C++ 获取变量名称 & 获取类型的名称

[size=x-large][color=blue]1、获取变量名称[/color][/size]
[size=large]采用如下宏定义即可，这个宏定义将表达式x直接转换为对应的字符串：[/size]

#define  varName(x) #x
#define  printExp(exp) cout<<#exp<<"为:\t\t"<<(exp)<<endl  //这样就方便调试了，不用一个个的写变量名称了

[size=large]用法：[/size]

cout<<varName(aInt)<<endl; \\输出为：  aInt

[size=x-large][color=blue]2、获取类型名称[/color][/size]
[size=large]采用如下宏定义即可，这个宏定义将表达式x直接转换为对应的字符串：[/size]

//可能需要#include <typeinfo>  好像不引用也成
cout<<typeid(int).name()<<endl;

[size=large]更多的用法见最后的程序；
[color=red]先看一下输出：[/color]
[/size]
[img]http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/0078/1151/2b36910b-b1b7-3540-aef8-c3ab9e34e16d.png[/img]
[size=x-large][color=blue]3、参考的网址[/color][/size]
1、[url]http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/typeinfo/type_info/[/url]
2、[url]http://bbs.csdn.net/topics/380019977[/url]

[color=red][size=x-large]4、完整的程序:[/size][/color]

#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
using namespace std;

#define  varName(x) #x
#define  printExp(exp) cout<<#exp<<"为:\t\t"<<(exp)<<endl
#define  printExpToString(exp) cout<<(string(#exp)+"为:\t\t") <<(exp).toString()<<endl  //注意exp加个括号更安全

namespace LC {
template<typename T> class Base {
public:
   virtual  string toString() {
        stringstream ss;
        ss<<typeid(*this).name();
        return ss.str();
    }

     Base operator+ (int a){
		 return *this;
	}
};

template<typename T> class Derived:public Base<T> {
public:
      virtual string toString() {
        stringstream ss;
        ss<<typeid(*this).name();
        return ss.str();
    }
};
}

typedef LC::Base<double> BaseDouble;

typedef LC::Derived<int> DerivedInt;

void main() {
	int aInt=1;
	printExp(aInt);  
	printExp(typeid(int).name());
	printExp(typeid(aInt).name());
	cout<<"变量名称为：  "<<varName(aInt)<<endl;

	cout<<endl;
	BaseDouble base;
	printExpToString(base);
	printExpToString(base+5+4);  //若宏定义中exp不加括号就无法编译了！！！
	printExpToString((LC::Base<int>)DerivedInt());

	cout<<endl;
	DerivedInt derived;
	LC::Base<int>* pBase=&derived;
	LC::Base<int>  baseCast=derived;
	printExpToString(*pBase);
	printExpToString(derived);
	printExpToString(baseCast);

	printExp(typeid(*pBase)==typeid(derived));
	printExp(typeid(baseCast)==typeid(derived));
}