1、操作系统版本和LVS等软件版本:
3、注意事项:
4、网络拓补图:
9、BACKUP机器上与MASTER机器的差别:
12、如果采用JBoss作为LVS的WebServer:
CentOS6 (Linux Kernel 2.6.32-71.el6.i686)
ipvsadm 1.2.4
keepalived 1.1.17
2、需要的IP配置:
LVS Master IP:10.0.0.5
LVS Backup IP:10.0.0.6
RealServer IP:10.0.0.7、10.0.0.5(兼)、10.0.0.6(兼)
NetGetway IP:10.0.0.1
虚拟IP(VIP):10.0.0.2
3、注意事项:
CentOS6 安装选择开发工作站模式
防火墙都关闭(因为业务机器前端有专用的防火墙,如果没有,那么Master也可兼)
4、网络拓补图:
5、ipvsadm和keepalived安装:
[root@RServer2 /]#mkdir /soft
[root@RServer2 /]#cd /soft
[root@RServer2 soft]# wget http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/software/kernel-2.6/ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz
[root@RServer2 soft]# wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.1.17.tar.gz
[root@RServer2 soft]#ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-71.el6.i686/ /usr/src/linux
[root@RServer2 soft]# tar -zxvf ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz
[root@RServer2 soft]# cd ipvsadm-1.24
[root@RServer2 ipvsadm-1.24]# make;make install
[root@RServer2 ipvsadm-1.24]# cd ..
[root@RServer2 soft]# tar -zxvf keepalived-1.1.17.tar.gz
[root@RServer2 soft]# cd keepalived-1.1.17
[root@RServer2 soft]# ./configure
[root@RServer2 keepalived-1.1.17]# make;make install
顺利的话就这些步骤了,如果出现错误提示,那么根据具体的错误具体处理,一般可能出现的错误:
1)、OpenSSL,提示可能如下
!!! OpenSSL is not properly installed on your system. !!!
!!! Can not include OpenSSL headers files.
解决方案:运行yum -y installopenssl-devel
2)、提示没有gcc编译器
解决方案:运行yum installncurses-devel gcc gcc-c++ make rpm-build
[root@RServer2 keepalived-1.1.17]# cp /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/keepalived
[root@RServer2 keepalived-1.1.17]# cp /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
[root@RServer2 keepalived-1.1.17]# cp /usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
[root@RServer2 keepalived-1.1.17]# mkdir -p /etc/keepalived/
[root@RServer2 keepalived-1.1.17]# cp /usr/local/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
[root@RServer2 keepalived-1.1.17]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived
6、编辑LVS Master机器上的/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf:
打开编辑器,比如VI或是gedit
/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf的内容如下,自己修改程序要的内容。
#Master服务器上的配置 /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs {
notification_email {
leekexi@gmail.com #可以多个地址
}
notification_email_from leekexi@gmail.com
smtp_server smtp.gmail.com
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
#监测ipvsadm进程状态,每3秒执行一次
vrrp_script chk_ipvsadm{
script "/usr/local/keepalived/chk_ipvsadm.sh"
interval 3
weight 3
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER #标示状态为MASTER 备份机为BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100 #MASTER权重要高于BACKUP 比如BACKUP为99
advert_int 1
#mcast_src_ip 10.0.0.5 #Master服务器IP,如果是备份机请填写备份机的IP
authentication {
auth_type PASS #主从服务器验证方式
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.0.0.2 #可以多个虚拟IP,换行即可
}
}
#虚拟服务器 21端口的配置
virtual_server 10.0.0.2 21 {
delay_loop 6 #(每隔10秒查询realserver状态)
lb_algo rr #(lvs 算法)
lb_kind DR #(Direct Route)
persistence_timeout 60 #(同一IP的连接60秒内被分配到同一台realserver)
protocol TCP #(用TCP协议检查realserver状态)
#实际服务器的IP和端口
real_server 10.0.0.5 21 {
weight 5
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 21
}
}
#实际服务器的IP和端口
real_server 10.0.0.6 21 {
weight 5
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 21
}
}
}
#虚拟服务器 80端口的配置
virtual_server 10.0.0.2 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
protocol TCP
real_server 10.0.0.5 80 {
weight 5
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
real_server 10.0.0.6 80 {
weight 5
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
}
#虚拟服务器 83端口的配置
virtual_server 10.0.0.2 83 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
protocol TCP
real_server 10.0.0.5 83 {
weight 5
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 83
}
}
real_server 10.0.0.6 83 {
weight 5
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 83
}
}
}
7、编辑LVS Master机器上的/usr/local/keepalived/chk_ipvsadm.sh:
/usr/local/keepalived/chk_ipvsadm.sh文件的作用大家从keepalived.conf中可以看得出来,主要的作用就是确认ipvsadm是否处于运行转载,器内容如下:
#!/bin/bash
#
# author: likexi
# description: /usr/local/keepalived/chk_ipvsadm.sh
# 定时查看ipvsadm是否存在,如果不存在则启动ipvsadm,
# 如果启动失败,则停止keepalived
#
status=$(ps aux|grep ipvsadm | grep -v grep | grep -v bash | wc -l)
if [ "${status}" = "0" ]; then
service ipvsadm start
status2=$(ps aux|grep ipvsadm | grep -v grep | grep -v bash |wc -l)
if [ "${status2}" = "0" ]; then
/etc/init.d/keepalived stop
fi
fi
8、编辑LVS Master机器上的/etc/init.d/lvs_server.sh:
#!/bin/bash
#把一下内容保存成:lvs_server.sh
#并放置在/etc/init.d目录下
#如果想启动LVS Server执行:/etc/init.d/lvs_server.sh start
#如果想停止LVS Server执行:/etc/init.d/lvs_server.sh stop
#如果想重启LVS Server执行:/etc/init.d/lvs_server.sh restart
GW=10.0.0.1 # NetGetway
VIP=10.0.0.2 #虚拟IP,更具具体情况而变
#有几个输入几个,与下面的配置对应,同时必须与KeepAlived.config配置对应
RIP1=10.0.0.5 #实际的服务器IP
RIP2=10.0.0.6 #实际的服务器IP
RIP3=10.0.0.7 #实际的服务器IP
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # 如果提示权限不够,那么先在命令行执行: chmod 777 /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
case "$1" in
start)
echo "ipvsadm start..."
#清空 IPVS的内存数据
/sbin/ipvsadm -C
/sbin/ipvsadm --set 30 5 60
#设置虚拟IP和同步参数
/sbin/ifconfig eth0:0 $VIP broadcast $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 up
/sbin/route add -host $VIP dev lo:0
#设置LVS
#开启FTP 21 端口服务,并指向RIP1和RIP2的服务器
/sbin/ipvsadm -A -t $VIP:21 -s rr
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:21 -r $RIP1:21 -g
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:21 -r $RIP2:21 -g
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:21 -r $RIP3:21 -g
#开启FTP 20 端口服务,并指向RIP1和RIP2的服务器
/sbin/ipvsadm -A -t $VIP:83 -s rr
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:83 -r $RIP1:83 -g
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:83 -r $RIP2:83 -g
#开启WEB 80 端口服务,并指向RIP1和RIP2的服务器
/sbin/ipvsadm -A -t $VIP:80 -s rr
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:80 -r $RIP1:80 -g
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:80 -r $RIP2:80 -g
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:80 -r $RIP3:80 -g
touch /var/lock/subsys/ipvsadm >/dev/null 2>&1
# set Arp
/sbin/arping -I eth0 -c 5 -s $VIP $GW >/dev/null 2>&1
#运行LVS
/sbin/ipvsadm -ln
;;
stop)
/sbin/ipvsadm -C
/sbin/ipvsadm -Z
ifconfig eth0:0 down
route del $VIP >/dev/null 2>&1
rm -rf /var/lock/subsys/ipvsadm >/dev/null 2>&1
/sbin/arping -I eth0 -c 5 -s $VIP $GW
echo "ipvsadm stoped"
;;
restart)
/sbin/ipvsadm -C
/sbin/ipvsadm -Z
ifconfig eth0:0 down
route del $VIP >/dev/null 2>&1
rm -rf /var/lock/subsys/ipvsadm >/dev/null 2>&1
/sbin/arping -I eth0 -c 5 -s $VIP $GW
echo "ipvsadm stoped"
echo "ipvsadm start..."
#清空 IPVS的内存数据
/sbin/ipvsadm -C
/sbin/ipvsadm --set 30 5 60
#设置虚拟IP和同步参数
/sbin/ifconfig eth0:0 $VIP broadcast $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 up
/sbin/route add -host $VIP dev lo:0
#设置LVS
#开启FTP 21 端口服务,并指向RIP1和RIP2的服务器
/sbin/ipvsadm -A -t $VIP:21 -s rr
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:21 -r $RIP1:21 -g
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:21 -r $RIP2:21 -g
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:21 -r $RIP3:21 -g
#开启FTP 20 端口服务,并指向RIP1和RIP2的服务器
/sbin/ipvsadm -A -t $VIP:83 -s rr
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:83 -r $RIP1:83 -g
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:83 -r $RIP2:83 -g
#开启WEB 80 端口服务,并指向RIP1和RIP2的服务器
/sbin/ipvsadm -A -t $VIP:80 -s rr
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:80 -r $RIP1:80 -g
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:80 -r $RIP2:80 -g
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:80 -r $RIP3:80 -g
touch /var/lock/subsys/ipvsadm >/dev/null 2>&1
# set Arp
/sbin/arping -I eth0 -c 5 -s $VIP $GW >/dev/null 2>&1
#运行LVS
/sbin/ipvsadm -ln
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
exit 1
esac
9、BACKUP机器上与MASTER机器的差别:
BACKUP的安装和Master的安装基本一致,只是一些参数略有变化。
变化的参数如下:
1、keepalived.conf文件中
原:state MASTER #标示状态为MASTER 备份机为BACKUP
state BACKUP #标示状态改为BACKUP
原:priority 100 #MASTER权重要高于BACKUP 比如BACKUP为99
priority 99 #MASTER权重要高于BACKUP,MASTER为100,那么BACKUP略小于,比如99
原:mcast_src_ip 192.168.20.101 #Master服务器IP,如果是备份机请填写备份机的IP
mcast_src_ip 192.168.20.100 #换成BACKUP服务器IP
10、编辑每台Real Server机器上的/etc/sysctl.conf:
#在原来的基础上修改一行数据和添加四行数据
# Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux
#
# For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and
# sysctl.conf(5) for more details.
# Controls IP packet forwarding
#从0 改为 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
# Controls source route verification
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
# Do not accept source routing
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
# Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel
kernel.sysrq = 0
# Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename.
# Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications.
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
#添加的4句
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2
# Controls the use of TCP syncookies
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
# Disable netfilter on bridges.
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0
11、编辑每台Real Server机器上的/etc/init.d/lvs_real_server.sh:
所有的Real Server配置一样,这里仅限Linux版本系统的机器,对于Window版本的机器,请另行查询资料:
#!/bin/bash
#把一下内容保存成:lvs_real_server.sh
#并放置在/etc/init.d目录下
#如果想启动LVS Real Server执行:/etc/init.d/lvs_real_server.sh start
#如果想停止LVS Real Server执行:/etc/init.d/lvs_real_server.sh stop
#如果想查看LVS Real Server状态:/etc/init.d/lvs_real_server.sh stop
VIP=10.0.0.2
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # 如果提示权限不够,那么先在命令行执行: chmod 777 /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
case "$1" in
start)
ifconfig lo:0 $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $VIP
/sbin/route add -host $VIP dev lo:0
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1
echo "RealServer Start OK"
;;
stop)
ifconfig lo:0 down
route del $VIP >/dev/null 2>&1
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo "RealServer Stoped"
;;
status)
#Status of LVS-DR real server.
islothere=`/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 | grep $VIP`
isrothere=`netstat -rn | grep "lo:0" | grep $VIP`
if [ ! "$islothere" -o ! "isrothere" ];then
# Either the route or the lo:0 device
# not found.
echo "LVS-DR real server Stopped."
else
echo "LVS-DR Running."
fi
;;
*)
#Invalid entry.
echo "$0: Usage: $0 {start|status|stop}"
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
12、如果采用JBoss作为LVS的WebServer:
Jboss作为LVS的WebServer时需要做一些简单的配置
对于standalone运行模式的Jboss,只需在standalone.xml配置文件修改如下内容:
<interfaces>
<interface name="management">
<inet-address value="${jboss.bind.address.management:127.0.0.1}"/>
</interface>
<interface name="public">
<inet-address value="${jboss.bind.address:127.0.0.1}"/>
</interface>
<interface name="any">
<any-address/>
</interface>
</interfaces>
<socket-binding-group name="standard-sockets" default-interface="any">
<socket-binding name="http" port="80"/>
<socket-binding name="https" port="443"/>
<socket-binding name="jmx-connector-registry" interface="management" port="1090"/>
<socket-binding name="jmx-connector-server" interface="management" port="1091"/>
<socket-binding name="jndi" port="1099"/>
<socket-binding name="osgi-http" interface="management" port="8090"/>
<socket-binding name="remoting" port="4447"/>
<socket-binding name="txn-recovery-environment" port="4712"/>
<socket-binding name="txn-status-manager" port="4713"/>
</socket-binding-group>
13、LVS群集系统维护命令:
如果发现无权执行以下的文件,只需在对应的文件上执行:chmod 命令
比如:要修改/etc/init.d/lvs_server.sh文件为任何人可执行那么执行的命令:
[root@RServer2 /]#chmod 777 /etc/init.d/lvs_server.sh
其他文件一样的方式修改。
1)、ipvsadm维护
启动:/etc/init.d/lvs_server.sh start
停止:/etc/init.d/lvs_server.sh stop
重启:/etc/init.d/lvs_server.sh restart
2)、keepAlived维护
启动:/etc/init.d/keepalived start
停止:/etc/init.d/keepalived stop
重启:/etc/init.d/keepalived restart
3)、real server 维护
只需运行一次的命令:/etc/sysctl -p
启动:/etc/init.d/lvs_real_server.sh start
停止:/etc/init.d/lvs_real_server.sh stop
4)、Jboss维护
后台运行模式:/jboss/bin/standalone.sh &
exit(退出控制台,但是Jboss继续运行)
前台运行模式:/jboss/bin/standalone.sh
关闭Jboss: ps aux | grep jboss
kill 对应的线程号