Android.app.ActivityThread进程建立后,将跳入到ActivityThread的main函数开始运行,进入消息循环。
代码如下:
Step 1. ActivityThread.main()
public static void main(String[] args) {
SamplingProfilerIntegration.start();
// CloseGuard defaults to true and can be quite spammy. We
// disable it here, but selectively enable it later (via
// StrictMode) on debug builds, but using DropBox, not logs.
CloseGuard.setEnabled(false);
Environment.initForCurrentUser();
// Set the reporter for event logging in libcore
EventLogger.setReporter(new EventLoggingReporter());
Security.addProvider(new AndroidKeyStoreProvider());
// Make sure TrustedCertificateStore looks in the right place for CA certificates
final File configDir = Environment.getUserConfigDirectory(UserHandle.myUserId());
TrustedCertificateStore.setDefaultUserDirectory(configDir);
Process.setArgV0("<pre-initialized>");
Looper.prepareMainLooper();
//构建一个新的ActivityThread实例
ActivityThread thread = new ActivityThread();
//在建立消息循环之前,会通过thread.attach(false)来初始化应用程序的运行环境,并建立activityThread
//和ActivityManagerService之间的桥mAppThread mAppThread是IApplicationThread的一个实例。
thread.attach(false);
if (sMainThreadHandler == null) {
sMainThreadHandler = thread.getHandler();
}
AsyncTask.init();
if (false) {
Looper.myLooper().setMessageLogging(new
LogPrinter(Log.DEBUG, "ActivityThread"));
}
//进入消息循环
Looper.loop();
throw new RuntimeException("Main thread loop unexpectedly exited");
}
该函数位于文件/frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityThread.java当中。
Step 2. ActivityThread.attach()
private void attach(boolean system) {
sCurrentActivityThread = this;
mSystemThread = system;
//system为false,代表非系统进程
if (!system) {
ViewRootImpl.addFirstDrawHandler(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
ensureJitEnabled();
}
});
//我们在DDMS调试时所看到的的进程名就是从这里来的
android.ddm.DdmHandleAppName.setAppName("<pre-initialized>",
UserHandle.myUserId());
RuntimeInit.setApplicationObject(mAppThread.asBinder());
//AMS代理的获取
final IActivityManager mgr = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault();
try {
//AMS远程方法的调用
mgr.attachApplication(mAppThread);
} catch (RemoteException ex) {
// Ignore
}
// Watch for getting close to heap limit.
BinderInternal.addGcWatcher(new Runnable() {
@Override public void run() {
if (!mSomeActivitiesChanged) {
return;
}
Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();
long dalvikMax = runtime.maxMemory();
long dalvikUsed = runtime.totalMemory() - runtime.freeMemory();
if (dalvikUsed > ((3*dalvikMax)/4)) {
if (DEBUG_MEMORY_TRIM) Slog.d(TAG, "Dalvik max=" + (dalvikMax/1024)
+ " total=" + (runtime.totalMemory()/1024)
+ " used=" + (dalvikUsed/1024));
mSomeActivitiesChanged = false;
try {
mgr.releaseSomeActivities(mAppThread);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
}
}
}
});
} else {
......//system == true的处理部分,代表对系统进程的处理
}
...... //省略
}
该函数位于文件/frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityThread.java当中。
在这里要关注的地方有两个:
1. ActivityThread通过AMS的本地代理调用了AMS的attachApplication方法。
2. 第1点中,传入AMS.attachApplication()的参数mAppThread。显然它是ActivityThread的成员变量,看下它在ActivityThread类中的声明和定义:
public final class ActivityThread {
......//
//在创建ActivityThread的一个实例的时候,就会构造一个对应mAppThread成员变量
final ApplicationThread mAppThread = new ApplicationThread();
......//
//mAppThread是一个ApplicationThread类型变量,继承了ApplicationThreadNative类
private class ApplicationThread extends ApplicationThreadNative {
......//此成员变量中有很多内部成员方法,如下SchedulePauseActivity()方法
public final void schedulePauseActivity(IBinder token, boolean finished,
boolean userLeaving, int configChanges, boolean dontReport) {
sendMessage(
finished ? H.PAUSE_ACTIVITY_FINISHING : H.PAUSE_ACTIVITY,
token,
(userLeaving ? 1 : 0) | (dontReport ? 2 : 0),
configChanges);
}
......//
}
}
ApplicationThread是ActivityThread的一个内部(定义在ActivityThread.java中,且为private私有变量)类。
先继续向前关注AMS的attachApplication方法吧:
Step 3. ActivityManagerService.attachApplication()
public final void attachApplication(IApplicationThread thread) {
synchronized (this) {
int callingPid = Binder.getCallingPid();
final long origId = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
attachApplicationLocked(thread, callingPid);
Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(origId);
}
}
该函数位于文件/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java中。
而这个方法在获取调用此方法应用程序的pid(进程号)后,简单地调用了attachApplicationLocked方法:
Step 4. ActivityManagerService.attachApplicationLocked()
private final boolean attachApplicationLocked(IApplicationThread thread,
int pid) {
// Find the application record that is being attached... either via
// the pid if we are running in multiple processes, or just pull the
// next app record if we are emulating process with anonymous threads.
// mPidsSelfLocked数组记录了PID,这个将会在应用进程跑起来后,将自己Attach到AM时,根据pid找到自己的前世:ProcessRecord.
ProcessRecord app;
if (pid != MY_PID && pid >= 0) {
synchronized (mPidsSelfLocked) {
app = mPidsSelfLocked.get(pid);
}
} else {
app = null;
}
if (app == null) {
Slog.w(TAG, "No pending application record for pid " + pid
+ " (IApplicationThread " + thread + "); dropping process");
EventLog.writeEvent(EventLogTags.AM_DROP_PROCESS, pid);
if (pid > 0 && pid != MY_PID) {
Process.killProcessQuiet(pid);
//TODO: Process.killProcessGroup(app.info.uid, pid);
} else {
try {
thread.scheduleExit();
} catch (Exception e) {
// Ignore exceptions.
}
}
return false;
}
// If this application record is still attached to a previous
// process, clean it up now.
if (app.thread != null) {
handleAppDiedLocked(app, true, true);
}
// Tell the process all about itself.
if (localLOGV) Slog.v(
TAG, "Binding process pid " + pid + " to record " + app);
final String processName = app.processName;
try {
AppDeathRecipient adr = new AppDeathRecipient(
app, pid, thread);
thread.asBinder().linkToDeath(adr, 0);
app.deathRecipient = adr;
} catch (RemoteException e) {
app.resetPackageList(mProcessStats);
startProcessLocked(app, "link fail", processName);
return false;
}
EventLog.writeEvent(EventLogTags.AM_PROC_BOUND, app.userId, app.pid, app.processName);
//mAppThread就在app.makeActive方法中,绑定到了ProcessRecord当中
app.makeActive(thread, mProcessStats);
app.curAdj = app.setAdj = -100;
app.curSchedGroup = app.setSchedGroup = Process.THREAD_GROUP_DEFAULT;
app.forcingToForeground = null;
updateProcessForegroundLocked(app, false, false);
app.hasShownUi = false;
app.debugging = false;
app.cached = false;
mHandler.removeMessages(PROC_START_TIMEOUT_MSG, app);
boolean normalMode = mProcessesReady || isAllowedWhileBooting(app.info);
List<ProviderInfo> providers = normalMode ? generateApplicationProvidersLocked(app) : null;
if (!normalMode) {
Slog.i(TAG, "Launching preboot mode app: " + app);
}
if (localLOGV) Slog.v(
TAG, "New app record " + app
+ " thread=" + thread.asBinder() + " pid=" + pid);
try {
int testMode = IApplicationThread.DEBUG_OFF;
if (mDebugApp != null && mDebugApp.equals(processName)) {
testMode = mWaitForDebugger
? IApplicationThread.DEBUG_WAIT
: IApplicationThread.DEBUG_ON;
app.debugging = true;
if (mDebugTransient) {
mDebugApp = mOrigDebugApp;
mWaitForDebugger = mOrigWaitForDebugger;
}
}
String profileFile = app.instrumentationProfileFile;
ParcelFileDescriptor profileFd = null;
int samplingInterval = 0;
boolean profileAutoStop = false;
if (mProfileApp != null && mProfileApp.equals(processName)) {
mProfileProc = app;
profileFile = mProfileFile;
profileFd = mProfileFd;
samplingInterval = mSamplingInterval;
profileAutoStop = mAutoStopProfiler;
}
boolean enableOpenGlTrace = false;
if (mOpenGlTraceApp != null && mOpenGlTraceApp.equals(processName)) {
enableOpenGlTrace = true;
mOpenGlTraceApp = null;
}
// If the app is being launched for restore or full backup, set it up specially
boolean isRestrictedBackupMode = false;
if (mBackupTarget != null && mBackupAppName.equals(processName)) {
isRestrictedBackupMode = (mBackupTarget.backupMode == BackupRecord.RESTORE)
|| (mBackupTarget.backupMode == BackupRecord.RESTORE_FULL)
|| (mBackupTarget.backupMode == BackupRecord.BACKUP_FULL);
}
ensurePackageDexOpt(app.instrumentationInfo != null
? app.instrumentationInfo.packageName
: app.info.packageName);
if (app.instrumentationClass != null) {
ensurePackageDexOpt(app.instrumentationClass.getPackageName());
}
if (DEBUG_CONFIGURATION) Slog.v(TAG, "Binding proc "
+ processName + " with config " + mConfiguration);
ApplicationInfo appInfo = app.instrumentationInfo != null
? app.instrumentationInfo : app.info;
app.compat = compatibilityInfoForPackageLocked(appInfo);
if (profileFd != null) {
profileFd = profileFd.dup();
}
ProfilerInfo profilerInfo = profileFile == null ? null
: new ProfilerInfo(profileFile, profileFd, samplingInterval, profileAutoStop);
thread.bindApplication(processName, appInfo, providers, app.instrumentationClass,
profilerInfo, app.instrumentationArguments, app.instrumentationWatcher,
app.instrumentationUiAutomationConnection, testMode, enableOpenGlTrace,
isRestrictedBackupMode || !normalMode, app.persistent,
new Configuration(mConfiguration), app.compat, getCommonServicesLocked(),
mCoreSettingsObserver.getCoreSettingsLocked());
updateLruProcessLocked(app, false, null);
app.lastRequestedGc = app.lastLowMemory = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
} catch (Exception e) {
// todo: Yikes! What should we do? For now we will try to
// start another process, but that could easily get us in
// an infinite loop of restarting processes...
Slog.wtf(TAG, "Exception thrown during bind of " + app, e);
app.resetPackageList(mProcessStats);
app.unlinkDeathRecipient();
startProcessLocked(app, "bind fail", processName);
return false;
}
// Remove this record from the list of starting applications.
mPersistentStartingProcesses.remove(app);
if (DEBUG_PROCESSES && mProcessesOnHold.contains(app)) Slog.v(TAG,
"Attach application locked removing on hold: " + app);
mProcessesOnHold.remove(app);
boolean badApp = false;
boolean didSomething = false;
// See if the top visible activity is waiting to run in this process...
if (normalMode) {
try {
if (mStackSupervisor.attachApplicationLocked(app)) {
didSomething = true;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
Slog.wtf(TAG, "Exception thrown launching activities in " + app, e);
badApp = true;
}
}
// Find any services that should be running in this process...
if (!badApp) {
try {
didSomething |= mServices.attachApplicationLocked(app, processName);
} catch (Exception e) {
Slog.wtf(TAG, "Exception thrown starting services in " + app, e);
badApp = true;
}
}
// Check if a next-broadcast receiver is in this process...
if (!badApp && isPendingBroadcastProcessLocked(pid)) {
try {
didSomething |= sendPendingBroadcastsLocked(app);
} catch (Exception e) {
// If the app died trying to launch the receiver we declare it 'bad'
Slog.wtf(TAG, "Exception thrown dispatching broadcasts in " + app, e);
badApp = true;
}
}
// Check whether the next backup agent is in this process...
if (!badApp && mBackupTarget != null && mBackupTarget.appInfo.uid == app.uid) {
if (DEBUG_BACKUP) Slog.v(TAG, "New app is backup target, launching agent for " + app);
ensurePackageDexOpt(mBackupTarget.appInfo.packageName);
try {
thread.scheduleCreateBackupAgent(mBackupTarget.appInfo,
compatibilityInfoForPackageLocked(mBackupTarget.appInfo),
mBackupTarget.backupMode);
} catch (Exception e) {
Slog.wtf(TAG, "Exception thrown creating backup agent in " + app, e);
badApp = true;
}
}
if (badApp) {
app.kill("error during init", true);
handleAppDiedLocked(app, false, true);
return false;
}
if (!didSomething) {
updateOomAdjLocked();
}
return true;
}
该函数位于文件/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java中。
Step 5. ProcessRecord.makeActive()
public void makeActive(IApplicationThread _thread, ProcessStatsService tracker) {
if (thread == null) {
......//
}
//就在此处!将ActivityThread类中的内部ApplicationThread类成员变量mAppThread绑定到了
//ProcessRecord中的thread变量
thread = _thread;
}
该函数位于文件/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ProcessRecord.java中。
总结:
此后,在AMS中调用ActivityRecord.app.thread.XXXX方法,就是一个AMS反调应用程序中方法的过程,其最终调用的方法是应用程序所在的ActivityThread.mAppThread.XXX方法。
应用进程使用thread.attach()发起AMS的AttachApplicationLocked调用,并传递 ActvitiyThread对象和CallingPid。AttachApplicationLocked将根据CallingPid在 mPidsSelfLocked找到对应的ProcessRecord实例app,将ActvitiyThread放置app.thread中。这样应用进程和AMS建立起来双向连接。AM可以使用AIDL接口,通过app.thread可以访问应用进程的对象。应用程序通过ActivityThread提供的框架,建立消息循环Looper和Handler。