Spring的注入依赖(DI)主要有三种注入方式,即构造器注入、Setter注入和使用注解方式;注入依赖可以分为手工装配和自动装配,spring开发团队建议使用手工装配。
今天主要说说构造器注入
基于构造器的DI通过调用带参数的构造器来实现,每个参数代表着一个依赖。
1.持久层 ,spring是基于接口编程的,请注意接口
public class StudentDao implements IStudentDao {
public void saveStudent() {
System.out.println("成功保存一个学生信息");
}
}
2.服务层
public class StudentService implements IStudentService {
private IStudentDao studentDao;
private String id;
public StudentService(IStudentDao studentDao,String id){
this.studentDao = studentDao;
this.id = id;
}
public void saveStudent() {
studentDao.saveStudent();
System.out.print(",ID为:"+id);
}
}
3.spring配置
<bean id="studentDao" class="com.wch.dao.impl.StudentDao"></bean>
<bean id="studentService" class="com.wch.service.impl.StudentService">
<constructor-arg index="0" type="com.wch.dao.IStudentDao" ref="studentDao" />
<constructor-arg index="1" value="123456" type="java.lang.String"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
注:
用'type'属性来显式指定那些构造参数的类型
index属性来显式指定构造参数的索引,从0开始
type="java.lang.String"可以不写
4.经行测试,代码如下
public class TestSpringBuild extends TestCase{
private AbstractApplicationContext ctx = null;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
//ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:bean.xml");
}
@After
public void tearDown() throws Exception {
ctx.close();
}
@Test public void testBuild(){
StudentService studentService = (StudentService)ctx.getBean("studentService");
studentService.saveStudent();
}
}