Data Visualization - Dot Lang & Graphviz
Graphviz安装
依据官网http://www.graphviz.org/Download..php讲述的下载、安装方式进行。
Windows:
下载:http://www.graphviz.org/pub/graphviz/stable/windows/graphviz-2.38.msi
以管理员权限运行 graphviz-x.xx.msi
Warning for Vista users: Even if you are logged in as adminstrator, double-clicking on the MSI file or running the MSI file from a command prompt may still not may not provide sufficient privileges. You have to run “msiexec /a graphviz-x.xx.msi”.1
配置环境变量,将X:\PATH_TO_Graphviz2.38\bin加入到PATH中
Note: As of version 2.31, the Visual Studio package no longer alters the PATH variable or accesses the registry at all. If you wish to use the command-line interface to Graphviz or are using some other program that calls a Graphviz program, you will need to set the PATH variable yourself.2
Redhat/Centos:
使用yum Repository
设置yum源 graphviz-rhel.repo 到 /etc/yum.repos.d/
执行安装
yum list available 'graphviz*'
yum install 'graphviz*'
或者下载各个组件的rpm安装包进行安装,参考http://www.graphviz.org/Download_linux_rhel.php
Ubuntu:
目前有一个graphviz开发版可用于apt-get 安装,参考https://launchpad.net/~gviz-adm/+archive/ubuntu/graphviz-dev
或者下载各个组件的deb安装包进行安装,参考http://www.graphviz.org/Download_linux_ubuntu.php
Anaconda (如果你使用Python则推荐这种方式):
不管是Linux, windows, osx操作系统,安装好anaconda之后运行
conda install -c anaconda graphviz=2.38.0
即可完成安装。
graphviz conda package 并不是 Python package,如果使用import graphviz则会报出” no module named graphviz “错误,这便是因为graphviz conda package 仅是将lib files放入了library/中,例如dot可以在”/PATH_TO_ANACONDA/bin/”目录中找到并执行。
如果要安装graphviz Python package, 使用”pip install graphviz”3
最近使用yum安装时出现错误
目前这个BUG已经被提交,还没有进一步更新。45
安装完成后执行
dot -version
显示graphviz相关的版本信息
还可以打开graphviz的编辑器gvedit
gvedit
DOT语言
DOT (graph description language)
DOT是一种用文本文件表示的图像描述语言,一般DOT文件以”gv”或者”dot”为后缀(”gv”的表示方式是用来跟早期(2007之前)的Microsoft Word区分)。6
Syntax
DOT 的抽象语法表达7
graph : [ strict ] (graph | digraph) [ ID ] '{' stmt_list '}'
stmt_list : [ stmt [ ';' ] stmt_list ]
stmt : node_stmt
| edge_stmt
| attr_stmt
| ID '=' ID
| subgraph
attr_stmt : (graph | node | edge) attr_list
attr_list : '[' [ a_list ] ']' [ attr_list ]
a_list : ID '=' ID [ (';' | ',') ] [ a_list ]
edge_stmt : (node_id | subgraph) edgeRHS [ attr_list ]
edgeRHS : edgeop (node_id | subgraph) [ edgeRHS ]
node_stmt : node_id [ attr_list ]
node_id : ID [ port ]
port : ':' ID [ ':' compass_pt ]
| ':' compass_pt
subgraph : [ subgraph [ ID ] ] '{' stmt_list '}'
compass_pt : (n | ne | e | se | s | sw | w | nw | c | _)
可以参考wiki中的几个例子来解释DOT语法。8
Undirected graphs (无向图)
Directed graphs (有向图)
Attributes (属性)
属性字典请参考:http://www.graphviz.org/content/attrs
Comments (注释)
更多示例可以参考:
http://blog.csdn.net/zhangskd/article/details/8250470
http://www.graphviz.org/Gallery.php
Layout programs
The DOT language defines a graph, but does not provide facilities for rendering the graph. There are several programs that can be used to render, view, and manipulate graphs in the DOT language:
Graphviz - A collection of libraries and utilities to manipulate and render graphs
Canviz - a JavaScript library for rendering dot files.
Viz.js - A simple Graphviz JavaScript client
Grappa - A partial port of Graphviz to Java.
Beluging - A Python & Google Cloud based viewer of DOT and Beluga extensions.
Tulip can import dot files for analysis
OmniGraffle can import a subset of DOT, producing an editable document. (The result cannot be exported back to DOT, however.)
ZGRViewer, a GraphViz/DOT Viewer link
VizierFX, A Flex graph rendering library link
Gephi - an interactive visualization and exploration platform for all kinds of networks and complex systems, dynamic and hierarchical graphs
未完待续……
- http://www.graphviz.org/Download_windows.php ↩
- http://www.graphviz.org/Download_windows.php ↩
- http://stackoverflow.com/questions/33433274/anaconda-graphviz-cant-import-after-installation ↩
- http://www.graphviz.org/mantisbt/print_bug_page.php?bug_id=2453 ↩
- http://www.graphviz.org/content/cannot-install-graphviz-rhelrepo-error-404 ↩
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOT_(graph_description_language) ↩
- http://www.graphviz.org/content/dot-language ↩
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOT_(graph_description_language)#Syntax ↩