SpringBoot的数据访问

一、JDBC方式

1. 引入starter。

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<scope>runtime</scope>
		</dependency>

2. 配置application.properties

spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.cj.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root

3. 配置后默认使用org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource作为数据源；数据源的相关配置都在org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties里面。

@ConfigurationProperties(
    prefix = "spring.datasource"
)
public class DataSourceProperties implements BeanClassLoaderAware, InitializingBean {
   
    private ClassLoader classLoader;
    private String name;
    private boolean generateUniqueName;
    private Class<? extends DataSource> type;
    private String driverClassName;
    private String url;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String jndiName;
    private DataSourceInitializationMode initializationMode;
    private String platform;
    private List<String> schema;
    private String schemaUsername;
    private String schemaPassword;
    private List<String> data;
    private String dataUsername;
    private String dataPassword;
    private boolean continueOnError;
    private String separator;
    private Charset sqlScriptEncoding;
    private EmbeddedDatabaseConnection embeddedDatabaseConnection;
    private DataSourceProperties.Xa xa;
    private String uniqueName;
.....
}

4. 自动配置原理
   根据org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceConfiguration，根据配置去创建数据源，默认使用tomcat连接池。

5. SpringBoot默认支持的数据源类型：

• “com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource”,
• “org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource”,
• “org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource”

6. 可以使用spring.datasource.type指定数据源类型。因为springboot在创建数据源的时候就是根据这个来选择要创建的数据源的类型的。

abstract class DataSourceConfiguration {
   
    DataSourceConfiguration() {
   
    }

    protected static <T> T createDataSource(DataSourceProperties properties, Class<? extends DataSource> type) {
   
        return properties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().type(type).build();
    }

    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean({
   DataSource.class})
    @ConditionalOnProperty(
        name = {
   "spring.datasource.type"}
    )
    static class Generic {
   
        Generic() {
   
        }

        @Bean
        public DataSource dataSource(DataSourceProperties properties) {
   
            return properties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().build();
        }
    }

    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnClass({
   BasicDataSource.class})
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean({
   DataSource.class})
    @ConditionalOnProperty(
        name = {
   "spring.datasource.type"},
        havingValue = "org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource",
        matchIfMissing = true
    )
    static class Dbcp2 {
   
        Dbcp2() {
   
        }

        @Bean
        @ConfigurationProperties(
            prefix = "spring.datasource.dbcp2"
        )
        public BasicDataSource dataSource(DataSourceProperties properties) {
   
            return (BasicDataSource)DataSourceConfiguration.createDataSource