1 概述
通过ArcGIS Runtime for WindowsPhone SDK开发手机地图应用,能够定位所在位置,并将多个定位位置信息导出为GPX文件,供其他软件,如ArcMap、Google Earth等调用。本文将介绍如何实现地图定位,以及导出GPX文件的功能。
2 GeoCoordinateWatcher
Windows Phone SDK提供了GeoCoordinateWatcher类实现定位相关功能,需要引入System.Device.dll库,添加System.Device.Location命名空间。
2.1 参数设置
使用GeoCoordinateWatcher,需要创建一个实例,并设置定位精度、移动间距等基本属性,另外监听状态变化、结果变化等事件。如下代码所示:
if (_watcher == null)
{
_watcher = new GeoCoordinateWatcher(GeoPositionAccuracy.High); // 使用高定位精度
_watcher.MovementThreshold = 50; // 最小移动间距,单位米,大于该间距的点才会触发PositionChanged事件
_watcher.StatusChanged += new EventHandler<GeoPositionStatusChangedEventArgs>(watcher_StatusChanged);
_watcher.PositionChanged += new EventHandler<GeoPositionChangedEventArgs<GeoCoordinate>>(watcher_PositionChanged);
}
2.2 启动定位
启动定位功能,即调用GeoCoordinateWatcher的Start方法,如下:
_watcher.Start();
2.3 定位状态
监听定位状态变化事件,如果出错可提示用户,如下:
void watcher_StatusChanged(object sender, GeoPositionStatusChangedEventArgs e)
{
switch (e.Status)
{
case GeoPositionStatus.Disabled:
if (_watcher.Permission == GeoPositionPermission.Denied)
{
txtStatus.Text = "应用程序无权访问定位服务";
}
else
{
txtStatus.Text = "设备不支持定位服务";
}
break;
case GeoPositionStatus.Initializing:
break;
case GeoPositionStatus.NoData:
txtStatus.Text = "获取定位数据失败";
break;
case GeoPositionStatus.Ready:
txtStatus.Text = "GPS已经就绪";
break;
}
}
2.4 定位结果
对定位结果的处理,需要在定位位置变化事件中进行,如下所示:
void watcher_PositionChanged(object sender, GeoPositionChangedEventArgs<GeoCoordinate> e)
{
try
{
txtStatus.Text = "";
MapPoint point = new MapPoint(e.Position.Location.Longitude, e.Position.Location.Latitude);
ESRI.ArcGIS.Client.Projection.WebMercator mercator = new ESRI.ArcGIS.Client.Projection.WebMercator();
MapPoint ptCurrent = mercator.FromGeographic(point) as MapPoint;
//更新GPS定位点位置
_gLocation.Geometry = ptCurrent;
//更新轨迹线
if (_gpsPoints == null)
{
_gpsPoints = new PointCollection();
_gpsPoints.Add(ptCurrent);
}
else
{
_gpsPoints.Add(ptCurrent);
Polyline line = new Polyline();
line.Paths.Add(_gpsPoints);
_gTrackLine.Geometry = line;
}
#region 记录GPS定位信息
GpsInfo gpsInfo = new GpsInfo();
gpsInfo.Altitude = e.Position.Location.Altitude;
gpsInfo.Course = e.Position.Location.Course;
gpsInfo.HorizontalAccuracy = e.Position.Location.HorizontalAccuracy;
gpsInfo.Latitude = e.Position.Location.Latitude;
gpsInfo.Longitude = e.Position.Location.Longitude;
gpsInfo.Speed = e.Position.Location.Speed;
gpsInfo.VerticalAccuracy = e.Position.Location.VerticalAccuracy;
gpsInfo.Time = e.Position.Timestamp.DateTime;
_gpxWriter.AddGpsInfo(gpsInfo);
#endregion
_gpsLayer.Refresh();
map.ZoomToResolution(2.38865713397468, ptCurrent);//定位到16级比例尺
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show("显示定位信息错误");
}
}
其中ESRI.ArcGIS.Client.Projection.WebMercator是用于将GPS获得的WGS 84经纬度坐标转换为Web Mercator投影坐标,这需要根据坐标系的具体情况来选择,如果地图坐标系本身就是WGS84,则无需转换,如果地图是Web Mercator,则需要进行转换,如果地图是其他坐标系,如Xian1980,或CGCS2000等,则需要调用ArcGIS Server的Geometry Service进行在线转换。
2.5 停止定位
当需要停止定位的时候,直接调用Stop方法即可,如下:
if (_watcher != null)
{
_watcher.Stop();
txtStatus.Text = "";
_gpsLayer.Graphics.Clear();
}
3导出GPX文件
在上文定位结果处理中,已经将每次位置记录存储为GpsInfo对象,便于进行统一的导出处理。
3.1 GpsInfo
GpsInfo对象只是简单的属性字段集合,用于记录GPS设备获取的数据信息。其属性如下:
public class GpsInfo
{
private double _longitude = 0;
public double Longitude
{
get { return _longitude; }
set { _longitude = value; }
}
private double _latitude = 0;
public double Latitude
{
get { return _latitude; }
set { _latitude = value; }
}
private double _altitude = 0;
public double Altitude
{
get { return _altitude; }
set { _altitude = value; }
}
private double _speed = 0;
public double Speed
{
get { return _speed; }
set { _speed = value; }
}
private double _course = 0;
public double Course
{
get { return _course; }
set { _course = value; }
}
private double _horizontalAccuracy = 0;
public double HorizontalAccuracy
{
get { return _horizontalAccuracy; }
set { _horizontalAccuracy = value; }
}
private double _verticalAccuracy = 0;
public double VerticalAccuracy
{
get { return _verticalAccuracy; }
set { _verticalAccuracy = value; }
}
private DateTime _time = new DateTime();
public DateTime Time
{
get { return _time; }
set { _time = value; }
}
}
3.2 GpxWriter
GpxWriter则提供了将GpsInfo写入GPX文件的功能,代码如下:
public class GpxWriter
{
private string _gpxFile = "";
private IList<GpsInfo> _lstGpsInfo = null;
private XmlWriterSettings _settings = null;
public GpxWriter(string gpxFile)
{
_settings = new XmlWriterSettings();
_settings.Indent = true;
_settings.Encoding = new UTF8Encoding(false);
_settings.NewLineChars = Environment.NewLine;
_lstGpsInfo = new List<GpsInfo>();
_gpxFile = gpxFile;
}
public void AddGpsInfo(GpsInfo gpsInfo)
{
_lstGpsInfo.Add(gpsInfo);
}
public void WriteToGpx()
{
try
{
if (_lstGpsInfo == null || _lstGpsInfo.Count == 0) return;
IsolatedStorageFile myIsolatedStorage = IsolatedStorageFile.GetUserStoreForApplication();
if (myIsolatedStorage.FileExists(_gpxFile) == true)
{
myIsolatedStorage.DeleteFile(_gpxFile);
}
using (IsolatedStorageFileStream stream = myIsolatedStorage.OpenFile(_gpxFile, FileMode.CreateNew))
{
using (XmlWriter xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(stream, _settings))
{
//写xml文件开始<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
xmlWriter.WriteStartDocument();
//写根节点
xmlWriter.WriteStartElement("gpx", "http://www.topografix.com/GPX/1/0");
//给节点添加属性
xmlWriter.WriteAttributeString("xmlns", "xsi", null, "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance");
xmlWriter.WriteAttributeString("xmlns", "mbx", null, "http://www.motionbased.net/mbx");
xmlWriter.WriteAttributeString("xsi", "schemaLocation", null, "http://www.topografix.com/GPX/1/0 http://www.topografix.com/GPX/1/0/gpx.xsd http://www.motionbased.net/mbx http://www.motionbased.net/site/schemas/mbx/0.0.1/mbx.xsd");
xmlWriter.WriteAttributeString("creator", "YELLOW EAST http://weibo.com/yelloweast");
xmlWriter.WriteAttributeString("version", "1.0");
//写内容根节点
xmlWriter.WriteStartElement("trk");
//写内容根节点
xmlWriter.WriteStartElement("trkseg");
//写GPS信息节点
foreach (GpsInfo gpsInfo in _lstGpsInfo)
{
xmlWriter.WriteStartElement("trkpt");
//给节点添加属性
xmlWriter.WriteAttributeString("lat", gpsInfo.Latitude.ToString());
xmlWriter.WriteAttributeString("lon", gpsInfo.Longitude.ToString());
//添加子节点
xmlWriter.WriteElementString("ele", gpsInfo.Altitude.ToString());
xmlWriter.WriteElementString("time", gpsInfo.Time.ToShortDateString() + " " + gpsInfo.Time.ToLongTimeString());
xmlWriter.WriteElementString("course", gpsInfo.Course.ToString());
xmlWriter.WriteElementString("speed", gpsInfo.Speed.ToString());
xmlWriter.WriteEndElement();//trkpt
}
xmlWriter.WriteEndElement();//trkseg
xmlWriter.WriteEndElement();//trk
xmlWriter.WriteEndElement();//gpx
xmlWriter.WriteEndDocument();
}
}
_lstGpsInfo.Clear();//清空历史记录
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
System.Windows.MessageBox.Show("写GPX文件错误:" + ex.Message);
}
}
}
在调用的时候,只需要指定gpx文件名,然后调用相关的方法,例如变量定义:
private GpxWriter _gpxWriter = null;
初始化:
DateTime now = DateTime.Now;
string gpxName = String.Format("{0}-{1}-{2}_{3}-{4}-{5}.gpx", now.Year, now.Month, now.Day, now.Hour, now.Minute, now.Second);
_gpxWriter = new GpxWriter(gpxName);
导出GPX文件:
_gpxWriter.WriteToGpx();