PHP内核研究之类的成员属性和方法

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上一章讲到类的实现

这一篇要详细讲讲PHP类的成员属性及方法.
上一篇中曾经介绍到zend_do_begin_class_declaration这个函数,它用来创建并初始化一个zend_class_entry
类的所有信息都保存在这个结构中,那么 属性和方法是怎么保存的呢?
class Person{ public $name; }



还记得上一篇说过的zend_initialize_class_data函数吗?不记得也没关系.我们仔细来瞧瞧这个函数
zend_initialize_class_data(new_class_entry, 1 TSRMLS_CC);<!--more-->
ZEND_API void zend_initialize_class_data(zend_class_entry *ce, zend_bool nullify_handlers TSRMLS_DC) /* {{{ */ { zend_bool persistent_hashes = (ce->type == ZEND_INTERNAL_CLASS) ? 1 : 0; dtor_func_t zval_ptr_dtor_func = ((persistent_hashes) ? ZVAL_INTERNAL_PTR_DTOR : ZVAL_PTR_DTOR); ce->refcount = 1; ce->constants_updated = 0; ce->ce_flags = 0; ce->doc_comment = NULL; ce->doc_comment_len = 0; zend_hash_init_ex(&ce->default_properties, 0, NULL, zval_ptr_dtor_func, persistent_hashes, 0); zend_hash_init_ex(&ce->properties_info, 0, NULL, (dtor_func_t) (persistent_hashes ? zend_destroy_property_info_internal : zend_destroy_property_info), persistent_hashes, 0); zend_hash_init_ex(&ce->default_static_members, 0, NULL, zval_ptr_dtor_func, persistent_hashes, 0); zend_hash_init_ex(&ce->constants_table, 0, NULL, zval_ptr_dtor_func, persistent_hashes, 0); zend_hash_init_ex(&ce->function_table, 0, NULL, ZEND_FUNCTION_DTOR, persistent_hashes, 0); if (ce->type == ZEND_INTERNAL_CLASS) { #ifdef ZTS int n = zend_hash_num_elements(CG(class_table)); if (CG(static_members) && n >= CG(last_static_member)) { /* Support for run-time declaration: dl() */ CG(last_static_member) = n+1; CG(static_members) = realloc(CG(static_members), (n+1)*sizeof(HashTable*)); CG(static_members)[n] = NULL; } ce->static_members = (HashTable*)(zend_intptr_t)n; #else ce->static_members = NULL; #endif } else { ce->static_members = &ce->default_static_members; } if (nullify_handlers) { ce->constructor = NULL; ce->destructor = NULL; ce->clone = NULL; ce->__get = NULL; ce->__set = NULL; ce->__unset = NULL; ce->__isset = NULL; ce->__call = NULL; ce->__callstatic = NULL; ce->__tostring = NULL; ce->create_object = NULL; ce->get_iterator = NULL; ce->iterator_funcs.funcs = NULL; ce->interface_gets_implemented = NULL; ce->get_static_method = NULL; ce->parent = NULL; ce->num_interfaces = 0; ce->interfaces = NULL; ce->module = NULL; ce->serialize = NULL; ce->unserialize = NULL; ce->serialize_func = NULL; ce->unserialize_func = NULL; ce->builtin_functions = NULL; } }

zend_bool persistent_hashes = (ce->type == ZEND_INTERNAL_CLASS) ? 1 : 0;
普通用户类与内部类 分配内存的方式不同....为什么会有区别呢???我还没来得及研究哦..^.^
注意看13-16行.
zend_hash_init_ex(&ce->default_properties, 0, NULL, zval_ptr_dtor_func, persistent_hashes, 0);
zend_hash_init_ex(&ce->default_static_members, 0, NULL, zval_ptr_dtor_func, persistent_hashes, 0);
zend_hash_init_ex(&ce->constants_table, 0, NULL, zval_ptr_dtor_func, persistent_hashes, 0);
zend_hash_init_ex(&ce->function_table, 0, NULL, ZEND_FUNCTION_DTOR, persistent_hashes, 0);
如果你看过之前的文章,那么你肯定知道这是在初始化HashTable.
是的..确实是这样,
default_properties,default_static_members等都是HashTable类型的指针.所以初始化当然要zend_hash_init了.
第36-61行初始化魔术方法
不过这里只是初始化哦..好像并没有设置属性.$name属性是如何添加到属性表里的呢???
unticked_class_declaration_statement: class_entry_type T_STRING extends_from { zend_do_begin_class_declaration(&$1, &$2, &$3 TSRMLS_CC); } implements_list '{' class_statement_list '}' { zend_do_end_class_declaration(&$1, &$2 TSRMLS_CC); } | interface_entry T_STRING { zend_do_begin_class_declaration(&$1, &$2, NULL TSRMLS_CC); } interface_extends_list '{' class_statement_list '}' { zend_do_end_class_declaration(&$1, &$2 TSRMLS_CC); } ; class_statement: variable_modifiers { CG(access_type) = Z_LVAL($1.u.constant); } class_variable_declaration ';' | class_constant_declaration ';' | method_modifiers function is_reference T_STRING { zend_do_begin_function_declaration(&$2, &$4, 1, $3.op_type, &$1 TSRMLS_CC); } '(' parameter_list ')' method_body { zend_do_abstract_method(&$4, &$1, &$9 TSRMLS_CC); zend_do_end_function_declaration(&$2 TSRMLS_CC); } ; class_variable_declaration: class_variable_declaration ',' T_VARIABLE { zend_do_declare_property(&$3, NULL, CG(access_type) TSRMLS_CC); } | class_variable_declaration ',' T_VARIABLE '=' static_scalar { zend_do_declare_property(&$3, &$5, CG(access_type) TSRMLS_CC); } | T_VARIABLE { zend_do_declare_property(&$1, NULL, CG(access_type) TSRMLS_CC); } | T_VARIABLE '=' static_scalar { zend_do_declare_property(&$1, &$3, CG(access_type) TSRMLS_CC); } ;

这个还记得吧?
类初始化成功后类里面的东西当然要执行class_statement_list这个啦..^.^
类体里会调用 zend_do_declare_property处理.
void zend_do_declare_property(const znode *var_name, const znode *value, zend_uint access_type TSRMLS_DC) /* {{{ */ { zval *property; zend_property_info *existing_property_info; char *comment = NULL; int comment_len = 0; if (CG(active_class_entry)->ce_flags & ZEND_ACC_INTERFACE) { zend_error(E_COMPILE_ERROR, "Interfaces may not include member variables"); } if (access_type & ZEND_ACC_ABSTRACT) { zend_error(E_COMPILE_ERROR, "Properties cannot be declared abstract"); } if (access_type & ZEND_ACC_FINAL) { zend_error(E_COMPILE_ERROR, "Cannot declare property %s::$%s final, the final modifier is allowed only for methods and classes", CG(active_class_entry)->name, var_name->u.constant.value.str.val); } if (zend_hash_find(&CG(active_class_entry)->properties_info, var_name->u.constant.value.str.val, var_name->u.constant.value.str.len+1, (void **) &existing_property_info)==SUCCESS) { if (!(existing_property_info->flags & ZEND_ACC_IMPLICIT_PUBLIC)) { zend_error(E_COMPILE_ERROR, "Cannot redeclare %s::$%s", CG(active_class_entry)->name, var_name->u.constant.value.str.val); } } ALLOC_ZVAL(property); if (value) { *property = value->u.constant; } else { INIT_PZVAL(property); Z_TYPE_P(property) = IS_NULL; } if (CG(doc_comment)) { comment = CG(doc_comment); comment_len = CG(doc_comment_len); CG(doc_comment) = NULL; CG(doc_comment_len) = 0; } zend_declare_property_ex(CG(active_class_entry), var_name->u.constant.value.str.val, var_name->u.constant.value.str.len, property, access_type, comment, comment_len TSRMLS_CC); efree(var_name->u.constant.value.str.val); }

第8-25行:
如果你的类声明的是接口.那么该接口是不能有属性的 会抛出Interfaces may not include member variables
如果类的属性被设置为abstract,那么会抛出Properties cannot be declared abstract
如果类的属性被设置为final,那么会抛出Cannot declare property %s::$%s final, the final modifier is allowed only for methods and classes
一切没有问题,会分配一个zval的数据,
如果属性有初始值,那么该数据会分配给zval,如果没有,则调用INIT_PZVAL初始化zval,并设置类型为IS_NULL;
最后会调用zend_declare_property_ex将该zval添加到指定的active_class_entry中
<strong>类的方法</strong>
[php]
class Person{
public function test(){
echo 1;
}
}
[/php]
如果是方法呢??是怎么处理的?
先看规则
class_statement: variable_modifiers { CG(access_type) = Z_LVAL($1.u.constant); } class_variable_declaration ';' | class_constant_declaration ';' | method_modifiers function is_reference T_STRING { zend_do_begin_function_declaration(&$2, &$4, 1, $3.op_type, &$1 TSRMLS_CC); } '(' parameter_list ')' method_body { zend_do_abstract_method(&$4, &$1, &$9 TSRMLS_CC); zend_do_end_function_declaration(&$2 TSRMLS_CC); }

第一个是属性,那么第三个就是就是方法啦..
zend_do_begin_function_declaration眼熟吗?
如果看过之前的文章,肯定眼熟
如果没有看过.先去看看这篇文章.<a href="http://imsiren.com/archives/295"> 函数的定义</a>
这里就不详细讲了.
只说说在那篇没提到的内容
在这个函数中 有一个判断
if (is_method) { if (CG(active_class_entry)->ce_flags & ZEND_ACC_INTERFACE) { if ((Z_LVAL(fn_flags_znode->u.constant) & ~(ZEND_ACC_STATIC|ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC))) { zend_error(E_COMPILE_ERROR, "Access type for interface method %s::%s() must be omitted", CG(active_class_entry)->name, function_name->u.constant.value.str.val); } Z_LVAL(fn_flags_znode->u.constant) |= ZEND_ACC_ABSTRACT; /* propagates to the rest of the parser */ } fn_flags = Z_LVAL(fn_flags_znode->u.constant); /* must be done *after* the above check */ } else { fn_flags = 0; }

很明显,如果是方法 ,那么才会进去处理
3-5行 :
如果你把接口类的属性设置为private私有或受保护的.那么就会抛出Access type for interface method %s::%s() must be omitted
然后会调用
if (zend_hash_add(&CG(active_class_entry)->function_table, lcname, name_len+1, &op_array, sizeof(zend_op_array), (void **) &CG(active_op_array)) == FAILURE) {
zend_error(E_COMPILE_ERROR, "Cannot redeclare %s::%s()", CG(active_class_entry)->name, name);
}
直接把方法添加到function_table里.

下面会根据不同的类声明做不同的判断.

原文出处:原创:PHP内核研究之类的成员属性和方法