vue 页面首次加载缓慢原因及解决方案，打包代码压缩Gzip，图片压缩

vue正常打包之后一些图片文件很大，使打包体积很大，通过image-webpack-loader插件可将大的图片进行压缩从而缩小打包体积

1.vue 页面首次加载缓慢原因及解决方案，及使用compression-webpack-plugin 进行打包代码压缩Gzip

npm install --save-dev compression-webpack-plugin@1.1.2

       productionSourceMap: false,//此处更改为false
        // https://webpack.js.org/configuration/devtool/#production
        devtool: '#source-map',

        // Gzip off by default as many popular static hosts such as
        // Surge or Netlify already gzip all static assets for you.
        // Before setting to `true`, make sure to:
        // npm uninstall --save-dev compression-webpack-plugin
        // npm install --save-dev compression-webpack-plugin
        // npm install --save-dev compression-webpack-plugin@1.1.2
        // productionGzip: false,
        productionGzip: true,//此处更改为true
        productionGzipExtensions: ['js', 'css'],

2.vue正常打包之后一些图片文件很大，使打包体积很大，通过image-webpack-loader插件可将大的图片进行压缩从而缩小打包体积

npm install image-webpack-loader --save-dev

在webpack.base.conf.js

    module: {
        rules: [{
                test: /\.vue$/,
                loader: 'vue-loader',
                options: vueLoaderConfig
            },
            {
                test: /\.js$/,
                loader: 'babel-loader',
                include: [resolve('src'), resolve('test'), resolve('node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client')]
            },
            {
            //此处更改
                test: /\.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)(\?.*)?$/,
                // loader: 'url-loader',
                // options: {
                // limit: 100000,
                // name: utils.assetsPath('img/[name].[hash:7].[ext]')
                // }
                loader: ['url-loader?limit=10000&name=' + utils.assetsPath('img/[name].[hash:7].[ext]'),
                    'image-webpack-loader'
                ]
            },
            {
                test: /\.(mp4|webm|ogg|mp3|wav|flac|aac)(\?.*)?$/,
                loader: 'url-loader',
                options: {
                    limit: 10000,
                    name: utils.assetsPath('media/[name].[hash:7].[ext]')
                }
            },
            {
                test: /\.(woff2?|eot|ttf|otf)(\?.*)?$/,
                loader: 'url-loader',
                options: {
                    limit: 10000,
                    name: utils.assetsPath('fonts/[name].[hash:7].[ext]')
                }
            },
            {
                test: /\.scss$/,
                loaders: ['style', 'css', 'sass']
            }
        ]
    },

在webpack.base.conf.js

'use strict'
const path = require('path')
const utils = require('./utils')
const config = require('../config')
const vueLoaderConfig = require('./vue-loader.conf')
const webpack = require("webpack");

function resolve(dir) {
    return path.join(__dirname, '..', dir)
}



module.exports = {
    context: path.resolve(__dirname, '../'),
    entry: {
        app: './src/main.js'
    },
    output: {
        path: config.build.assetsRoot,
        filename: '[name].js',
        publicPath: process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production' ?
            config.build.assetsPublicPath : config.dev.assetsPublicPath
    },
    resolve: {
        extensions: ['.js', '.vue', '.json'],
        alias: {
            'vue$': 'vue/dist/vue.esm.js',
            '@': resolve('src'),
        }
    },
    module: {
        rules: [{
                test: /\.vue$/,
                loader: 'vue-loader',
                options: vueLoaderConfig
            },
            {
                test: /\.js$/,
                loader: 'babel-loader',
                include: [resolve('src'), resolve('test'), resolve('node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client')]
            },
            {
                test: /\.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)(\?.*)?$/,
                // loader: 'url-loader',
                // options: {
                // limit: 100000,
                // name: utils.assetsPath('img/[name].[hash:7].[ext]')
                // }
                loader: ['url-loader?limit=10000&name=' + utils.assetsPath('img/[name].[hash:7].[ext]'),
                    'image-webpack-loader'
                ]
            },
            // {
            //     test: /\.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)(\?.*)?$/,
            //     loader: 'url-loader',
            //     options: {
            //         limit: 10000,
            //         name: utils.assetsPath('img/[name].[hash:7].[ext]')
            //     }
            // },
            {
                test: /\.(mp4|webm|ogg|mp3|wav|flac|aac)(\?.*)?$/,
                loader: 'url-loader',
                options: {
                    limit: 10000,
                    name: utils.assetsPath('media/[name].[hash:7].[ext]')
                }
            },
            {
                test: /\.(woff2?|eot|ttf|otf)(\?.*)?$/,
                loader: 'url-loader',
                options: {
                    limit: 10000,
                    name: utils.assetsPath('fonts/[name].[hash:7].[ext]')
                }
            },
            {
                test: /\.scss$/,
                loaders: ['style', 'css', 'sass']
            }
        ]
    },
    node: {
        // prevent webpack from injecting useless setImmediate polyfill because Vue
        // source contains it (although only uses it if it's native).
        setImmediate: false,
        // prevent webpack from injecting mocks to Node native modules
        // that does not make sense for the client
        dgram: 'empty',
        fs: 'empty',
        net: 'empty',
        tls: 'empty',
        child_process: 'empty'
    }

    ,
    plugins: [
        new webpack.ProvidePlugin({
            jQuery: "jquery",
            $: "jquery"
        })
    ]
}

在utils.js

'use strict'
const path = require('path')
const config = require('../config')
const ExtractTextPlugin = require('extract-text-webpack-plugin')
const packageConfig = require('../package.json')

exports.assetsPath = function (_path) {
  const assetsSubDirectory = process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production'
    ? config.build.assetsSubDirectory
    : config.dev.assetsSubDirectory

  return path.posix.join(assetsSubDirectory, _path)
}

exports.cssLoaders = function (options) {
  options = options || {}

  const cssLoader = {
    loader: 'css-loader',
    options: {
      sourceMap: options.sourceMap
    }
  }

  const postcssLoader = {
    loader: 'postcss-loader',
    options: {
      sourceMap: options.sourceMap
    }
  }

  // generate loader string to be used with extract text plugin
  function generateLoaders (loader, loaderOptions) {
    const loaders = options.usePostCSS ? [cssLoader, postcssLoader] : [cssLoader]

    if (loader) {
      loaders.push({
        loader: loader + '-loader',
        options: Object.assign({}, loaderOptions, {
          sourceMap: options.sourceMap
        })
      })
    }

    // Extract CSS when that option is specified
    // (which is the case during production build)
    if (options.extract) {
      return ExtractTextPlugin.extract({
        use: loaders,
        fallback: 'vue-style-loader',
        // 添加下面这行代码
        publicPath:'../../'
      })
    } else {
      return ['vue-style-loader'].concat(loaders)
    }
  }

  // https://vue-loader.vuejs.org/en/configurations/extract-css.html
  return {
    css: generateLoaders(),
    postcss: generateLoaders(),
    less: generateLoaders('less'),
    sass: generateLoaders('sass', { indentedSyntax: true }),
    scss: generateLoaders('sass'),
    stylus: generateLoaders('stylus'),
    styl: generateLoaders('stylus')
  }
}

// Generate loaders for standalone style files (outside of .vue)
exports.styleLoaders = function (options) {
  const output = []
  const loaders = exports.cssLoaders(options)

  for (const extension in loaders) {
    const loader = loaders[extension]
    output.push({
      test: new RegExp('\\.' + extension + '$'),
      use: loader
    })
  }

  return output
}

exports.createNotifierCallback = () => {
  const notifier = require('node-notifier')

  return (severity, errors) => {
    if (severity !== 'error') return

    const error = errors[0]
    const filename = error.file && error.file.split('!').pop()

    notifier.notify({
      title: packageConfig.name,
      message: severity + ': ' + error.name,
      subtitle: filename || '',
      icon: path.join(__dirname, 'logo.png')
    })
  }
}