Linux C应用编程-6-网络通信

【零声教育】音视频开发进阶

于 2022-11-24 19:48:40 发布

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分类专栏：音视频开发程序员编程文章标签： linux c语言网络 ffmpeg c++

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/irainsa/article/details/128025348

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音视频开发同时被 3 个专栏收录

492 篇文章 51 订阅

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程序员

489 篇文章 14 订阅

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464 篇文章 13 订阅

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1.TCP通信

1）TCP进程服务器

/* server */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
//socket 所需的头文件
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>

#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <ctype.h>

//进程需要使用的头文件
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
//waitpid函数需要的头文件
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>

#define MAXLINE 80
#define SERV_PORT   8000


int main(void)
{
    struct sockaddr_in servaddr, cliaddr;   //socket 地址结构体 服务端和客户端地址
    socklen_t cliaddr_len;
    int listenfd, connfd;//文件描述符
    char buf[MAXLINE];
    char str[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
    int i,n;
    int status;
    
    pid_t pid;
    struct sigaction act_new;
    
    //创建流式套接字，即TCP socket
    listenfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if (listenfd == -1) {
        fprintf(stderr, "create socket\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    
    //初始化socket地址
    bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
    servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;//地址类型
    servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);//可监听任意ip地址
    servaddr.sin_port = htons(SERV_PORT);//可监听的网络端口
    //绑定地址与端口到套接字
    status = bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr) );
    if (status == -1) {
        fprintf(stderr, "bind\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    
    //设置socket为监听模式，最多允许有20个客户端处于连接待状态
    listen(listenfd, 20);
    if (status == -1) {
        fprintf(stderr, "listen\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    
    printf("Accepting connections ...\n");
    
    while (1) {
        cliaddr_len = sizeof(cliaddr);
        //服务端阻塞等待客户端连接
        connfd = accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&cliaddr, &cliaddr_len);
        
        //当有新的客户端连接时，fork出一个新进程来管理接收
        pid = fork();
        if (pid == -1) {
            perror("call to fork");
            exit(1);
        } else if (pid == 0) {
            //child
            close(listenfd);
            
            printf("connect to %s at PORT %d\n", inet_ntop(AF_INET, &cliaddr.sin_addr, str, sizeof(str)), ntohs(cliaddr.sin_port));
            
            while (1) {
                //通过文件描述符读取数据  阻塞等待
                n = read(connfd, buf, MAXLINE);
                if (n == 0) {
                    printf("disconnect to %s at PORT %d\n", inet_ntop(AF_INET, &cliaddr.sin_addr, str, sizeof(str)), ntohs(cliaddr.sin_port));
                    exit(0);
                }
                //客户端的端口是随机分配的
                printf("received from %s at PORT %d\n", inet_ntop(AF_INET, &cliaddr.sin_addr, str, sizeof(str)), ntohs(cliaddr.sin_port));
                
                for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                    buf[i] = toupper(buf[i]);//将小写变大写
                }
                //通过文件描述符写入数据
                write(connfd, buf, n);
            }
            close(connfd);
            
        } else {
            //parent
            
            close(connfd);
        }

    }
    
    close(listenfd);
}

2）TCP客户端

/* client */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
//socket 所需的头文件
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>

#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <ctype.h>

#define MAXLINE 80
#define SERV_PORT   8000

//将client改为交互式输入

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    struct sockaddr_in servaddr;
    char buf[MAXLINE];
    int sockfd; //文件描述符
    int n;
    
    //创建流式套接字，即TCP socket
    sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if (sockfd == -1) {
        fprintf(stderr, "create socket\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    
    //初始化socket地址
    bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
    servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &servaddr.sin_addr);
    servaddr.sin_port = htons(SERV_PORT);
    
    //客户端请求连接服务器
    connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
    
    while (1) {
        if (fgets(buf, MAXLINE, stdin) != NULL) {
            //通过文件描述符写入数据 
            write(sockfd, buf, strlen(buf));
            
            //通过文件描述符读取数据  阻塞等待
            n = read(sockfd, buf, MAXLINE);
            if (n == 0) {
                printf("the other side has been closed.\n");
            } else {
                printf("Response from server:\n");
                write(STDOUT_FILENO, buf, n);
            }
        }
    }

    close(sockfd);
    
    return 0;
}

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2.UDP通信

1）UDP服务器

/* server */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
//socket 所需的头文件
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>

#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <ctype.h>

#define MAXLINE 80
#define SERV_PORT 8000

int main(void)
{
    struct sockaddr_in servaddr, cliaddr;   //socket 地址结构体 服务端和客户端地址
    socklen_t cliaddr_len;
    int sockfd;//文件描述符
    char buf[MAXLINE];
    char str[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
    int i,n;
    int status;
    
    //创建块式套接字，即UDP socket
    sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
    if (sockfd == -1) {
        fprintf(stderr, "create socket\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    
    //初始化socket地址
    bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
    servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;//地址类型
    servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);//可监听任意ip地址
    servaddr.sin_port = htons(SERV_PORT);//可监听的网络端口
    //绑定地址与端口到套接字
    status = bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr) );
    if (status == -1) {
        fprintf(stderr, "bind\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    
    printf("Accepting connections ...\n");
    
    while (1) {
        cliaddr_len = sizeof(cliaddr);
        //阻塞等待客户端数据到来
        n = recvfrom(sockfd, buf, MAXLINE, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&cliaddr, &cliaddr_len);
        if (n == -1) {
            fprintf(stderr, "recvfrom error\n");
            exit(1);
        }
        printf("received from %s at PORT %d\n", inet_ntop(AF_INET, &cliaddr.sin_addr, str, sizeof(str)), ntohs(cliaddr.sin_port));
            
        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            buf[i] = toupper(buf[i]);//小写字母转大写
        }
        
        n = sendto(sockfd, buf, n, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&cliaddr, sizeof(cliaddr));
        if (n == -1) {
            fprintf(stderr, "sendto error\n");
            exit(1);
        }
    }
    
}

2）UDP客户端

/* client */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
//socket 所需的头文件
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>

#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <ctype.h>

#define MAXLINE 80
#define SERV_PORT 8000

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    struct sockaddr_in servaddr;
    int sockfd, n;
    char buf[MAXLINE];
    char str[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
    socklen_t servaddr_len;
    
    //创建UDP socket
    sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);

    bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
    servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &servaddr.sin_addr);
    servaddr.sin_port = htons(SERV_PORT);
    
    while (1) {
        if (fgets(buf, MAXLINE, stdin) != NULL) {
            //通过文件描述符发送数据
            n = sendto(sockfd, buf, strlen(buf), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
            if (n == -1) {
                fprintf(stderr, "sendto error\n");
                exit(1);
            }
            
            //通过文件描述符接收数据
            n = recvfrom(sockfd, buf, MAXLINE, 0, NULL, 0);
            if (n == -1) {
                fprintf(stderr, "recvfrom error\n");
                exit(1);
            }
            
            write(STDOUT_FILENO, buf, n);

        }
    }
    close(sockfd);
    
    return 0;
}