Flutter 单选开关Switch和复选框CheckBox

一.单选开关Switch和CheckBox属性介绍

1.flutter中提供了Material风格的单选开关Switch和复选框Checkbox，它们都是继承自StatefulWidget，但它们本身不会保存当前选中状态，选中状态都是由父组件来管理的，当Switch或Checkbox发生改变时，会触发它们的onChanged回调.

2.switch源码查看，eg:

 const Switch({
    Key? key,
    required this.value, //@required bool，value = true 时为打开状态，false 关闭
    required this.onChanged, //点击事件
    this.activeColor, //激活状态下滑块颜色
    this.activeTrackColor, //激活状态下轨道颜色
    this.inactiveThumbColor, //关闭状态下滑块颜色
    this.inactiveTrackColor, //关闭状态下轨道颜色
    this.activeThumbImage, //激活状态下滑块图片
    this.onActiveThumbImageError, //激活状态下滑块图片加载失败回调
    this.inactiveThumbImage, //关闭状态下滑块图片
    this.onInactiveThumbImageError, //关闭状态下滑块图片加载失败回调
    this.thumbColor, //内边距
    this.trackColor,
    this.materialTapTargetSize,
    this.dragStartBehavior = DragStartBehavior.start,
    this.mouseCursor, //鼠标光标
    this.focusColor, //聚焦颜色
    this.hoverColor, //悬停颜色
    this.overlayColor,
    this.splashRadius,
    this.focusNode, //焦点控制
    this.autofocus = false, //自动聚焦
  })

3.Checkbox源码查看，eg:

const Checkbox({
    Key? key,
    required this.value, //@required bool，value = true 时为选中状态，false 关闭
    this.tristate = false, //默认false，如果为true，复选框的值可以为true、false或null(表示是否为三态)
    required this.onChanged, //点击事件
    this.mouseCursor, //鼠标光标
    this.activeColor, 激活状态下使用的颜色
    this.fillColor,
    this.checkColor, //选中此复选框时用于复选图标的颜色
    this.focusColor, //聚焦颜色
    this.hoverColor, //悬停颜色
    this.overlayColor,
    this.splashRadius,
    this.materialTapTargetSize,
    this.visualDensity,
    this.focusNode, //焦点控制
    this.autofocus = false, //自动聚焦，默认为 false
    this.shape,
    this.side,
  }

二. SwitchAndCheckBoxTestRoute demo展示，eg:

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

class SwitchAndCheckBoxTestRoute  extends StatefulWidget{
  @override
  _SwitchAndCheckBoxTestRouteState createState() => _SwitchAndCheckBoxTestRouteState();

}

class _SwitchAndCheckBoxTestRouteState extends State<SwitchAndCheckBoxTestRoute>{
  bool _switchSelected=true;//单选开关状态
  bool _checkboxSelected=true;//复选框开关
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Column(
      children: [
        Switch(
            value: _switchSelected, //当前状态
            onChanged: (value){
              setState(() {//重新构建页面
                _switchSelected=value;
                print('switch value is $_switchSelected');
              });
            }
        ),
        Checkbox(
            value: _checkboxSelected,
            activeColor: Colors.red,//选中时颜色
            onChanged: (value){
              setState(() {
                _checkboxSelected=value!;
                print('checkbox value is $_checkboxSelected');
              });
            }
        ),
        TextField(
          autofocus: true,
          decoration: InputDecoration(
            labelText: "user name",
            hintText: "email",
            prefixIcon: Icon(Icons.person)
          ),
        ),
        TextField(
          decoration: InputDecoration(
              labelText: "passwd",
              hintText: "your passwd",
              prefixIcon: Icon(Icons.lock)
          ),
          obscureText: true,
        )
      ],
    );
  }

}

上面代码中，SwitchAndCheckBoxTestRoute继承自StatefulWidget ，在其build方法中分别构建了一个Switch和Checkbox，初始状态都为选中状态，当用户点击时，会将状态置反，然后回调用setState()通知 Flutter 框架重新更新UI。