Android 实现拍照、录像

Android 手机拍照，录像是必备的功能

1、camera 是拍照的关键类，借助这个类，可以很方便的实现我们的拍照功能
下面来详细的代码：
需要的权限：

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO"></uses-permission>

activity 代码：

  <SurfaceView
        android:layout_width="300dp"
        android:layout_height="400dp"
        android:id="@+id/sfv_camera_surface"
        />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="takePhoto"
        android:background="@android:drawable/ic_menu_camera"
        />

界面简单的弄了一个surfaceView和一个Button

接下来初始化控件
java 代码：

@Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_camera);
        sfv_camera_surface = (SurfaceView) findViewById(R.id.sfv_camera_surface);
        sfv_camera_surface.getHolder().addCallback(new Callback() {

            @Override
            public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                if (camera != null) {
                    camera.stopPreview();
                    camera.release();
                    camera = null;
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                // 打开相机
                initPreview();
            }

            @Override
            public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub

            }
        });

    }

    /**
     * 初始化相机
     */
    public void initPreview() {
        camera = Camera.open(CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_BACK);
        // 将画面展示到surfaceView上
        try {
            camera.setPreviewDisplay(sfv_camera_surface.getHolder());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        setCameraDisplayOrientation(this, CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_BACK, camera);
        // 开启预览效果
        camera.startPreview();
    }

    /**
     * 该方法参考 android中Camera setDisplayOrientation使用
     * http://blog.csdn.net/fengye810130/article/details/11614427
     * 
     * @param activity
     * @param cameraId
     * @param camera
     */
    public static void setCameraDisplayOrientation(Activity activity, int cameraId, android.hardware.Camera camera) {
        android.hardware.Camera.CameraInfo info = new android.hardware.Camera.CameraInfo();
        android.hardware.Camera.getCameraInfo(cameraId, info);
        int rotation = activity.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getRotation();
        int degrees = 0;
        switch (rotation) {
        case Surface.ROTATION_0:
            degrees = 0;
            break;
        case Surface.ROTATION_90:
            degrees = 90;
            break;
        case Surface.ROTATION_180:
            degrees = 180;
            break;
        case Surface.ROTATION_270:
            degrees = 270;
            break;
        }
        int result;
        if (info.facing == Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_FRONT) {
            result = (info.orientation + degrees) % 360;
            result = (360 - result) % 360; // compensate the mirror
        } else {
            // back-facing
            result = (info.orientation - degrees + 360) % 360;
        }
        camera.setDisplayOrientation(result);
    }

上面已经把相机打开并投影到surfaceView上

接下来拍照就比较简单了
实现PictureCallback接口

/**
     * takePhoto
     * 
     * @param view
     */
    public void takePhoto(View view) {
        camera.takePicture(null, null, new Camera.PictureCallback() {

            @Override
            public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                // 技术：图片压缩技术

                Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0, data.length);

                try {
                    FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(
                            "/mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/" + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");
                    bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 85, fos);
                    // fos.write(data);
                    //停止
                    camera.stopPreview();
                    //再次开启
                    camera.startPreview();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
    }

2、录像
首先实例化媒体录制器
然后在点击开始按钮时，设置媒体录制器的参数（具体参数查看API）
java 代码：

@Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_recorder);
        sfv_recorder_video = (SurfaceView)findViewById(R.id.sfv_recorder_video);

        //实例化媒体录制器
        mediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder();

    }

    /**
     * start recorder video
     * @param view
     */
    public void start(View view){
         mediaRecorder.reset();

            mediaRecorder.setVideoSource(MediaRecorder.VideoSource.CAMERA);
            mediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);

            //设置格式
            mediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.MPEG_4);

            mediaRecorder.setVideoEncoder(MediaRecorder.VideoEncoder.H263);
            mediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AMR_NB);

            //设置保存路径
            mediaRecorder.setOutputFile("/mnt/sdcard/G150820_"+System.currentTimeMillis()+".mp4");

            mediaRecorder.setPreviewDisplay(sfv_recorder_video.getHolder().getSurface());

            try {
                mediaRecorder.prepare();
                mediaRecorder.start();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

    }


    /**
     * stop recorder
     * @param view
     */
    public void stop(View view){
         if(mediaRecorder!=null){
                mediaRecorder.stop();
                mediaRecorder.release();
                mediaRecorder=null;
            }
    }

录制出来的视频可能不是很清楚，不过录制已经没问题，可以在输出路径找到录制的视频

参考：http://blog.csdn.net/lincyang/article/details/45789815