讨论AspectJ之target、this、within关键字差异性

今天学习了一下AspectJ，查看了官方文档，查阅了很多其他技术博客，发现大部分人对关键字target、this、within之间差异不是特别清楚，所以引入本文来详细讨论它们之间的区别。特别介绍http://blog.csdn.net/zl3450341/article/details/7673979此文，本片验证思路来源于此并做了扩充说明。

 

1.首先，AspectJ官方怎么描述这三个关键字：

this(SomeType)：when the object currently executing (i.e. this) is of type SomeType

当前执行对象是否是某种类型

target(SomeType)：when the target object is of type SomeType

目标对象是否是某种类型

within(MyClass)：when the executing code belongs to class MyClass

当前执行代码是否属于某个类

此处需要注意的是"对象是否是某种类型"A和“执行代码属于某个类的区别”B，描述A应该具有面向对象特性(继承)。

 

2.其次，关于call与execution两个关键字

execution(void Point.setX(int))：when a particular method body executes

当特定方法体执行时

call(void Point.setX(int))：when a method is called

当一个方法被调用时

此处不同的切点类型对后面使用this与within时的语义理解有影响

 

3.测试验证

基础类

public interface Animal

{

    public void move();

}

 

public class Snake implements Animal

{

 

    @Override

    public void move()

    {

        System.out.println("snake is crawling.");

        System.out.println();

    }

}

 

public class Bird implements Animal

{

 

    @Override

    public void move()

    {

        System.out.println("bird is flying.");

        System.out.println();

    }

}

 

public class TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

{

    private List<Animal> animals = new ArrayList<Animal>();

 

    @Before

    public void setUp()

    {

        animals.clear();

        animals.add(new Bird());

        animals.add(new Snake());

    }

 

    public void move()

    {

        for (Animal a : animals)

        {

            a.move();

        }

    }

 

    @Test

    public void testDifferent()

    {

        move();

    }

}

 

AspectJ相关

public aspect AspectDifferent

{

 pointcut moveCall():call(public void move()) 

 pointcut moveExecution():execution(public void move())

 

before() :moveCall()

    {

        System.out.println();

        System.out.println("thisJoinPoint:" + thisJoinPoint);

        System.out.println("Kind:" + thisJoinPoint.getKind());

        System.out.println("Target:" + thisJoinPoint.getTarget().getClass());

        System.out.println("This:" + thisJoinPoint.getThis().getClass());

        System.out.println("SourceLineNumber:" + thisJoinPoint.getSourceLocation());

    }

 

before() :moveExecution()

    {

        System.out.println();

        System.out.println("thisJoinPoint:" + thisJoinPoint);

        System.out.println("Kind:" + thisJoinPoint.getKind());

        System.out.println("Target:" + thisJoinPoint.getTarget().getClass());

        System.out.println("This:" + thisJoinPoint.getThis().getClass());

        System.out.println("SourceLineNumber:" + thisJoinPoint.getSourceLocation());

    }

} 

 

4.测试结果（有点多，看起来有点花眼，请仔细看target object与this object的信息，特别是使用call与execution对this的影响）：

 

1 pointcut moveCall():call(public void move());拦截到的方法数为3

切点语义描述：所有调用公开的没有返回值的名为move的方法

输出结果：

thisJoinPoint:call(void aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin.move())

Kind:method-call

Target:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

This:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

 

thisJoinPoint:call(void aspectJ.Animal.move())

Kind:method-call

Target:class aspectJ.Bird

This:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

bird is flying.

 

thisJoinPoint:call(void aspectJ.Animal.move())

Kind:method-call

Target:class aspectJ.Snake

This:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

snake is crawling.

 

2 pointcut moveCall():call(public void move()) && target(Animal);方法数2

语义描述：所有调用公开的没有返回值的名为move的方法并且目标对象是Animal类型

输出结果：

thisJoinPoint:call(void aspectJ.Animal.move())

Kind:method-call

Target:class aspectJ.Bird

This:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

bird is flying.

 

 

thisJoinPoint:call(void aspectJ.Animal.move())

Kind:method-call

Target:class aspectJ.Snake

This:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

snake is crawling.

 

3 pointcut moveCall():call(public void move()) && target(Bird);方法数1

语义描述：所有调用公开的没有返回值的名为move的方法并且目标对象是Bird类型

输出结果：

thisJoinPoint:call(void aspectJ.Animal.move())

Kind:method-call

Target:class aspectJ.Bird

This:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

bird is flying.

 

snake is crawling.

 

4 pointcut moveCall():call(public void move()) && target(Snake);方法数1

语义描述：所有调用公开的没有返回值的名为move的方法并且目标对象是Snake类型

输出结果：

bird is flying.

 

 

thisJoinPoint:call(void aspectJ.Animal.move())

Kind:method-call

Target:class aspectJ.Snake

This:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

snake is crawling.

 

5 pointcut moveCall():call(public void move()) && target(TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin);方法数1

语义描述：所有调用公开的没有返回值的名为move的方法并且目标对象是TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin类型

输出结果：

thisJoinPoint:call(void aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin.move())

Kind:method-call

Target:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

This:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

 

bird is flying.

 

snake is crawling.

 

6 pointcut moveCall():call(public void move()) && this(Animal);方法数0

语义描述：所有调用公开的没有返回值的名为move的方法并且当前执行调用对象是Animal类型

输出结果：

bird is flying.

 

snake is crawling.

 

7 pointcut moveCall():call(public void move()) && this(Bird); 方法数0

语义描述：所有调用公开的没有返回值的名为move的方法并且当前执行调用对象是Bird类型

输出结果：

bird is flying.

 

snake is crawling.

 

8 pointcut moveCall():call(public void move()) && this(Snake);方法数0

语义描述：所有调用公开的没有返回值的名为move的方法并且当前执行调用对象是Snake类型

输出结果:

bird is flying.

 

snake is crawling.

 

9 pointcut moveCall():call(public void move()) && this(TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin);方法数3

语义描述：所有调用公开的没有返回值的名为move的方法并且当前执行调用对象是TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin类型

输出结果：

thisJoinPoint:call(void aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin.move())

Kind:method-call

Target:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

This:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

 

 

thisJoinPoint:call(void aspectJ.Animal.move())

Kind:method-call

Target:class aspectJ.Bird

This:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

bird is flying.

 

 

thisJoinPoint:call(void aspectJ.Animal.move())

Kind:method-call

Target:class aspectJ.Snake

This:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

snake is crawling.

 

10 pointcut moveCall():call(public void move()) && within(Animal);方法数0

语义描述：所有调用公开的没有返回值的名为move的方法并且当前执行调用的代码属于Animal类

输出结果：

bird is flying.

 

snake is crawling.

 

11 pointcut moveCall():call(public void move()) && within(Bird);方法数0

语义描述：所有调用公开的没有返回值的名为move的方法并且当前执行调用的代码属于Bird类

输出结果：

bird is flying.

 

snake is crawling.

 

12 pointcut moveCall():call(public void move()) && within(Snake);方法数0

语义描述：所有调用公开的没有返回值的名为move的方法并且当前执行调用的代码属于Snake类

输出结果：

bird is flying.

 

snake is crawling.

 

13 pointcut moveCall():call(public void move()) && within(TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin);方法数3

语义描述：所有调用公开的没有返回值的名为move的方法并且当前执行调用的代码属于TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin类

输出结果：

thisJoinPoint:call(void aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin.move())

Kind:method-call

Target:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

This:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

 

 

thisJoinPoint:call(void aspectJ.Animal.move())

Kind:method-call

Target:class aspectJ.Bird

This:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

bird is flying.

 

 

thisJoinPoint:call(void aspectJ.Animal.move())

Kind:method-call

Target:class aspectJ.Snake

This:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

snake is crawling.

 

14 pointcut moveExecution():execution(public void move());方法数3

语义描述：所有公开的没有返回值的名为move的执行方法体

输出结果：

thisJoinPoint:execution(void aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin.move())

Kind:method-execution

Target:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

This:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

 

 

thisJoinPoint:execution(void aspectJ.Bird.move())

Kind:method-execution

Target:class aspectJ.Bird

This:class aspectJ.Bird

bird is flying.

 

 

thisJoinPoint:execution(void aspectJ.Snake.move())

Kind:method-execution

Target:class aspectJ.Snake

This:class aspectJ.Snake

snake is crawling.

 

15 pointcut moveExecution():execution(public void move()) && target(Animal); 方法数2

语义描述：所有公开的没有返回值的名为move的执行方法体并且目标对象是Animal

输出结果：

thisJoinPoint:execution(void aspectJ.Bird.move())

Kind:method-execution

Target:class aspectJ.Bird

This:class aspectJ.Bird

bird is flying.

 

 

thisJoinPoint:execution(void aspectJ.Snake.move())

Kind:method-execution

Target:class aspectJ.Snake

This:class aspectJ.Snake

snake is crawling.

 

16 pointcut moveExecution():execution(public void move()) && target(Bird); 方法数1

语义描述：所有公开的没有返回值的名为move的执行方法体并且目标对象是Bird

输出结果：

thisJoinPoint:execution(void aspectJ.Bird.move())

Kind:method-execution

Target:class aspectJ.Bird

This:class aspectJ.Bird

bird is flying.

 

snake is crawling.

 

17 pointcut moveExecution():execution(public void move()) && target(Snake); 方法数1

语义描述：所有公开的没有返回值的名为move的执行方法体并且目标对象是Snake

输出结果：

bird is flying.

 

 

thisJoinPoint:execution(void aspectJ.Snake.move())

Kind:method-execution

Target:class aspectJ.Snake

This:class aspectJ.Snake

snake is crawling.

 

18 pointcut moveExecution():execution(public void move()) && target(TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin);方法数1

语义描述：所有公开的没有返回值的名为move的执行方法体并且目标对象是TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

输出结果：

thisJoinPoint:execution(void aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin.move())

Kind:method-execution

Target:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

This:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

 

bird is flying.

 

snake is crawling.

 

19 pointcut moveExecution():execution(public void move()) && this(Animal);方法数2

语义描述：所有公开的没有返回值的名为move的执行方法体并且执行这个执行方法体动作的对象是Animal类型，也就是说当前实例方法体的实例主体是Animal类型

输出结果：

thisJoinPoint:execution(void aspectJ.Bird.move())

Kind:method-execution

Target:class aspectJ.Bird

This:class aspectJ.Bird

bird is flying.

 

 

thisJoinPoint:execution(void aspectJ.Snake.move())

Kind:method-execution

Target:class aspectJ.Snake

This:class aspectJ.Snake

snake is crawling.

 

20 pointcut moveExecution():execution(public void move()) && this(Bird);方法数1

语义描述：所有公开的没有返回值的名为move的执行方法体并且执行这个执行方法体动作的对象是Bird类型，也就是说当前实例方法体的实例主体是Bird类型

输出结果：

thisJoinPoint:execution(void aspectJ.Bird.move())

Kind:method-execution

Target:class aspectJ.Bird

This:class aspectJ.Bird

bird is flying.

 

snake is crawling.

 

21 pointcut moveExecution():execution(public void move()) && this(Snake); 方法数1

语义描述：所有公开的没有返回值的名为move的执行方法体并且执行这个执行方法体动作的对象是Snake类型，也就是说当前实例方法体的实例主体是Snake类型

输出结果：

bird is flying.

 

 

thisJoinPoint:execution(void aspectJ.Snake.move())

Kind:method-execution

Target:class aspectJ.Snake

This:class aspectJ.Snake

snake is crawling.

 

22 pointcut moveExecution():execution(public void move()) && this(TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin);方法数1

语义描述：所有公开的没有返回值的名为move的执行方法体并且执行这个执行方法体动作的对象是TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin类型，也就是说当前实例方法体的实例主体是TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin类型

输出结果：

thisJoinPoint:execution(void aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin.move())

Kind:method-execution

Target:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

This:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

 

bird is flying.

 

snake is crawling.

 

23 pointcut moveExecution():execution(public void move()) && within(Animal);方法数0

语义描述：所有公开的没有返回值的名为move的执行方法体并且这个方法体执行代码是属于Animal类

输出结果：

bird is flying.

 

snake is crawling.

 

24 pointcut moveExecution():execution(public void move()) && within(Bird); 方法数1

语义描述：所有公开的没有返回值的名为move的执行方法体并且这个方法体执行代码是属于Bird类

输出结果：

thisJoinPoint:execution(void aspectJ.Bird.move())

Kind:method-execution

Target:class aspectJ.Bird

This:class aspectJ.Bird

bird is flying.

 

snake is crawling.

 

25 pointcut moveExecution():execution(public void move()) && within(Snake); 方法数1

语义描述：所有公开的没有返回值的名为move的执行方法体并且这个方法体执行代码是属于Snake类

输出结果：

bird is flying.

 

 

thisJoinPoint:execution(void aspectJ.Snake.move())

Kind:method-execution

Target:class aspectJ.Snake

This:class aspectJ.Snake

snake is crawling.

 

26 pointcut moveExecution():execution(public void move()) && within(TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin);方法数1

语义描述：所有公开的没有返回值的名为move的执行方法体并且这个方法体执行代码是属于TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin类

输出结果：

thisJoinPoint:execution(void aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin.move())

Kind:method-execution

Target:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

This:class aspectJ.test.TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin

 

bird is flying.

 

snake is crawling.

 

5.测试结论：

无论是使用call还是execution类型pointcut，target对象均不会受影响，target可以理解为拥有move方法（move方法在某个类中定义）的实例是什么类型。（所以2，15；3，16；4，17；5，18结果相同）

 

使用call类型 pointcut时，this可以理解为调用move这个方法的实例是什么类型。（上面测试中所有call的this object都是TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin，所以6，7，8均没有拦截到方法，9拦截数量为3）

 

使用execution类型 pointcut时，this可以理解为拥有move方法（move方法在某个类中定义）的实例是什么类型，与target相同（19，20，21，22）。

 

Target与this均支持继承（描述都是“是什么类型“），within不支持（描述是”代码属于哪个类“）。

 

上面测试中所有调用move方法都是TestDifferentBetweenThisTargetWithin，所以10，11，12拦截数为0， 13拦截数为3

 

上面测试用所有move方法的执行都是在各自类中，所以23拦截数为0, 24，25，26拦截数分别为1

 

以上所有欢迎讨论。