Hibernate之四 映射文件

1.单向多对一

1)数据库表结构

Order:ORDER_ID,ORDER_NAME,CUSTOMER_ID

Customer:CUSTOMER_ID,CUSTOMER_NAME

2)entity:多的一端含有一的一端这个字段属性

public class Order {
    private Integer orderId;
    private String orderName;
	//一的一端
    private Customer customer;
}
public class Customer {
    private Integer customerId;
    private String customerName;
}

3)映射文件:一的一端正常配置,多的一端配置many-to-one标签

order.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.ithings.entities">

    <class name="Order" table="ORDERS">

        <id name="orderId" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="ORDER_ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        
        <property name="orderName" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="ORDER_NAME" />
        </property>
        
        <!-- 
                映射多对一的关联关系。 使用 many-to-one 来映射多对一的关联关系 
                name: 多这一端关联的一那一端的属性的名字
                class: 一那一端的属性对应的类名
                column: 一那一端在多的一端对应的数据表中的外键的名字
        -->
        <many-to-one name="customer" class="Customer" column="CUSTOMER_ID"></many-to-one>
        
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

customer.hbm.xml

	<?xml version="1.0"?>
	<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

	<hibernate-mapping>
		
		<class name="com.ithings.entities.Customer" table="CUSTOMERS">
		
			<id name="customerId" type="java.lang.Integer">
				<column name="CUSTOMER_ID" />
				<generator class="native" />
			</id>
		
			<property name="customerName" type="java.lang.String">
				<column name="CUSTOMER_NAME" />
			</property>
			
		</class>
		
	</hibernate-mapping>

2.双向多对一

1)数据库表结构

Order:ORDER_ID,ORDER_NAME,CUSTOMER_ID

Customer:CUSTOMER_ID,CUSTOMER_NAME


2)entity:多的一端含有一的一端这个字段属性,一的一端含有多的一端的集合属性

customer
public class Customer {

	private Integer customerId;
	private String customerName;
	
	/*
	 * 1. 声明集合类型时, 需使用接口类型, 因为 hibernate 在获取
	 * 集合类型时, 返回的是 Hibernate 内置的集合类型, 而不是 JavaSE 一个标准的
	 * 集合实现. 
	 * 2. 需要把集合进行初始化, 可以防止发生空指针异常
	 */
	private Set<Order> orders = new HashSet<>();
}

3)映射文件:一的一端配置set标签,多的一端配置many-to-one标签

customer.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.atguigu.hibernate.entities.n21.both">
    
    <class name="Customer" table="CUSTOMERS">
    
        <id name="customerId" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="CUSTOMER_ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
    
        <property name="customerName" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="CUSTOMER_NAME" />
        </property>
        
        <!-- 映射 1 对多的那个集合属性 -->
        <!-- set: 映射 set 类型的属性, table: set 中的元素对应的记录放在哪一个数据表中. 该值需要和多对一的多的那个表的名字一致 -->
        <set name="orders" table="ORDERS">
        	<!-- 执行多的表中的外键列的名字 -->
        	<key column="CUSTOMER_ID"></key>
        	<!-- 指定映射类型 -->
        	<one-to-many class="Order"/>
        </set>
    </class>


3 一对一

3.1 一对一(基于外键)

1)数据库表结构

Manager:MGR_ID,MGR_NAME

Department:DEPT_ID,DEPT_NAME,MGR_ID

2)entity 

Manager:
public class Manager {
	private Integer mgrId;
	private String mgrName;
	private Department dept;
}
Department:
public class Department {
	private Integer deptId;
	private String deptName;
	private Manager mgr;
}

3)映射文件

Manager.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.atguigu.hibernate.one2one.foreign">

    <class name="Manager" table="MANAGERS">
        
        <id name="mgrId" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="MGR_ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        
        <property name="mgrName" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="MGR_NAME" />
        </property>
        
        <!-- 映射 1-1 的关联关系: 在对应的数据表中已经有外键了, 当前持久化类使用 one-to-one 进行映射 -->
        <!-- 
        	没有外键的一端需要使用one-to-one元素,该元素使用 property-ref 属性指定使用被关联实体主键以外的字段作为关联字段
         -->
        <one-to-one name="dept" class="Department" property-ref="mgr"></one-to-one>
        
    </class>
    
</hibernate-mapping>

Department.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.atguigu.hibernate.one2one.foreign">

    <class name="Department" table="DEPARTMENTS">

        <id name="deptId" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="DEPT_ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        
        <property name="deptName" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="DEPT_NAME" />
        </property>
		
		<!-- 使用 many-to-one 的方式来映射 1-1 关联关系 -->
		<many-to-one name="mgr" class="Manager" 
			column="MGR_ID" unique="true"></many-to-one>	        
			        
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

3.2 一对一(基于主键)

1)数据库表结构

Manager:MGR_ID,MGR_NAME

Department:DEPT_ID,DEPT_NAME

2)entity 

Manager:
public class Manager {
	private Integer mgrId;
	private String mgrName;
	private Department dept;
}
Department:
public class Department {
	private Integer deptId;
	private String deptName;
	private Manager mgr;
}

3)映射文件

Manager.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.atguigu.hibernate.one2one.primary">

    <class name="Manager" table="MANAGERS">
        
        <id name="mgrId" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="MGR_ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        
        <property name="mgrName" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="MGR_NAME" />
        </property>
        
        <one-to-one name="dept" class="Department"></one-to-one>
        
    </class>
    
</hibernate-mapping>

Department.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.atguigu.hibernate.one2one.primary">

    <class name="Department" table="DEPARTMENTS">

        <id name="deptId" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="DEPT_ID" />
            <!-- 使用外键的方式来生成当前的主键 -->
            <generator class="foreign">
            	<!-- property 属性指定使用当前持久化类的哪一个属性的主键作为外键 -->
            	<param name="property">mgr</param>
            </generator>
        </id>
        
        <property name="deptName" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="DEPT_NAME" />
        </property>
		
		<!--  
		采用 foreign 主键生成器策略的一端增加 one-to-one 元素映射关联属性,
		其 one-to-one 节点还应增加 constrained=true 属性, 以使当前的主键上添加外键约束
		-->
		<one-to-one name="mgr" class="Manager" constrained="true"></one-to-one>
					        
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

4.多对多

1)数据库表结构

Category:ID、NAME

Item:ID、NAME

categers_items:C_ID、I_ID

2)entity

public class Category {
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private Set<Item> items = new HashSet<>();
}
Item:
public class Item {
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private Set<Category> categories = new HashSet<>();
}

3)映射文件

Category.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.atguigu.hibernate.n2n">

    <class name="Category" table="CATEGORIES">
    
        <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
    
        <property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="NAME" />
        </property>
        
        <!-- table: 指定中间表 -->
        <set name="items" table="CATEGORIES_ITEMS">
            <key>
                <column name="C_ID" />
            </key>
            <!-- 使用 many-to-many 指定多对多的关联关系. column 执行 Set 集合中的持久化类在中间表的外键列的名称  -->
            <many-to-many class="Item" column="I_ID"></many-to-many>
        </set>
        
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Item.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.atguigu.hibernate.n2n">

    <class name="Item" table="ITEMS">
        
        <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        
        <property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="NAME" />
        </property>
        
        <set name="categories" table="CATEGORIES_ITEMS" inverse="true">
        	<key column="I_ID"></key>
        	<many-to-many class="com.atguigu.hibernate.n2n.Category" column="C_ID"></many-to-many>
        </set>
        
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>


5 继承关系

5.1 继承关系 subclass

1)数据库表结构

PERSONS:id、type、name、age、school

2)entity

Person:
public class Person {	
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private int age;
}
Student:
public class Student extends Person{
	private String school;
}

3)映射文件

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.atguigu.hibernate.subclass">

    <class name="Person" table="PERSONS" discriminator-value="PERSON">

        <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        
        <!-- 配置辨别者列 -->
		<discriminator column="TYPE" type="string"></discriminator>

        <property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="NAME" />
        </property>
        
        <property name="age" type="int">
            <column name="AGE" />
        </property>
        
        <!-- 映射子类 Student, 使用 subclass 进行映射 -->
        <subclass name="Student" discriminator-value="STUDENT">
        	<property name="school" type="string" column="SCHOOL"></property>
        </subclass>
        
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

5.2 继承关系 joined-subclass

1)数据库表结构

PERSONS:id、name、age

STUDENTS:school_id、school

2)entity

Person:
public class Person {	
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private int age;
}
Student:
public class Student extends Person{
	private String school;
}

3)映射文件

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.atguigu.hibernate.joined.subclass">

    <class name="Person" table="PERSONS">

        <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        
        <property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="NAME" />
        </property>
        
        <property name="age" type="int">
            <column name="AGE" />
        </property>
        <!--采用 joined-subclass 元素的继承映射可以实现每个子类一张表-->
        <joined-subclass name="Student" table="STUDENTS">
        	<key column="STUDENT_ID"></key>
        	<property name="school" type="string" column="SCHOOL"></property>
        </joined-subclass>
        
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

5.3 继承关系 union-subclass

1)数据库表结构

PERSONS:id、name、age

STUDENTS:id、name、age、school

2)entity

Person:
public class Person {	
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private int age;
}
Student:
public class Student extends Person{
	private String school;
}

3)映射文件

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.atguigu.hibernate.union.subclass">

    <class name="Person" table="PERSONS">

        <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="ID" />
            <generator class="hilo" />
        </id>
        
        <property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="NAME" />
        </property>
        
        <property name="age" type="int">
            <column name="AGE" />
        </property>
	
		<union-subclass name="Student" table="STUDENTS">
			<property name="school" column="SCHOOL" type="string"></property>
		</union-subclass>        
        
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>




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