windows程序设计 第九章 ENVIRON.C中的一个问题

#include <windows.h>
#define ID_LISTBOX 1
#define ID_TEXTBOX 2
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) ;
int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT ("Environ") ;
HWND hwnd ;
MSG msg ;
WNDCLASS wndclass ;
wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW ;
wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc ;
wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0 ;
wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0 ;
wndclass.hInstance = hInstance ;
wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION) ;
wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW) ;
wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) (COLOR_WINDOW+1) ;
wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL ;
wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName ;
if (!RegisterClass (&wndclass))
	{
	MessageBox ( NULL, TEXT ("This program requires Windows NT!"),
	szAppName, MB_ICONERROR) ;
	return 0 ;
	}

hwnd = CreateWindow (szAppName, TEXT ("this is ENVIRON program"),
					WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
					CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
					NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL) ;
ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow) ;
UpdateWindow (hwnd) ;
while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
	{
	TranslateMessage (&msg) ;
	DispatchMessage (&msg) ;
	}
return msg.wParam ;
}
void FillListBox(HWND hwndList){
	int iLength1;
	TCHAR *pVarBlock,*pVarBeg,*pVarEnd,*pVarName,*pVarBlock1;
	pVarBlock=pVarBlock1=GetEnvironmentStrings();
	while(*pVarBlock){
		if(*pVarBlock != '='){
			pVarBeg=pVarBlock;
			while(*pVarBlock++ != '=');
			pVarEnd=pVarBlock-1;
			iLength1=pVarEnd-pVarBeg;
			pVarName=(TCHAR*)calloc(iLength1+1,sizeof(TCHAR));
			CopyMemory(pVarName,pVarBeg,iLength1*sizeof(TCHAR));
			pVarName[iLength1]='\0';
			SendMessage(hwndList,LB_ADDSTRING,0,(LPARAM)pVarName);
			free(pVarName);
		}
		while(*pVarBlock++ != '\0');
	}
	FreeEnvironmentStrings(pVarBlock1);
	
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd,UINT message,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)  
{  
	static HWND hwndList,hwndText;
	int cxChar,cyChar;
	int iLength,iIndex;
	TCHAR *pVarName1,*pVar;
    switch(message){
	case WM_CREATE:
		cxChar=LOWORD(GetDialogBaseUnits());
		cyChar=HIWORD(GetDialogBaseUnits());
		hwndList=CreateWindow(TEXT("listbox"),NULL,
			WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | LBS_STANDARD,
			cxChar,3*cyChar,16*cxChar,cyChar*10,hwnd,
			(HMENU) ID_LISTBOX,(HINSTANCE) GetWindowLong(hwnd,GWL_HINSTANCE),NULL);
		hwndText=CreateWindow(TEXT("static"),NULL,WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SS_LEFT,
			cxChar,cyChar,GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN),cyChar,hwnd,
			(HMENU) ID_TEXTBOX,(HINSTANCE) GetWindowLong(hwnd,GWL_HINSTANCE),NULL);
		FillListBox(hwndList);
		
		return 0;
	case WM_SETFOCUS:
		SetFocus(hwndList);
		return 0;
	case WM_COMMAND:
		if(LOWORD(wParam)==ID_LISTBOX && HIWORD(wParam)==LBN_SELCHANGE){
			iIndex=SendMessage(hwndList,LB_GETCURSEL,0,0);
			iLength=SendMessage(hwndList,LB_GETTEXTLEN,iIndex,0)+1;
			pVarName1=(TCHAR*) calloc(iLength,sizeof(TCHAR));
			SendMessage(hwndList,LB_GETTEXT,iIndex,(LPARAM)pVarName1);
			iLength=GetEnvironmentVariable(pVarName1,NULL,0);
			pVar=(TCHAR*) calloc(iLength,sizeof(TCHAR));
			GetEnvironmentVariable(pVarName1,pVar,iLength);
			SetWindowText(hwndText,pVar);
			free (pVarName1);
			free (pVar);
			
		}
		return 0;
	case WM_DESTROY:
		PostQuitMessage(0);
		return 0;
	}
	return DefWindowProc(hwnd,message,wParam,lParam);
} 

笔者按照书中的代码调试（F5）总是出现

“ Windows 已在 ENVIRON1.exe 中触发一个断点。其原因可能是堆被损坏，这说明 ENVIRON1.exe 中或它所加载的任何 DLL 中有 Bug。。”

这个应该内存释放出现了问题，检查发现书中代码在

FreeEnvironmentStrings(pVarBlock);

有问题，因为pVarBlock在

while(*pVarBlock++ != '=');

while(*pVarBlock++ != '\0');

值已经改变了，不能利用该指针进行内存释放，本文中利用pVarBlock1进行内存的释放。

另注：

运行本程序时，总是出现“LINK : fatal error LNK1123: 转换到 COFF 期间失败: 文件无效或损坏”这个问题，网上已有解决方案：项目\属性\配置属性\清单工具\输入和输出\嵌入清单：原来是“是”，改成“否”。不过每次创建新项目总是要重新设置一遍。