如何判断一个静态库（.a文件）所支持的架构（平台）

问：

How do I determine the target architecture of static library (.a) on Mac OS X?

I'm interested in verifying if a given iPhone static library has been built for ARM or Intel.

Its more curiosity than anything. Is there some kind of Mac OS X or BSD specific tool to do this? Thispost gives an example in Linux.

方法1：

file will probably tell you. otool certainly should be able to. But I'd try file first, e.g.

<code style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Consolas, Menlo, Monaco, 'Lucida Console', 'Liberation Mono', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', monospace, serif;"><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">logan</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">:</span><span class="str" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(128, 0, 0);">/Users/</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">logan</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">%</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;"> file d2
d2</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">:</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;"> </span><span class="typ" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(43, 145, 175);">Mach</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">-</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">O executable ppc
</span></code>

Example with archive:

<code style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Consolas, Menlo, Monaco, 'Lucida Console', 'Liberation Mono', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', monospace, serif;"><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">logan</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">:</span><span class="str" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(128, 0, 0);">/Users/</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">logan</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">%</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;"> file </span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">/</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">usr</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">/</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">lib</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">/</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">libMallocDebug</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">.</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">a
</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">/</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">usr</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">/</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">lib</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">/</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">libMallocDebug</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">.</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">a</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">:</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;"> </span><span class="typ" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(43, 145, 175);">Mach</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">-</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">O universal binary </span><span class="kwd" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 0, 139);">with</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;"> </span><span class="lit" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(128, 0, 0);">2</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;"> architectures
</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">/</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">usr</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">/</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">lib</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">/</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">libMallocDebug</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">.</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">a </span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">(</span><span class="kwd" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 0, 139);">for</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;"> architecture i386</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">):</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">      current ar archive random library
</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">/</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">usr</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">/</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">lib</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">/</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">libMallocDebug</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">.</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">a </span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">(</span><span class="kwd" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 0, 139);">for</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;"> architecture ppc</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">):</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">       current ar archive</span></code>

方法2：

Another option is lipo, it's output is brief and more readable that otool's.

Example:

<code style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Consolas, Menlo, Monaco, 'Lucida Console', 'Liberation Mono', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', monospace, serif;"><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">%</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;"> lipo </span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">-</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">info </span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">/</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">usr</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">/</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">lib</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">/</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">libiodbc</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">.</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">a 
</span><span class="typ" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(43, 145, 175);">Architectures</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;"> </span><span class="kwd" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 0, 139);">in</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;"> the fat file</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">:</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;"> </span><span class="str" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(128, 0, 0);">/usr/</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">lib</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">/</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">libiodbc</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">.</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">a are</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">:</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;"> x86_64 i386 ppc
</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">%</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;"> lipo </span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">-</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">info libnonfatarchive</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">.</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">a
input file libnonfatarchive</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">.</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">a </span><span class="kwd" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 0, 139);">is</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;"> </span><span class="kwd" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 0, 139);">not</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;"> a fat file
</span><span class="typ" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(43, 145, 175);">Non</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">-</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">fat file</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">:</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;"> libnonfatarchive</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">.</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">a </span><span class="kwd" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 0, 139);">is</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;"> architecture</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">:</span><span class="pln" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;"> i386
</span><span class="pun" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: transparent;">%</span></code>

方法3：

As mentioned earlier, file does not always work. otool -hv is probably the closest thing that is guaranteed to work - it gives architecture information for every single object file in the library.

Example:

% otool -hv /sw/lib/libfftw3.a
Archive : /sw/lib/libfftw3.a
/sw/lib/libfftw3.a(align.o):
Mach header
      magic cputype cpusubtype  caps    filetype ncmds sizeofcmds      flags
MH_MAGIC_64  X86_64        ALL  0x00      OBJECT     3        336 SUBSECTIONS_VIA_SYMBOLS
/sw/lib/libfftw3.a(alloc.o):
Mach header
      magic cputype cpusubtype  caps    filetype ncmds sizeofcmds      flags
MH_MAGIC_64  X86_64        ALL  0x00      OBJECT     3        416 SUBSECTIONS_VIA_SYMBOLS