背景介绍
简单来说Akka是一个用于构建服务端分布式应用的框架,其具有高并发、可扩展、容错性等特点。Akka中的基本单位是Actor,Actor可以与线程来作为类比,有自己的标识符、存储空间、调度策略、生命周期等。每个Actor相互之间的交互都是通过消息(可以是字符串、二进制数据、自定义对象等)来实现的,这样就避免了每个Actor的耦合。更重要的是生成一个Actor只占用40多个字节的存储空间(我自己测试的是50字节左右),1G内存的情况下,可以生成250w个Actor!其并发性能超强悍~~~
Akka官方文档:http://akka.io/docs/
背景知识简要介绍完了,本篇的主题是怎样实现Akka文档中介绍的router
router即路由,消息传递到router后,router根据响应的策略将消息下发到其所管理的routees, routees可以看做是一系列Actor的集合,每个Actor当然既可以是本地的Actor也 可以是远程的Actor。本文将给出本地和远程的两种测试实例。
准备工作:
开发环境:ItelliJ IDEA
工程类型:Maven
1.工程目录结构
2.Maven 配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.akka.route</groupId>
<artifactId>akka</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>${project.artifactId}-${project.version}</name>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>akka-snapshots</id>
<name>Akka Snapshots</name>
<url>http://repo.akka.io/snapshots/</url>
<layout>default</layout>
</repository>
</repositories>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.typesafe.akka</groupId>
<artifactId>akka-actor_2.11</artifactId>
<!--Must be 2.2-SNAPSHOT-->
<version>2.3.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.typesafe.akka</groupId>
<artifactId>akka-remote_2.11</artifactId>
<version>2.3.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.archetypes</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-archetype-quickstart</artifactId>
<version>1.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
此项目中用到的akka版本是2.3.12,对应的远程模块remote版本也是2.3.12
3.akka配置文件 application.conf
# akka 2.3
LocalSys{
akka {
actor {
provider = "akka.remote.RemoteActorRefProvider"
deployment {
/router1{
router = round-robin-pool
nr-of-instances = 5
}
/router3{
router = random-group
routees.paths = [
#set the remote actor path
"akka.tcp://RemoteNodeApp@192.168.86.129:2552/user/remoteActor",
#set the localhost actor path
"akka.tcp://RemoteNodeApp@127.0.0.1:2552/user/remoteActor"
]
}
}
}
}
}
Akka的配置文件很复杂,此处只给出了需要的配置。
3.Main 程序
import akka.actor.*;
import akka.event.Logging;
import akka.event.LoggingAdapter;
import com.typesafe.config.ConfigFactory;
/**
* Created by rootigo on 2016/7/28.
*/
public class Main {
/**For a remote akka project ,the top system must be set once,otherwise it will cause "Address already in use" exception,
*The akka use default port 2552
*/
public static ActorSystem _system = ActorSystem.create("parent", ConfigFactory
.load().getConfig("LocalSys"));
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
ActorRef masterRef =
_system.actorOf(Props.create(Master.class),"Master");
for(int i = 0 ;i < 10;i ++) {
int payload = i * 10;
masterRef.tell(new Work(""+payload+""), null);
Thread.sleep(1000 * 2);
}
}
}
Main是此项目的启动程序,先根据配置文件application.conf创建ActorSystem,后面由此system创建的Actor都在此system根路径之下,即/parent/user/some_actor
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import akka.actor.*;
import akka.event.Logging;
import akka.event.LoggingAdapter;
import akka.routing.*;
import com.typesafe.config.ConfigFactory;
public final class Work implements Serializable{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public String payload;
public Work(String payload){
this.payload = payload;
}
}
/** Route Logic
* RoundRobinRoutingLogic
* RandomRoutingLogic
* SmallestMailboxRoutingLogic
* BroadcastRoutingLogic
* ScatterGatherFirstCompletedRoutingLogic
* TailChoppingRoutingLogic
* ConsistentHashRoutingLogic
* */
class Master extends UntypedActor {
LoggingAdapter log = Logging.getLogger(getContext().system(), this);
ActorRef getRouteeRef(){
ActorRef workerpool = Main._system.actorOf(Props.create(Worker.class)
);
return workerpool;
}
ActorRef getRemoteRouter(String remoteAddr){
String remoteActorAddr = String.format("akka.tcp://RemoteNodeApp@%s/user/remoteActor",remoteAddr);
ActorRef routerRemote = getContext().actorFor(remoteActorAddr);
return routerRemote;
}
ActorRef getRoundRobinPoolRef(){
//Props.create(Worker.class) means create a Worker actor
ActorRef routerRef = Main._system.actorOf(FromConfig.getInstance().props(Props.create(Worker.class)),"router1");
System.out.printf("RoundRobinGroup actor path is:{%s}\n",routerRef.path());
return routerRef;
}
ActorRef getRoundRobinGroupRefByCoding(){
//Before using RoundRobinGroup(paths) to router w1,w2,w3,this three actors must be created
Main._system.actorOf(Props.create(Worker.class),"w1");
Main._system.actorOf(Props.create(Worker.class),"w2");
Main._system.actorOf(Props.create(Worker.class),"w3");
///Round-robin-Group by program code
List<String> paths = Arrays.asList("/user/w1", "/user/w2",
"/user/w3");
ActorRef routerRef = Main._system.actorOf(new RoundRobinGroup(paths).props(), "router2");
ActorRef w1 = Main._system.actorFor("/user/w1");
ActorRef w2 = Main._system.actorFor("/user/w2");
ActorRef w3 = Main._system.actorFor("/user/w3");
System.out.printf("W1 path:{%s,%s},W2 path:{%s,%s},W3 path:{%s,%s}\n",
w1.path(),w1.isTerminated(),w2.path(),w2.isTerminated(),w3.path(),w3.isTerminated());
/// Round-robin-group
System.out.printf("RoundRobinGroup actor path is:{%s}\n",routerRef.path());
return routerRef;
}
ActorRef getRoundRobinGroupRefByConfigureFile(){
//router the remote actor as routees,make sure that the remote actors must be running
ActorRef routerRef = Main._system.actorOf(FromConfig.getInstance().props(),"router3");
System.out.printf("RoundRobinGroup actor path is:{%s}\n",routerRef.path());
return routerRef;
}
void addRouteeProgramtically(List<Routee> routees){
for(int i = 0 ;i < 5;i++){
// ActorRef r = getContext().actorOf(Props.create(Worker.class),"Worker" + i);
String remoteAddr = "192.168.86.129:2552";
if(i % 2 ==0){
remoteAddr = "127.0.0.1:2552";
}
ActorRef r = getRemoteRouter(remoteAddr);
System.out.printf("{%s} path is {%s}\n",i,r.path());
getContext().watch(r);
routees.add(new ActorRefRoutee(r));
}
}
//1.Use router and routees to router the message
Router router ;
/*
{
List<Routee> routees = new ArrayList<Routee>();
ActorRef r = getRoundRobinGroupRefByConfigureFile();
getContext().watch(r);
routees.add(new ActorRefRoutee(r));
router = new Router(new RoundRobinRoutingLogic(),routees);
}
*/
//2.Use the RoundRobinGroup or RoundRobinPool to get the router
ActorPath routerPath = getRoundRobinGroupRefByConfigureFile().path();
public void onReceive(Object msg){
ActorRef sender = getSender();
if(msg instanceof String){
log.info("Msg From Sender[{}]:{}\n",sender.path(),msg);
}
else if(msg instanceof Work){
log.info("[{}]Send Forward Message:'{}' to router \n" ,getSelf().path(), ((Work) msg).payload,routerPath);
/*
//Sending messages via the router,the sender is the router iteself
router.route(((Work) msg).payload,getSelf());
*/
ActorSelection selection = getContext().actorSelection(routerPath);
selection.tell(((Work) msg).payload,getSelf());
} else if(msg instanceof Terminated){
router = router.removeRoutee(((Terminated)msg).actor());
ActorRef r = getContext().actorOf(Props.create(Worker.class));
getContext().watch(r);
router = router.addRoutee(new ActorRefRoutee(r));
}
}
}
需要强调的是,在用RoundRobinGroup(和其他Group)获取作为router的Actor时,一定要保证routees.path中涉及的远程Actor已经存在,否则消息无法正确传递。
方法getRoundRobinGroupByCoding()中的/user/w1,/user/w2,/user/w3三个Actor要提前创建。
从代码中可以看出,创建Router有两种方法,一种是通过向Router中逐个添加routee,另外一种就是用RoundRobinGroup或者RoudRobinPool来创建Router的ActorRef。
5.Worker文件
import akka.actor.ActorPath;
import akka.actor.UntypedActor;
import akka.event.Logging;
import akka.event.LoggingAdapter;
public class Worker extends UntypedActor {
LoggingAdapter log = Logging.getLogger(getContext().system(), this);
@Override
public void onReceive(Object msg){
ActorPath path = getSender().path();
ActorPath myself = getSelf().path();
if(msg instanceof Work){
String payload = ((Work)msg).payload;
log.info("Receive Work({}) From :{}",payload,path);
} else if(msg instanceof String){
log.info("Receive message:{} From :{}",msg,path);
}
}
}
最后,还需要一个远程的服务端RemoteNodeApp,不再列出,下面给出附件,自行下载。
http://download.csdn.net/detail/igoqhb/9590561