.out.println("session:"+session);

                   returnsession;

         }

        

         publicstatic void  reBuildSessonFac(){

                   try{

                            //加载配置文件

                            config.configure(configfile);

                            //通过配置文件加载sessionFactory

                            sessionFac=config.buildSessionFactory();

 

                   }catch(Exceptione){

                            e.printStackTrace();

                   }

         }

        

         publicstatic void closeSession(){

                   Sessionsession=tdlocal.get();

                   tdlocal.set(null);

                  

                   if(session!=null){

                            session.close();

                   }

        

         }

        

         publicstatic SessionFactory getSessionFactory(){

                   returnsessionFac;

         }

}

 

 

测试类：

 

   package com.Test;

 

import java.util.HashSet;

import java.util.Set;

 

 

 

 

import org.hibernate.Query;

import org.hibernate.Session;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import org.hibernate.Transaction;

 

import com.db.util.HiberDBUtil;

import com.model.Student;

 

public class TestTwo {

 

         publicstatic void main(String[] args) {

                   Set<Double>set = new HashSet<Double>();

       set.add((double) 80);

       set.add((double) 85);

 

       Session session = HiberDBUtil.getSession();

                   Transactiontransa=session.beginTransaction();

   

                 try {

                         

                          Studentstudent=new Student();

                          student.setId(1);

                          student.setStuName("hzs");

                          student.setAge(21);

                          student.setAddress("guangzhou");

                          student.setGrade(set);

                    

                   

                     session.save(student);

                     transa.commit();

                 } catch (Exception e) {

                          //ts.rollback();

                 } finally {

                          HiberDBUtil.closeSession();

                 }

                

 

                 Session session1=HiberDBUtil.getSession();

                 String hql = "FROM Student";

                 Query query =session1.createQuery(hql);

                 Student student = (Student)query.uniqueResult();

                 System.out.println(student);

 

           session1.close();

 

                   }

         }

        

结果：

在数据库中能够创建两张表，student表和grade表，并成功插入数据

 

 

 

使用注解的方式创建数据库

编写model类，填写注解：

package com.model;

 

import javax.persistence.Column;

import javax.persistence.Entity;

import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;

import javax.persistence.Id;

import javax.persistence.Table;

 

importorg.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;

 

@Entity

@Table(name="student")

public class Student {

 

         privateint sid;

         privateString sname;

        

         // 主键：@Id    主键生成方式：strategy = "increment"

                            //映射表中id这个字段，不能为空，并且是唯一的

         @GenericGenerator(name = "generator", strategy ="increment")

         @Id

         @GeneratedValue(generator = "generator")

         @Column(name = "sid", unique = true, nullable =false)

         publicint getSid() {

                   returnsid;

         }

         publicvoid setSid(int sid) {

                   this.sid= sid;

         }

        

         @Column(name = "sname", length = 50)

         publicString getSname() {

                   returnsname;

         }

         publicvoid setSname(String sname) {

                   this.sname= sname;

         }

        

        

        

        

}

编写hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC

"-//Hibernate/HibernateConfiguration DTD 3.0//EN"

"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>

  <session-factory>

     <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>

        <property name="hibernate.connection.password">123456</property>

        <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/hiberdb?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8</property>

        <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>

        <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>

        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>

        <mapping resource="com/cfg/tbl/Pinfo.hbm.xml"/>

      <mapping class="com.model.Student"/>

  </session-factory>

 

</hibernate-configuration>

 

编写测试类

package com.Test;

 

import java.util.List;

 

import org.hibernate.Query;

import org.hibernate.Session;

import org.hibernate.Transaction;

 

import com.db.util.HiberDBUtil;

import com.model.Student;

 

public class TestThree {

 

public static void main(String[] args) {

                  

                   Sessionsession =HiberDBUtil.getSession();

                   Transactionts = session.beginTransaction();

                  

                   Studentst1 = new Student();

                   st1.setSname("张三");

                   Studentst2 = new Student();

                   st2.setSname("李四");

                   Studentst3 = new Student();

                   st3.setSname("王五");

                  

                   session.save(st1);

                   session.save(st2);

                   session.save(st3);

                  

                   session.flush();

                   session.clear();

                  

                   Queryquery = session.createQuery(" FROM Student");

                   List<Student>list = query.list();

                   for(inti=0;i<list.size();i++){

                            System.out.println("student:"+list.get(i).getSname());

                   }

                   /*Personp = (Person)session.get(Person.class,2);

                   System.out.println(p.getName()+p.getAddress());*/

                  

                   ts.commit();

                  HiberDBUtil.closeSession();

 

                  

                  

                  

         }

        

        

}

结果图：数据库图片