链接器LD的详细信息及其搜索路径揭密

http://blog.chinaunix.net/u3/97319/showart_2064712.html

 

链接器LD的详细信息及其搜索路径揭密

[root@localhost lib]# ld --verbose GNU ld version 2.17.50.0.6-9.el5 20061020   Supported emulations:    elf_i386    i386linux using internal linker script: ================================================== /* Script for -z combreloc: combine and sort reloc sections */ OUTPUT_FORMAT("elf32-i386", "elf32-i386",               "elf32-i386") OUTPUT_ARCH(i386) ENTRY(_start) SEARCH_DIR("/usr/i386-redhat-linux/lib"); SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib"); SEARCH_DIR("/lib"); SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib"); SECTIONS {   /* Read-only sections, merged into text segment: */   PROVIDE (__executable_start = 0x08048000); . = 0x08048000 + SIZEOF_HEADERS;   .interp         : { *(.interp) }   .hash           : { *(.hash) }   .gnu.hash       : { *(.gnu.hash) }   .dynsym         : { *(.dynsym) }   .dynstr         : { *(.dynstr) }   .gnu.version    : { *(.gnu.version) }   .gnu.version_d  : { *(.gnu.version_d) }   .gnu.version_r  : { *(.gnu.version_r) }   .rel.dyn        :     {       *(.rel.init)       *(.rel.text .rel.text.* .rel.gnu.linkonce.t.*)       *(.rel.fini)       *(.rel.rodata .rel.rodata.* .rel.gnu.linkonce.r.*)       *(.rel.data.rel.ro* .rel.gnu.linkonce.d.rel.ro.*)       *(.rel.data .rel.data.* .rel.gnu.linkonce.d.*)       *(.rel.tdata .rel.tdata.* .rel.gnu.linkonce.td.*)       *(.rel.tbss .rel.tbss.* .rel.gnu.linkonce.tb.*)       *(.rel.ctors)       *(.rel.dtors)       *(.rel.got)       *(.rel.bss .rel.bss.* .rel.gnu.linkonce.b.*)     }   .rela.dyn       :     {       *(.rela.init)       *(.rela.text .rela.text.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.t.*)       *(.rela.fini)       *(.rela.rodata .rela.rodata.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.r.*)       *(.rela.data .rela.data.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.d.*)       *(.rela.tdata .rela.tdata.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.td.*)       *(.rela.tbss .rela.tbss.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.tb.*)       *(.rela.ctors)       *(.rela.dtors)       *(.rela.got)       *(.rela.bss .rela.bss.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.b.*)     }   .rel.plt        : { *(.rel.plt) }   .rela.plt       : { *(.rela.plt) }   .init           :   {     KEEP (*(.init))   } =0x90909090   .plt            : { *(.plt) }   .text           :   {     *(.text .stub .text.* .gnu.linkonce.t.*)     KEEP (*(.text.*personality*))     /* .gnu.warning sections are handled specially by elf32.em.  */     *(.gnu.warning)   } =0x90909090   .fini           :   {     KEEP (*(.fini))   } =0x90909090   PROVIDE (__etext = .);   PROVIDE (_etext = .);   PROVIDE (etext = .);   .rodata         : { *(.rodata .rodata.* .gnu.linkonce.r.*) }   .rodata1        : { *(.rodata1) }   .eh_frame_hdr : { *(.eh_frame_hdr) }   .eh_frame       : ONLY_IF_RO { KEEP (*(.eh_frame)) }   .gcc_except_table   : ONLY_IF_RO { *(.gcc_except_table .gcc_except_table.*) }   /* Adjust the address for the data segment.  We want to adjust up to      the same address within the page on the next page up.  */   . = ALIGN (CONSTANT (MAXPAGESIZE)) - ((CONSTANT (MAXPAGESIZE) - .) & (CONSTANT (MAXPAGESIZE) - 1)); . = DATA_SEGMENT_ALIGN (CONSTANT (MAXPAGESIZE), CONSTANT (COMMONPAGESIZE));   /* Exception handling  */   .eh_frame       : ONLY_IF_RW { KEEP (*(.eh_frame)) }   .gcc_except_table   : ONLY_IF_RW { *(.gcc_except_table .gcc_except_table.*) }   /* Thread Local Storage sections  */   .tdata          : { *(.tdata .tdata.* .gnu.linkonce.td.*) }   .tbss           : { *(.tbss .tbss.* .gnu.linkonce.tb.*) *(.tcommon) }   .preinit_array     :   {     PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_start = .);     KEEP (*(.preinit_array))     PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_end = .);   }   .init_array     :   {      PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_start = .);      KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))      KEEP (*(.init_array))      PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_end = .);   }   .fini_array     :   {     PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_start = .);     KEEP (*(.fini_array))     KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))     PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_end = .);   }   .ctors          :   {     /* gcc uses crtbegin.o to find the start of        the constructors, so we make sure it is        first.  Because this is a wildcard, it        doesn't matter if the user does not        actually link against crtbegin.o; the        linker won't look for a file to match a        wildcard.  The wildcard also means that it        doesn't matter which directory crtbegin.o        is in.  */     KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.ctors))     KEEP (*crtbegin?.o(.ctors))     /* We don't want to include the .ctor section from        the crtend.o file until after the sorted ctors.        The .ctor section from the crtend file contains the        end of ctors marker and it must be last */     KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o *crtend?.o ) .ctors))     KEEP (*(SORT(.ctors.*)))     KEEP (*(.ctors))   }   .dtors          :   {     KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.dtors))     KEEP (*crtbegin?.o(.dtors))     KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o *crtend?.o ) .dtors))     KEEP (*(SORT(.dtors.*)))     KEEP (*(.dtors))   }   .jcr            : { KEEP (*(.jcr)) }   .data.rel.ro : { *(.data.rel.ro.local* .gnu.linkonce.d.rel.ro.local.*) *(.data.rel.ro* .gnu.linkonce.d.rel.ro.*) }   .dynamic        : { *(.dynamic) }   .got            : { *(.got) }   . = DATA_SEGMENT_RELRO_END (12, .);   .got.plt        : { *(.got.plt) }   .data           :   {     *(.data .data.* .gnu.linkonce.d.*)     KEEP (*(.gnu.linkonce.d.*personality*))     SORT(CONSTRUCTORS)   }   .data1          : { *(.data1) }   _edata = .; PROVIDE (edata = .);   __bss_start = .;   .bss            :   {    *(.dynbss)    *(.bss .bss.* .gnu.linkonce.b.*)    *(COMMON)    /* Align here to ensure that the .bss section occupies space up to       _end.  Align after .bss to ensure correct alignment even if the       .bss section disappears because there are no input sections.       FIXME: Why do we need it? When there is no .bss section, we don't       pad the .data section.  */    . = ALIGN(. != 0 ? 32 / 8 : 1);   }   . = ALIGN(32 / 8);   . = ALIGN(32 / 8);   _end = .; PROVIDE (end = .);   . = DATA_SEGMENT_END (.);   /* Stabs debugging sections.  */   .stab          0 : { *(.stab) }   .stabstr       0 : { *(.stabstr) }   .stab.excl     0 : { *(.stab.excl) }   .stab.exclstr  0 : { *(.stab.exclstr) }   .stab.index    0 : { *(.stab.index) }   .stab.indexstr 0 : { *(.stab.indexstr) }   .comment       0 : { *(.comment) }   /* DWARF debug sections.      Symbols in the DWARF debugging sections are relative to the beginning      of the section so we begin them at 0.  */   /* DWARF 1 */   .debug          0 : { *(.debug) }   .line           0 : { *(.line) }   /* GNU DWARF 1 extensions */   .debug_srcinfo  0 : { *(.debug_srcinfo) }   .debug_sfnames  0 : { *(.debug_sfnames) }   /* DWARF 1.1 and DWARF 2 */   .debug_aranges  0 : { *(.debug_aranges) }   .debug_pubnames 0 : { *(.debug_pubnames) }   /* DWARF 2 */   .debug_info     0 : { *(.debug_info .gnu.linkonce.wi.*) }   .debug_abbrev   0 : { *(.debug_abbrev) }   .debug_line     0 : { *(.debug_line) }   .debug_frame    0 : { *(.debug_frame) }   .debug_str      0 : { *(.debug_str) }   .debug_loc      0 : { *(.debug_loc) }   .debug_macinfo  0 : { *(.debug_macinfo) }   /* SGI/MIPS DWARF 2 extensions */   .debug_weaknames 0 : { *(.debug_weaknames) }   .debug_funcnames 0 : { *(.debug_funcnames) }   .debug_typenames 0 : { *(.debug_typenames) }   .debug_varnames  0 : { *(.debug_varnames) }   /* DWARF 3 */   .debug_pubtypes 0 : { *(.debug_pubtypes) }   .debug_ranges   0 : { *(.debug_ranges) }   /DISCARD/ : { *(.note.GNU-stack) } } ================================================== [root@localhost lib]# [root@localhost lib]# [root@localhost lib]# ld --verbose | grep search [root@localhost lib]# ld --verbose | grep SEARCH SEARCH_DIR("/usr/i386-redhat-linux/lib"); SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib"); SEARCH_DIR("/lib"); SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib"); [root@localhost lib]#