6.Android BroadcastReceiver

前面分别讨论了Activity和Service，这篇就介绍Android BroadCastReceiver，BroadCast是应用程序间通信的手段。BroadCastReceiver也是跟Intent紧密相连的，动态/静态注册了BroadCastReceiver之后，使用sendBroadcast把Intent发送之后，系统会自动把符合条件的BroadCastReceiver启动，跟嵌入式系统的中断类似。

本文主要演示了如何动态/静态注册BroadCastReceiver，向系统索取电量信息，以及枚举信息的字段。本文运行截图如下：

上图是发送Intent至内部动态注册的BroadcastReceiver，接收到之后显示消息名称。动态注册BroadcastReceiver用到registerReceiver()。

上图是发送Intent至内部静态注册的BroadcastReceiver，接收到之后显示消息名称。静态注册比动态注册麻烦点，先新建一个类继承BroadcastReceiver，然后到AndroidManifest.xml 添加：

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< receiver  android:name = "clsReceiver2" >      < intent-filter >          < action  android:name = "com.testBroadcastReceiver.Internal_2"  />      </ intent-filter > </ receiver >

第一个name是类名，第二个是action的名称。

上图是枚举Intent消息的字段，这个功能比较适合懒人，把收到的Intent消息的字段全部分解了，再看看哪个需要的，懒得记住。实现这部分的代码如下：

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// 当未知Intent包含的内容，则需要通过以下方法来列举 Bundle b=intent.getExtras(); Object[] lstName=b.keySet().toArray(); for ( int  i= 0 ; i < lstName.length; i++) {      String keyName=lstName[i].toString();      Log.e(keyName,String.valueOf(b.get(keyName))); }

main.xml

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<? xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "utf-8" ?> < LinearLayout  xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"      android:orientation = "vertical"      android:layout_width = "fill_parent"      android:layout_height = "fill_parent" >      < Button          android:id = "@+id/Button01"          android:layout_width = "wrap_content"          android:layout_height = "wrap_content"          android:text = "发送至内部动态注册的BroadcastReceiver"          />      < Button          android:id = "@+id/Button02"          android:layout_width = "wrap_content"          android:layout_height = "wrap_content"          android:text = "发送至内部静态注册BroadcastReceiver"          />      < Button          android:id = "@+id/Button03"          android:layout_width = "wrap_content"          android:layout_height = "wrap_content"          android:text = "发送至系统BroadcastReceiver"          /> </ LinearLayout >

testBroadcastReceiver.java

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package  com.testBroadcastReceiver;   import  android.app.Activity; import  android.content.BroadcastReceiver; import  android.content.Context; import  android.content.Intent; import  android.content.IntentFilter; import  android.os.Bundle; import  android.util.Log; import  android.view.View; import  android.widget.Button; import  android.widget.Toast;   public  class  testBroadcastReceiver  extends  Activity {      Button btnInternal1, btnInternal2, btnSystem;      static  final  String INTENAL_ACTION_1 = "com.testBroadcastReceiver.Internal_1" ;      static  final  String INTENAL_ACTION_2 = "com.testBroadcastReceiver.Internal_2" ;      static  final  String INTENAL_ACTION_3 = "com.testBroadcastReceiver.Internal_3" ;        @Override      public  void  onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {          super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);          setContentView(R.layout.main);          btnInternal1 = (Button)  this .findViewById(R.id.Button01);          btnInternal1.setOnClickListener( new  ClickEvent());          btnInternal2 = (Button)  this .findViewById(R.id.Button02);          btnInternal2.setOnClickListener( new  ClickEvent());          btnSystem = (Button)  this .findViewById(R.id.Button03);          btnSystem.setOnClickListener( new  ClickEvent());          // 动态注册广播消息          registerReceiver(bcrIntenal1,  new  IntentFilter(INTENAL_ACTION_1));      }        class  ClickEvent  implements  View.OnClickListener {            @Override          public  void  onClick(View v) {              if  (v == btnInternal1) // 给动态注册的BroadcastReceiver发送数据              {                  Intent intent =  new  Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_1);                  sendBroadcast(intent);              }  else  if  (v == btnInternal2) // 给静态注册的BroadcastReceiver发送数据              {                  Intent intent =  new  Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_2);                  sendBroadcast(intent);              }  else  if  (v == btnSystem) // 动态注册 接收2组信息的BroadcastReceiver              {                  IntentFilter filter =  new  IntentFilter(); //                  filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED); // 系统电量检测信息                  filter.addAction(INTENAL_ACTION_3); // 第三组自定义消息                  registerReceiver(batInfoReceiver, filter);                    Intent intent =  new  Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_3);                  intent.putExtra( "Name" ,  "hellogv" );                  intent.putExtra( "Blog" ,  "http://blog.csdn.net/hellogv" );                  sendBroadcast(intent); // 传递过去              }          }        }        /*       * 接收动态注册广播的BroadcastReceiver       */      private  BroadcastReceiver bcrIntenal1 =  new  BroadcastReceiver() {            public  void  onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {              String action = intent.getAction();              Toast.makeText(context,  "动态:"  + action,  1000 ).show();          }      };        private  BroadcastReceiver batInfoReceiver =  new  BroadcastReceiver() {            public  void  onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {              String action = intent.getAction();              // 如果捕捉到的action是ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED              if  (Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED.equals(action)) {                  // 当未知Intent包含的内容，则需要通过以下方法来列举                  Bundle b = intent.getExtras();                  Object[] lstName = b.keySet().toArray();                    for  ( int  i =  0 ; i < lstName.length; i++) {                      String keyName = lstName[i].toString();                      Log.e(keyName, String.valueOf(b.get(keyName)));                  }              }              // 如果捕捉到的action是INTENAL_ACTION_3              if  (INTENAL_ACTION_3.equals(action)) {                  // 当未知Intent包含的内容，则需要通过以下方法来列举                  Bundle b = intent.getExtras();                  Object[] lstName = b.keySet().toArray();                    for  ( int  i =  0 ; i < lstName.length; i++) {                      String keyName = lstName[i].toString();                      Log.e(keyName, b.getString(keyName));                  }              }          }      }; }

clsReceiver2.java

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package  com.testBroadcastReceiver;   import  android.content.BroadcastReceiver; import  android.content.Context; import  android.content.Intent; import  android.widget.Toast;   /**   * 接收静态注册广播的BroadcastReceiver， step1:要到AndroidManifest.xml这里注册消息   * <receiver android:name="clsReceiver2">              <intent-filter>                  <action                      android:name="com.testBroadcastReceiver.Internal_2"/>              </intent-filter>          </receiver>   * step2:定义消息的字符串   * step3:通过Intent传递消息来驱使BroadcastReceiver触发   */ public  class  clsReceiver2  extends  BroadcastReceiver{      @Override      public  void  onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {          String action = intent.getAction();          Toast.makeText(context,  "静态:" +action,  1000 ).show();                } }