1 synchronized Collections.SynchonrizedMap wait notify voliatile final
2 threadlocal
3 多实例
4 immutable class
5 java.concurrent.util: ReentrantLock ReentrantReadWriteLock CopyOnWriteArrayList BlockingQueue ConcurrentHashMap AtomicInteger AtomicStampedReference Executors FutureTask Callable。。。
6 避开多线程,单线程处理(NIO AIO)