oracle 分区管理

oracle分区表管理2009-08-30 12:29作用:将大表的数据分布到多个表分区段,不同分区彼此独立,从而提高了表的可用性和性能
种类:范围分区,散列分区(使用HASH算法),列表分区,范围/散列组合分区,范围/列表组合分区
1、范围分区表
创建范围分区表
1. create table t(v number,b number)
2. partition by range(v) (
3. partition p1 values less than ('11') tablespace test1,
4. partition p2 values less than ('21') tablespace test2);
增加与删除分区
1. alter table t add partition p3 values less than ('31') tablespace test3;
2. alter table t drop partition p3
一个时间分区的例子
1. alter session set nls_data_lanage=AMERICAN;
2. alter session set nls_data_format='DD-MON-YYYY'
3. create table t(v_date date,b number)
4. partition by range(v_date)(
5. partition p1 values less than ('01-APR-2009') tablespace test1,
6. partition p2 values less than ('01-JUN-2009') tablespace test2);
2、散列分区表
创建
1. create table t1(
2. v number,b number)
3. partition by hash(v)
4. (partition p1 tablespace test1,
5. partition p2 tablespace test2);
增加分区
1. alter table t add partition p3 tablespace test3;
删除分区
1. alter table t drop coalesce partition;
3、列表分区表
建列表分区
1. create table t(
2. v varchar2(10),
3. b number
4. )partition by list(v)
5. (partition p1 values('a','b') tablespace test1,
6. partition p2 values('c','d') tablespace test2);
#插入数据
1. SQL> insert into t values('a',10);
2. SQL> insert into t values('d',20);
#注意,插入数据时第一个字段只能为a,b,c,d
1. SQL> insert into t values('f',30);
2. ERROR at line 1:
3. ORA-14400: inserted partition key does not map to any partition
增加分区
1. alter table t add partition p3 values('31','32') tablespace test3;
删除分区
1. alter table t drop partition p3
4-1、范围/散列组合分区
建立散列组合分区
1. create table t(
2. v number,b number)
3. partition by range(v)
4. subpartition by hash(b) subpartitions 2
5. store in (test1,test2)(
6. partition p1 values less than ('11'),
7. partition p2 values less than ('21'));
查询
1. select * from t;
2. select * from t partition(p1);
3. select * from t where ....
增加主分区和子分区
1. alter table t add partition p3 values less than ('31') tablespace test3;
2. alter table t modify partition p3 add subpartition;
删除分区
1. alter table t coalesce partition;
2. alter table t modify partition p1 coalesce subpartition;
4-2、范围/列表组合分区
创建
1. create table t(
2. v number,b number)
3. partition by range(v)
4. subpartition by list(b)
5. (partition p1 values less than ('11') tablespace test1(
6. subpartition p1_1 values('1','3'),
7. subpartition p1_2 values('5','6')
8. ),
9. partition p2 values less than ('21') tablespace test2(
10. subpartition p2_1 values('13','14'),
11. subpartition p2_2 values('15','16')
12. ));
查询
1. select * from t
2. select * from t partition(p1)
3. select * from t subpartition(p1_1)
4. select * from t where .....
5. select segment_name,partition_name,tablespace_name
6. from user_segments where segment_name='T';
增加分区和子分区
1. alter table t add partition p3 values less than ('31') tablespace test3(
2. subpartition p3_1 values('25','26'),
3. subpartition p3_2 values('22','23'));
4. alter table t modify partition r3
5. add subpartition r3_3 tablespace test3 values('28','29');
删除分区
1. alter table t modify partition p1 coalesce subpartition;
5、分区表的查询
1. select * from t;
2. select * from t partition(p1);
3. select * from t partition(p2);
4. select * from t where v=XXX
6、其它设置：
1. 交换分区数据
2. alter table t exchange partition p1 with table tt;
3. 载断分区
4. alter table t truncate partition p1;
5. 修改分区名
6. alter table t rename partition p2_1 to p2;
7. 合并分区
8. alter table t merge partitions p1,p2 into partition p01
9. 重组分区
10. alter table t move partition p1 tablespace test04
11. 为列表分区和子分区加值
12. alter table t modify partition p1 add values('111');
13. alter table t modify subpartition p3_1 add values('111');
14. 从列表分区和子分区中删除值
15. alter table t modify partition p1 drop values('111')
16. alter table t modify subpartition p3_1 drop values('111')
7、分区表常用的数据字典
1. 分区表信息: dba_part_tables
2. 显示分区:    dba_tab_partitions
3. 显示子分区: dba_tab_subpartitions
4. 显示分区列: dba_part_key_columns
5. 显示子分区列:dba_subpart_dey_columns
6. 显示分区索引:dba_part_indexes
7. 显示索引分区:dba_ind_partitions