本文讲解Spring bean是如何设置为另外一个bean的属性？如何实现Bean属性外化配置？Bean属性外化文件覆盖？Spring 可以通过BeanPostProcessor接口、BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口，FactoryBean接口来进行扩展，而不需要实现自定义的ApplicationContext。
通常，应用程序开发人员不需要子类化 ApplicationContext 实现类。 相反，可以通过插入特殊集成接口的实现来扩展 Spring IoC 容器。 接下来的几节将描述这些集成接口。
BeanPostProcessor接口
接口定义
public interface BeanPostProcessor {
/**
* 初始化前的后处理
*/
Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException;
/**
* 初始化后的后处理
*/
Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException;
}
用途
在bean初始化前后的后处理功能，如bean设值、属性设值等，只要是和初始化相关的事情都可以做。
示例
初始化前后打印log
//通过注解 或 XML 让spring发现该组件
@Component
public class CustomerBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
System.out.println("初始化前 后处理逻辑... 。bean name="+beanName);
return bean;
}
public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
System.out.println("初始化后 后处理逻辑... 。beanName="+beanName);
return bean;
}
}
AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
spring的@autowired @value就是通过该BeanPostProcessor实现类实现的，源码如下：
public class AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor extends InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter
implements MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor, PriorityOrdered, BeanFactoryAware {
protected final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
private final Set<Class<? extends Annotation>> autowiredAnnotationTypes =
new LinkedHashSet<Class<? extends Annotation>>(4);
private String requiredParameterName = "required";
private boolean requiredParameterValue = true;
private int order = Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE - 2;
private ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory;
private final Set<String> lookupMethodsChecked =
Collections.newSetFromMap(new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Boolean>(256));
private final Map<Class<?>, Constructor<?>[]> candidateConstructorsCache =
new ConcurrentHashMap<Class<?>, Constructor<?>[]>(256);
private final Map<String, InjectionMetadata> injectionMetadataCache =
new ConcurrentHashMap<String, InjectionMetadata>(256);
/**
* Create a new AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
* for Spring's standard {@link Autowired} annotation.
* <p>Also supports JSR-330's {@link javax.inject.Inject} annotation, if available.
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor() {
this.autowiredAnnotationTypes.add(Autowired.class);
this.autowiredAnnotationTypes.add(Value.class);
try {
this.autowiredAnnotationTypes.add((Class<? extends Annotation>)
ClassUtils.forName("javax.inject.Inject", AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class.getClassLoader()));
logger.info("JSR-330 'javax.inject.Inject' annotation found and supported for autowiring");
}
catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
// JSR-330 API not available - simply skip.
}
}
/**
* Set the 'autowired' annotation type, to be used on constructors, fields,
* setter methods and arbitrary config methods.
* <p>The default autowired annotation type is the Spring-provided {@link Autowired}
* annotation, as well as {@link Value}.
* <p>This setter property exists so that developers can provide their own
* (non-Spring-specific) annotation type to indicate that a member is supposed
* to be autowired.
*/
public void setAutowiredAnnotationType(Class<? extends Annotation> autowiredAnnotationType) {
Assert.notNull(autowiredAnnotationType, "'autowiredAnnotationType' must not be null");
this.autowiredAnnotationTypes.clear();
this.autowiredAnnotationTypes.add(autowiredAnnotationType);
}
/**
* Set the 'autowired' annotation types, to be used on constructors, fields,
* setter methods and arbitrary config methods.
* <p>The default autowired annotation type is the Spring-provided {@link Autowired}
* annotation, as well as {@link Value}.
* <p>This setter property exists so that developers can provide their own
* (non-Spring-specific) annotation types to indicate that a member is supposed
* to be autowired.
*/
public void setAutowiredAnnotationTypes(Set<Class<? extends Annotation>> autowiredAnnotationTypes) {
Assert.notEmpty(autowiredAnnotationTypes, "'autowiredAnnotationTypes' must not be empty");
this.autowiredAnnotationTypes.clear();
this.autowiredAnnotationTypes.addAll(autowiredAnnotationTypes);
}
/**
* Set the name of a parameter of the annotation that specifies whether it is required.
* @see #setRequiredParameterValue(boolean)
*/
public void setRequiredParameterName(String requiredParameterName) {
this.requiredParameterName = requiredParameterName;
}
/**
* Set the boolean value that marks a dependency as required
* <p>For example if using 'required=true' (the default), this value should be
* {@code true}; but if using 'optional=false', this value should be {@code false}.
* @see #setRequiredParameterName(String)
*/
public void setRequiredParameterValue(boolean requiredParameterValue) {
this.requiredParameterValue = requiredParameterValue;
}
public void setOrder(int order) {
this.order = order;
}
@Override
public int getOrder() {
return this.order;
}
@Override
public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) {
if (!(beanFactory instanceof ConfigurableListableBeanFactory)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor requires a ConfigurableListableBeanFactory: " + beanFactory);
}
this.beanFactory = (ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) beanFactory;
}
@Override
public void postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, Class<?> beanType, String beanName) {
if (beanType != null) {
InjectionMetadata metadata = findAutowiringMetadata(beanName, beanType, null);
metadata.checkConfigMembers(beanDefinition);
}
}
@Override
public Constructor<?>[] determineCandidateConstructors(Class<?> beanClass, final String beanName)
throws BeanCreationException {
// Let's check for lookup methods here..
if (!this.lookupMethodsChecked.contains(beanName)) {
try {
ReflectionUtils.doWithMethods(beanClass, new ReflectionUtils.MethodCallback() {
@Override
public void doWith(Method method) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException {
Lookup lookup = method.getAnnotation(Lookup.class);
if (lookup != null) {
LookupOverride override = new LookupOverride(method, lookup.value());
try {
RootBeanDefinition mbd = (RootBeanDefinition) beanFactory.getMergedBeanDefinition(beanName);
mbd.getMethodOverrides().addOverride(override);
}
catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
"Cannot apply @Lookup to beans without corresponding bean definition");
}
}
}
});
}
catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Lookup method resolution failed", ex);
}
catch (NoClassDefFoundError err) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Failed to introspect bean class [" + beanClass.getName() +
"] for lookup method metadata: could not find class that it depends on", err);
}
this.lookupMethodsChecked.add(beanName);
}
// Quick check on the concurrent map first, with minimal locking.
Constructor<?>[] candidateConstructors = this.candidateConstructorsCache.get(beanClass);
if (candidateConstructors == null) {
// Fully synchronized resolution now...
synchronized (this.candidateConstructorsCache) {
candidateConstructors = this.candidateConstructorsCache.get(beanClass);
if (candidateConstructors == null) {
Constructor<?>[] rawCandidates;
try {
rawCandidates = beanClass.getDeclaredConstructors();
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
"Resolution of declared constructors on bean Class [" + beanClass.getName() +
"] from ClassLoader [" + beanClass.getClassLoader() + "] failed", ex);
}
List<Constructor<?>> candidates = new ArrayList<Constructor<?>>(rawCandidates.length);
Constructor<?> requiredConstructor = null;
Constructor<?> defaultConstructor = null;
for (Constructor<?> candidate : rawCandidates) {
AnnotationAttributes ann = findAutowiredAnnotation(candidate);
if (ann == null) {
Class<?> userClass = ClassUtils.getUserClass(beanClass);
if (userClass != beanClass) {
try {
Constructor<?> superCtor =
userClass.getDeclaredConstructor(candidate.getParameterTypes());
ann = findAutowiredAnnotation(superCtor);
}
catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) {
// Simply proceed, no equivalent superclass constructor found...
}
}
}
if (ann != null) {
if (requiredConstructor != null) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
"Invalid autowire-marked constructor: " + candidate +
". Found constructor with 'required' Autowired annotation already: " +
requiredConstructor);
}
boolean required = determineRequiredStatus(ann);
if (required) {
if (!candidates.isEmpty()) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
"Invalid autowire-marked constructors: " + candidates +
". Found constructor with 'required' Autowired annotation: " +
candidate);
}
requiredConstructor = candidate;
}
candidates.add(candidate);
}
else if (candidate.getParameterTypes().length == 0) {
defaultConstructor = candidate;
}
}
if (!candidates.isEmpty()) {
// Add default constructor to list of optional constructors, as fallback.
if (requiredConstructor == null) {
if (defaultConstructor != null) {
candidates.add(defaultConstructor);
}
else if (candidates.size() == 1 && logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Inconsistent constructor declaration on bean with name '" + beanName +
"': single autowire-marked constructor flagged as optional - " +
"this constructor is effectively required since there is no " +
"default constructor to fall back to: " + candidates.get(0));
}
}
candidateConstructors = candidates.toArray(new Constructor<?>[candidates.size()]);
}
else if (rawCandidates.length == 1 && rawCandidates[0].getParameterTypes().length > 0) {
candidateConstructors = new Constructor<?>[] {rawCandidates[0]};
}
else {
candidateConstructors = new Constructor<?>[0];
}
this.candidateConstructorsCache.put(beanClass, candidateConstructors);
}
}
}
return (candidateConstructors.length > 0 ? candidateConstructors : null);
}
@Override
public PropertyValues postProcessPropertyValues(
PropertyValues pvs, PropertyDescriptor[] pds, Object bean, String beanName) throws BeanCreationException {
InjectionMetadata metadata = findAutowiringMetadata(beanName, bean.getClass(), pvs);
try {
metadata.inject(bean, beanName, pvs);
}
catch (BeanCreationException ex) {
throw ex;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Injection of autowired dependencies failed", ex);
}
return pvs;
}
/**
* 'Native' processing method for direct calls with an arbitrary target instance,
* resolving all of its fields and methods which are annotated with {@code @Autowired}.
* @param bean the target instance to process
* @throws BeanCreationException if autowiring failed
*/
public void processInjection(Object bean) throws BeanCreationException {
Class<?> clazz = bean.getClass();
InjectionMetadata metadata = findAutowiringMetadata(clazz.getName(), clazz, null);
try {
metadata.inject(bean, null, null);
}
catch (BeanCreationException ex) {
throw ex;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
"Injection of autowired dependencies failed for class [" + clazz + "]", ex);
}
}
private InjectionMetadata findAutowiringMetadata(String beanName, Class<?> clazz, PropertyValues pvs) {
// Fall back to class name as cache key, for backwards compatibility with custom callers.
String cacheKey = (StringUtils.hasLength(beanName) ? beanName : clazz.getName());
// Quick check on the concurrent map first, with minimal locking.
InjectionMetadata metadata = this.injectionMetadataCache.get(cacheKey);
if (InjectionMetadata.needsRefresh(metadata, clazz)) {
synchronized (this.injectionMetadataCache) {
metadata = this.injectionMetadataCache.get(cacheKey);
if (InjectionMetadata.needsRefresh(metadata, clazz)) {
if (metadata != null) {
metadata.clear(pvs);
}
try {
metadata = buildAutowiringMetadata(clazz);
this.injectionMetadataCache.put(cacheKey, metadata);
}
catch (NoClassDefFoundError err) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to introspect bean class [" + clazz.getName() +
"] for autowiring metadata: could not find class that it depends on", err);
}
}
}
}
return metadata;
}
private InjectionMetadata buildAutowiringMetadata(final Class<?> clazz) {
LinkedList<InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement> elements = new LinkedList<InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement>();
Class<?> targetClass = clazz;
do {
final LinkedList<InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement> currElements =
new LinkedList<InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement>();
ReflectionUtils.doWithLocalFields(targetClass, new ReflectionUtils.FieldCallback() {
@Override
public void doWith(Field field) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException {
AnnotationAttributes ann = findAutowiredAnnotation(field);
if (ann != null) {
if (Modifier.isStatic(field.getModifiers())) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Autowired annotation is not supported on static fields: " + field);
}
return;
}
boolean required = determineRequiredStatus(ann);
currElements.add(new AutowiredFieldElement(field, required));
}
}
});
ReflectionUtils.doWithLocalMethods(targetClass, new ReflectionUtils.MethodCallback() {
@Override
public void doWith(Method method) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException {
Method bridgedMethod = BridgeMethodResolver.findBridgedMethod(method);
if (!BridgeMethodResolver.isVisibilityBridgeMethodPair(method, bridgedMethod)) {
return;
}
AnnotationAttributes ann = findAutowiredAnnotation(bridgedMethod);
if (ann != null && method.equals(ClassUtils.getMostSpecificMethod(method, clazz))) {
if (Modifier.isStatic(method.getModifiers())) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Autowired annotation is not supported on static methods: " + method);
}
return;
}
if (method.getParameterTypes().length == 0) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Autowired annotation should only be used on methods with parameters: " +
method);
}
}
boolean required = determineRequiredStatus(ann);
PropertyDescriptor pd = BeanUtils.findPropertyForMethod(bridgedMethod, clazz);
currElements.add(new AutowiredMethodElement(method, required, pd));
}
}
});
elements.addAll(0, currElements);
targetClass = targetClass.getSuperclass();
}
while (targetClass != null && targetClass != Object.class);
return new InjectionMetadata(clazz, elements);
}
private AnnotationAttributes findAutowiredAnnotation(AccessibleObject ao) {
if (ao.getAnnotations().length > 0) { // autowiring annotations have to be local
for (Class<? extends Annotation> type : this.autowiredAnnotationTypes) {
AnnotationAttributes attributes = AnnotatedElementUtils.getMergedAnnotationAttributes(ao, type);
if (attributes != null) {
return attributes;
}
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* Determine if the annotated field or method requires its dependency.
* <p>A 'required' dependency means that autowiring should fail when no beans
* are found. Otherwise, the autowiring process will simply bypass the field
* or method when no beans are found.
* @param ann the Autowired annotation
* @return whether the annotation indicates that a dependency is required
*/
protected boolean determineRequiredStatus(AnnotationAttributes ann) {
return (!ann.containsKey(this.requiredParameterName) ||
this.requiredParameterValue == ann.getBoolean(this.requiredParameterName));
}
/**
* Obtain all beans of the given type as autowire candidates.
* @param type the type of the bean
* @return the target beans, or an empty Collection if no bean of this type is found
* @throws BeansException if bean retrieval failed
*/
protected <T> Map<String, T> findAutowireCandidates(Class<T> type) throws BeansException {
if (this.beanFactory == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No BeanFactory configured - " +
"override the getBeanOfType method or specify the 'beanFactory' property");
}
return BeanFactoryUtils.beansOfTypeIncludingAncestors(this.beanFactory, type);
}
/**
* Register the specified bean as dependent on the autowired beans.
*/
private void registerDependentBeans(String beanName, Set<String> autowiredBeanNames) {
if (beanName != null) {
for (String autowiredBeanName : autowiredBeanNames) {
if (this.beanFactory.containsBean(autowiredBeanName)) {
this.beanFactory.registerDependentBean(autowiredBeanName, beanName);
}
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Autowiring by type from bean name '" + beanName +
"' to bean named '" + autowiredBeanName + "'");
}
}
}
}
/**
* Resolve the specified cached method argument or field value.
*/
private Object resolvedCachedArgument(String beanName, Object cachedArgument) {
if (cachedArgument instanceof DependencyDescriptor) {
DependencyDescriptor descriptor = (DependencyDescriptor) cachedArgument;
return this.beanFactory.resolveDependency(descriptor, beanName, null, null);
}
else {
return cachedArgument;
}
}
/**
* Class representing injection information about an annotated field.
*/
private class AutowiredFieldElement extends InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement {
private final boolean required;
private volatile boolean cached = false;
private volatile Object cachedFieldValue;
public AutowiredFieldElement(Field field, boolean required) {
super(field, null);
this.required = required;
}
@Override
protected void inject(Object bean, String beanName, PropertyValues pvs) throws Throwable {
Field field = (Field) this.member;
Object value;
if (this.cached) {
value = resolvedCachedArgument(beanName, this.cachedFieldValue);
}
else {
DependencyDescriptor desc = new DependencyDescriptor(field, this.required);
desc.setContainingClass(bean.getClass());
Set<String> autowiredBeanNames = new LinkedHashSet<String>(1);
TypeConverter typeConverter = beanFactory.getTypeConverter();
try {
value = beanFactory.resolveDependency(desc, beanName, autowiredBeanNames, typeConverter);
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
throw new UnsatisfiedDependencyException(null, beanName, new InjectionPoint(field), ex);
}
synchronized (this) {
if (!this.cached) {
if (value != null || this.required) {
this.cachedFieldValue = desc;
registerDependentBeans(beanName, autowiredBeanNames);
if (autowiredBeanNames.size() == 1) {
String autowiredBeanName = autowiredBeanNames.iterator().next();
if (beanFactory.containsBean(autowiredBeanName) &&
beanFactory.isTypeMatch(autowiredBeanName, field.getType())) {
this.cachedFieldValue = new ShortcutDependencyDescriptor(
desc, autowiredBeanName, field.getType());
}
}
}
else {
this.cachedFieldValue = null;
}
this.cached = true;
}
}
}
if (value != null) {
ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(field);
field.set(bean, value);
}
}
}
/**
* Class representing injection information about an annotated method.
*/
private class AutowiredMethodElement extends InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement {
private final boolean required;
private volatile boolean cached = false;
private volatile Object[] cachedMethodArguments;
public AutowiredMethodElement(Method method, boolean required, PropertyDescriptor pd) {
super(method, pd);
this.required = required;
}
@Override
protected void inject(Object bean, String beanName, PropertyValues pvs) throws Throwable {
if (checkPropertySkipping(pvs)) {
return;
}
Method method = (Method) this.member;
Object[] arguments;
if (this.cached) {
// Shortcut for avoiding synchronization...
arguments = resolveCachedArguments(beanName);
}
else {
Class<?>[] paramTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
arguments = new Object[paramTypes.length];
DependencyDescriptor[] descriptors = new DependencyDescriptor[paramTypes.length];
Set<String> autowiredBeans = new LinkedHashSet<String>(paramTypes.length);
TypeConverter typeConverter = beanFactory.getTypeConverter();
for (int i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
MethodParameter methodParam = new MethodParameter(method, i);
DependencyDescriptor currDesc = new DependencyDescriptor(methodParam, this.required);
currDesc.setContainingClass(bean.getClass());
descriptors[i] = currDesc;
try {
Object arg = beanFactory.resolveDependency(currDesc, beanName, autowiredBeans, typeConverter);
if (arg == null && !this.required) {
arguments = null;
break;
}
arguments[i] = arg;
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
throw new UnsatisfiedDependencyException(null, beanName, new InjectionPoint(methodParam), ex);
}
}
synchronized (this) {
if (!this.cached) {
if (arguments != null) {
this.cachedMethodArguments = new Object[paramTypes.length];
for (int i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
this.cachedMethodArguments[i] = descriptors[i];
}
registerDependentBeans(beanName, autowiredBeans);
if (autowiredBeans.size() == paramTypes.length) {
Iterator<String> it = autowiredBeans.iterator();
for (int i = 0; i < paramTypes.length; i++) {
String autowiredBeanName = it.next();
if (beanFactory.containsBean(autowiredBeanName)) {
if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(autowiredBeanName, paramTypes[i])) {
this.cachedMethodArguments[i] = new ShortcutDependencyDescriptor(
descriptors[i], autowiredBeanName, paramTypes[i]);
}
}
}
}
}
else {
this.cachedMethodArguments = null;
}
this.cached = true;
}
}
}
if (arguments != null) {
try {
ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(method);
method.invoke(bean, arguments);
}
catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
throw ex.getTargetException();
}
}
}
private Object[] resolveCachedArguments(String beanName) {
if (this.cachedMethodArguments == null) {
return null;
}
Object[] arguments = new Object[this.cachedMethodArguments.length];
for (int i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
arguments[i] = resolvedCachedArgument(beanName, this.cachedMethodArguments[i]);
}
return arguments;
}
}
/**
* DependencyDescriptor variant with a pre-resolved target bean name.
*/
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
private static class ShortcutDependencyDescriptor extends DependencyDescriptor {
private final String shortcut;
private final Class<?> requiredType;
public ShortcutDependencyDescriptor(DependencyDescriptor original, String shortcut, Class<?> requiredType) {
super(original);
this.shortcut = shortcut;
this.requiredType = requiredType;
}
@Override
public Object resolveShortcut(BeanFactory beanFactory) {
return resolveCandidate(this.shortcut, this.requiredType, beanFactory);
}
}
}
BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口
bean 工厂后处理器在 ApplicationContext 中声明时会自动运行，以便将更改应用于定义容器的配置元数据。
接口定义
在标准初始化之后修改应用程序上下文的内部 bean 工厂。 所有 bean 定义都将被加载，但尚未实例化任何 bean。 这甚至允许覆盖或添加属性，甚至是急切初始化的 bean。
public interface BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
/**
*
* Modify the application context's internal bean factory after its standard
* initialization. All bean definitions will have been loaded, but no beans
* will have been instantiated yet. This allows for overriding or adding
* properties even to eager-initializing beans.
* @param beanFactory the bean factory used by the application context
* @throws org.springframework.beans.BeansException in case of errors
*/
void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException;
}
用途
属性值外部化（读取标准的 Java 属性格式）
示例
PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer
您可以使用 PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer 使用标准的 Java 属性格式将属性值从一个单独的文件中的 bean 定义外部化。
PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer源码
public class PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer extends PlaceholderConfigurerSupport implements EnvironmentAware {
/**
* {@value} is the name given to the {@link PropertySource} for the set of
* {@linkplain #mergeProperties() merged properties} supplied to this configurer.
*/
public static final String LOCAL_PROPERTIES_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME = "localProperties";
/**
* {@value} is the name given to the {@link PropertySource} that wraps the
* {@linkplain #setEnvironment environment} supplied to this configurer.
*/
public static final String ENVIRONMENT_PROPERTIES_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME = "environmentProperties";
private MutablePropertySources propertySources;
private PropertySources appliedPropertySources;
private Environment environment;
/**
* Customize the set of {@link PropertySources} to be used by this configurer.
* <p>Setting this property indicates that environment property sources and
* local properties should be ignored.
* @see #postProcessBeanFactory
*/
public void setPropertySources(PropertySources propertySources) {
this.propertySources = new MutablePropertySources(propertySources);
}
/**
* {@code PropertySources} from the given {@link Environment}
* will be searched when replacing ${...} placeholders.
* @see #setPropertySources
* @see #postProcessBeanFactory
*/
@Override
public void setEnvironment(Environment environment) {
this.environment = environment;
}
/**
* Processing occurs by replacing ${...} placeholders in bean definitions by resolving each
* against this configurer's set of {@link PropertySources}, which includes:
* <ul>
* <li>all {@linkplain org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment#getPropertySources
* environment property sources}, if an {@code Environment} {@linkplain #setEnvironment is present}
* <li>{@linkplain #mergeProperties merged local properties}, if {@linkplain #setLocation any}
* {@linkplain #setLocations have} {@linkplain #setProperties been}
* {@linkplain #setPropertiesArray specified}
* <li>any property sources set by calling {@link #setPropertySources}
* </ul>
* <p>If {@link #setPropertySources} is called, <strong>environment and local properties will be
* ignored</strong>. This method is designed to give the user fine-grained control over property
* sources, and once set, the configurer makes no assumptions about adding additional sources.
*/
@Override
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
if (this.propertySources == null) {
this.propertySources = new MutablePropertySources();
if (this.environment != null) {
this.propertySources.addLast(
new PropertySource<Environment>(ENVIRONMENT_PROPERTIES_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME, this.environment) {
@Override
public String getProperty(String key) {
return this.source.getProperty(key);
}
}
);
}
try {
PropertySource<?> localPropertySource =
new PropertiesPropertySource(LOCAL_PROPERTIES_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME, mergeProperties());
if (this.localOverride) {
this.propertySources.addFirst(localPropertySource);
}
else {
this.propertySources.addLast(localPropertySource);
}
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new BeanInitializationException("Could not load properties", ex);
}
}
processProperties(beanFactory, new PropertySourcesPropertyResolver(this.propertySources));
this.appliedPropertySources = this.propertySources;
}
/**
* Visit each bean definition in the given bean factory and attempt to replace ${...} property
* placeholders with values from the given properties.
*/
protected void processProperties(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactoryToProcess,
final ConfigurablePropertyResolver propertyResolver) throws BeansException {
propertyResolver.setPlaceholderPrefix(this.placeholderPrefix);
propertyResolver.setPlaceholderSuffix(this.placeholderSuffix);
propertyResolver.setValueSeparator(this.valueSeparator);
StringValueResolver valueResolver = new StringValueResolver() {
@Override
public String resolveStringValue(String strVal) {
String resolved = (ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders ?
propertyResolver.resolvePlaceholders(strVal) :
propertyResolver.resolveRequiredPlaceholders(strVal));
if (trimValues) {
resolved = resolved.trim();
}
return (resolved.equals(nullValue) ? null : resolved);
}
};
doProcessProperties(beanFactoryToProcess, valueResolver);
}
/**
* Implemented for compatibility with
* {@link org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PlaceholderConfigurerSupport}.
* @deprecated in favor of
* {@link #processProperties(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory, ConfigurablePropertyResolver)}
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException in this implementation
*/
@Override
@Deprecated
protected void processProperties(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, Properties props) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
"Call processProperties(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory, ConfigurablePropertyResolver) instead");
}
/**
* Return the property sources that were actually applied during
* {@link #postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) post-processing}.
* @return the property sources that were applied
* @throws IllegalStateException if the property sources have not yet been applied
* @since 4.0
*/
public PropertySources getAppliedPropertySources() throws IllegalStateException {
Assert.state(this.appliedPropertySources != null, "PropertySources have not yet been applied");
return this.appliedPropertySources;
}
}
指定外部化配置文件
- 通过定义PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer bean
- <context:property-placeholder location=“”/>
bean属性读取外部配置
${properties文件中的名称}
PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer 不仅在您指定的属性文件中查找属性。 默认情况下，如果在指定的属性文件中找不到属性，它会检查 Spring Environment 属性和常规 Java System 属性。
PropertyOverrideConfigurer
可以直接通过properties 文件覆盖bean的属性值，而不需要使用${}实现，properties 文件内容是：beanName.property=value
PropertyOverrideConfigurer 源码
public class PropertyOverrideConfigurer extends PropertyResourceConfigurer {
/**
* The default bean name separator.
*/
public static final String DEFAULT_BEAN_NAME_SEPARATOR = ".";
private String beanNameSeparator = DEFAULT_BEAN_NAME_SEPARATOR;
private boolean ignoreInvalidKeys = false;
/**
* Contains names of beans that have overrides.
*/
private final Set<String> beanNames = Collections.newSetFromMap(new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Boolean>(16));
/**
* Set the separator to expect between bean name and property path.
* Default is a dot (".").
*/
public void setBeanNameSeparator(String beanNameSeparator) {
this.beanNameSeparator = beanNameSeparator;
}
/**
* Set whether to ignore invalid keys. Default is "false".
* <p>If you ignore invalid keys, keys that do not follow the 'beanName.property' format
* (or refer to invalid bean names or properties) will just be logged at debug level.
* This allows one to have arbitrary other keys in a properties file.
*/
public void setIgnoreInvalidKeys(boolean ignoreInvalidKeys) {
this.ignoreInvalidKeys = ignoreInvalidKeys;
}
@Override
protected void processProperties(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, Properties props)
throws BeansException {
for (Enumeration<?> names = props.propertyNames(); names.hasMoreElements();) {
String key = (String) names.nextElement();
try {
processKey(beanFactory, key, props.getProperty(key));
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
String msg = "Could not process key '" + key + "' in PropertyOverrideConfigurer";
if (!this.ignoreInvalidKeys) {
throw new BeanInitializationException(msg, ex);
}
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug(msg, ex);
}
}
}
}
/**
* Process the given key as 'beanName.property' entry.
*/
protected void processKey(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory factory, String key, String value)
throws BeansException {
int separatorIndex = key.indexOf(this.beanNameSeparator);
if (separatorIndex == -1) {
throw new BeanInitializationException("Invalid key '" + key +
"': expected 'beanName" + this.beanNameSeparator + "property'");
}
String beanName = key.substring(0, separatorIndex);
String beanProperty = key.substring(separatorIndex + 1);
this.beanNames.add(beanName);
applyPropertyValue(factory, beanName, beanProperty, value);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Property '" + key + "' set to value [" + value + "]");
}
}
/**
* Apply the given property value to the corresponding bean.
*/
protected void applyPropertyValue(
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory factory, String beanName, String property, String value) {
BeanDefinition bd = factory.getBeanDefinition(beanName);
BeanDefinition bdToUse = bd;
while (bd != null) {
bdToUse = bd;
bd = bd.getOriginatingBeanDefinition();
}
PropertyValue pv = new PropertyValue(property, value);
pv.setOptional(this.ignoreInvalidKeys);
bdToUse.getPropertyValues().addPropertyValue(pv);
}
/**
* Were there overrides for this bean?
* Only valid after processing has occurred at least once.
* @param beanName name of the bean to query status for
* @return whether there were property overrides for the named bean
*/
public boolean hasPropertyOverridesFor(String beanName) {
return this.beanNames.contains(beanName);
}
}
FactoryBean接口
实现FactoryBean接口
接口定义
public interface FactoryBean<T> {
/**
* Return an instance (possibly shared or independent) of the object
* managed by this factory.
* <p>As with a {@link BeanFactory}, this allows support for both the
* Singleton and Prototype design pattern.
* <p>If this FactoryBean is not fully initialized yet at the time of
* the call (for example because it is involved in a circular reference),
* throw a corresponding {@link FactoryBeanNotInitializedException}.
* <p>As of Spring 2.0, FactoryBeans are allowed to return {@code null}
* objects. The factory will consider this as normal value to be used; it
* will not throw a FactoryBeanNotInitializedException in this case anymore.
* FactoryBean implementations are encouraged to throw
* FactoryBeanNotInitializedException themselves now, as appropriate.
* @return an instance of the bean (can be {@code null})
* @throws Exception in case of creation errors
* @see FactoryBeanNotInitializedException
*/
T getObject() throws Exception;
/**
* Return the type of object that this FactoryBean creates,
* or {@code null} if not known in advance.
* <p>This allows one to check for specific types of beans without
* instantiating objects, for example on autowiring.
* <p>In the case of implementations that are creating a singleton object,
* this method should try to avoid singleton creation as far as possible;
* it should rather estimate the type in advance.
* For prototypes, returning a meaningful type here is advisable too.
* <p>This method can be called <i>before</i> this FactoryBean has
* been fully initialized. It must not rely on state created during
* initialization; of course, it can still use such state if available.
* <p><b>NOTE:</b> Autowiring will simply ignore FactoryBeans that return
* {@code null} here. Therefore it is highly recommended to implement
* this method properly, using the current state of the FactoryBean.
* @return the type of object that this FactoryBean creates,
* or {@code null} if not known at the time of the call
* @see ListableBeanFactory#getBeansOfType
*/
Class<?> getObjectType();
/**
* Is the object managed by this factory a singleton? That is,
* will {@link #getObject()} always return the same object
* (a reference that can be cached)?
* <p><b>NOTE:</b> If a FactoryBean indicates to hold a singleton object,
* the object returned from {@code getObject()} might get cached
* by the owning BeanFactory. Hence, do not return {@code true}
* unless the FactoryBean always exposes the same reference.
* <p>The singleton status of the FactoryBean itself will generally
* be provided by the owning BeanFactory; usually, it has to be
* defined as singleton there.
* <p><b>NOTE:</b> This method returning {@code false} does not
* necessarily indicate that returned objects are independent instances.
* An implementation of the extended {@link SmartFactoryBean} interface
* may explicitly indicate independent instances through its
* {@link SmartFactoryBean#isPrototype()} method. Plain {@link FactoryBean}
* implementations which do not implement this extended interface are
* simply assumed to always return independent instances if the
* {@code isSingleton()} implementation returns {@code false}.
* @return whether the exposed object is a singleton
* @see #getObject()
* @see SmartFactoryBean#isPrototype()
*/
boolean isSingleton();
}
FactoryBean 概念和接口在 Spring Framework 中的许多地方使用。超过 50 种 FactoryBean 接口的实现与 Spring 本身一起提供。
当您需要向容器请求实际的 FactoryBean 实例本身而不是它生成的 bean 时，请在调用 ApplicationContext 的 getBean() 方法时在 bean 的 id 前面加上与符号 (&)。 因此，对于具有 myBean id 的给定 FactoryBean，在容器上调用 getBean(“myBean”) 会返回 FactoryBean 的产品，而调用 getBean(“&myBean”) 会返回 FactoryBean 实例本身。
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