实现网络打印的办法
1、 IE打印
缺点：原文件的打印格式比较固定
优点：减轻了服务器的工作负荷
1） 利用JS实现只打印想打印的部分
<script language="javascript">
function preview()
{
bdhtml=window.document.body.innerHTML;
sprnstr="<!--startprint-->";
eprnstr="<!--endprint-->";
prnhtml=bdhtml.substr(bdhtml.indexOf(sprnstr)+17);
prnhtml=prnhtml.substring(0,prnhtml.indexOf(eprnstr));
window.document.body.innerHTML=prnhtml;
window.print();
}
</script>
<!--startprint-->
打印的部分（DataView控件）
<!--endprint-->
<input type="button" name="print" value="预览并打印" οnclick="preview()">
2) 利用IE隐藏不打印的部分
<style>
@media Print { .Noprn { DISPLAY: none }}
</style>
<p class="Noprn">不打印得部分</p>
<input class="Noprn" type="button" οnclick="window.print()" value="print">
2、 利用WebBrower控件打印
缺点：增加了服务的负担
优点：格式比较灵活
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.SessionState;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Text;
namespace ASPNETPrint
{
/// <summary>
/// PrintClass 的摘要说明。
/// </summary>
public class PrintClass
{
public PrintClass()
{
//
// TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
//
}
/// <summary>
/// 拼出要打印的表
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ds">DATASET</param>
/// <param name="dg">DATAGRID</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string DGPrint(DataSet ds)
{
//*************************************************************//
DataTable myDataTable=new DataTable();
myDataTable=ds.Tables[0];
int myRow=myDataTable.Rows.Count;
int myCol=myDataTable.Columns.Count;
StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder();
string colHeaders="<html><body>"+
"<object ID='WebBrowser' WIDTH=0 HEIGHT=0 CLASSID='CLSID:8856F961-340A-11D0-A96B-00C04FD705A2'VIEWASTEXT></object>"
+"<table><tr>";
for(int i=0;i<myCol;i++)
{
//显示列名
colHeaders +="<td>"+ myDataTable.Columns[i].ColumnName.ToString()+"</td>";
}
colHeaders += "</tr>";
sb.Append(colHeaders);
for(int i=0;i<myRow;i++)
{
sb.Append("<tr>");
for(int j=0;j<myCol;j++)
{
sb.Append("<td>");
//显示每一行每一列的数据
sb.Append(myDataTable.Rows[i][j].ToString().Trim());
sb.Append("</td>");
}
sb.Append("</tr>");
}
sb.Append("</table></body></html>");
colHeaders=sb.ToString();
//打印
colHeaders+="<script languge='javascript'>WebBrowser.ExecWB(6,1); window.opener=null;window.close();</script>" ;
return(colHeaders);
//*************************************************************//
}
/// <summary>
/// 拼出要打印的表
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dg">datagrid</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string DGPrint(DataGrid dg)
{
int myRow=dg.Items.Count;
int myCol=dg.Columns.Count;
StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder();
string colHeaders="<html><body>"+
"<object ID='WebBrowser' WIDTH=0 HEIGHT=0 CLASSID='CLSID:8856F961-340A-11D0-A96B-00C04FD705A2'VIEWASTEXT></object>"
+"<table><tr>";
for(int i=0;i<myCol;i++)
{
//显示DataGrir的列头
colHeaders +="<td>"+ dg.Columns[i].HeaderText.ToString()+"</td>";
}
colHeaders += "</tr>";
sb.Append(colHeaders);
for(int i=0;i<myRow;i++)
{
sb.Append("<tr>");
for(int j=0;j<myCol;j++)
{
sb.Append("<td>");
//显示数据
sb.Append(dg.Items[i].Cells[j].Text.Trim());
sb.Append("</td>");
}
sb.Append("</tr>");
}
sb.Append("</table></body></html>");
colHeaders=sb.ToString();
打印并预览
colHeaders+="<script languge='javascript'>WebBrowser.ExecWB(7,1); window.opener=null;window.close();</script>" ;
return(colHeaders);
}
}
}
利用服务器段的控件btnPrint
private void btnPrint_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
PrintClass myP = new PrintClass();
Response.Write(myP.DGPrint(Bind()));
}
3、 导出到Excel或Word然后再打印
缺点：客户端必须安装Excel,World等，并且客户端有运行服务器端Office的权利和服务器有写入客户端文件夹文件的权利，因为文件是保存在客户端的。
优点：格式比较灵活，你可以对导出的数据进行进一步的设计（总数，平均等）
实现：一般要求保存的数据，和格式不固定单据
1） 利用DataGrid
private void btnMIME_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
BindData();
Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "inline;filename="
+ HttpUtility.UrlEncode("下载文件.xls",Encoding.UTF8
) );
//如果输出为Word，修改为以下代码
//Response.ContentType = "application/ms-word"
//Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "inline;filename=test.doc")
StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder();
System.IO.StringWriter sw = new System.IO.StringWriter(sb);
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(sw);
sb.Append("<html><body>");
//前台的DataGrid
dgShow.RenderControl(hw);
sb.Append("</body></html>");
Response.Write(sb.ToString());
Response.End();
}
2） 利用DataSet,在项目中必须导入Excel的控件的类库
private void btnCom_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
DateSet ds= BindData()；
strExcelFileName= Server.MapPath("ComExcel.xls")；
if (ds.Tables.Count==0 || strExcelFileName=="")
{
Return ;
}
Else
{
Excel.Application excel= new Excel.Application();
int rowIndex=1;
int colIndex=0;
excel.Application.Workbooks.Add(true);
System.Data.DataTable table=ds.Tables[0] ;
foreach(DataColumn col in table.Columns)
{
colIndex++;
excel.Cells[1,colIndex]=col.ColumnName;
}
foreach(DataRow row in table.Rows)
{
rowIndex++;
colIndex=0;
foreach(DataColumn col in table.Columns)
{
colIndex++;
excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex]=row[col.ColumnName].ToString();
}
}
excel.Visible=false;
excel.ActiveWorkbook.SaveAs(strExcelFileName+".XLS",Excel.XlFileFormat.xlExcel9795,null,null,false,false,Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange,null,null,null,null,null);
excel.Quit();
excel=null;
GC.Collect();//垃圾回收
}
}
4、 利用xml实现
Xml：数据的集合 xsl：数据的显示样式
缺点：客户端需要NetFramework
优点：格式比较灵活，用于数据量小的情况
1--Xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<Students>
<Student ID="1">
<Name>John Doe</Name>
<Age>18</Age>
<GPA>3.95</GPA>
<LockerCombination>10-12-35</LockerCombination>
<Class Title="Biology" Room="100" />
<Class Title="English Lit" Room="101" />
</Student>
</Students>
1--Xsl
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0">
<xsl:template match="/">
<html>
<head>
<title>Students Listing</title>
</head>
<body>
<table width="750" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" style="border:1px; border-style:solid; border-color:#000000;">
<tr bgcolor="#E6E6FA">
<td align="middle" colspan="3">
<font size="2"><b>Student Listing</b></font>
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#E6E6FA">
<td>
<font size="2"><b>Student</b></font>
</td>
<td>
<font size="2"><b>GPA</b></font>
</td>
<td>
<font size="2"><b>Age</b></font>
</td>
</tr>
<xsl:for-each select="//Student">
<tr>
<td>
<font size="2">
<b><xsl:value-of select="Name" /></b>
</font>
</td>
<td>
<font size="2">
<b><xsl:value-of select="GPA" /></b>
</font>
</td>
<td>
<font size="2">
<b><xsl:value-of select="Age" /></b>
</font>
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor="#eff7de">
<td colspan="3">
<table width="100%" border="0" style="border:1px; border-style:solid; border-color:#c0c0c0;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3">
<xsl:for-each select="Class">
<tr>
<td width="75%">
<font size="2"><xsl:value-of select="@Title" /></font>
</td>
<td align="right" width="25%">
<font size="2">Room <xsl:value-of select="@Room" /></font>
</td>
</tr>
</xsl:for-each>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</xsl:for-each>
</table>
</body>
</html>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
private void Page_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
XslTransform xslt = new XslTransform();
xslt.Load(Server.MapPath( "StudentsToHTML.xsl") );
XPathDocument XDoc = new XPathDocument(Server.MapPath( "Students.XML" ));
XmlWriter writer = new XmlTextWriter( Server.MapPath("Students.html"), System.Text.Encoding.UTF8 );
xslt.Transform( XDoc, null, writer );
writer.Close();
Response.Redirect("Students.html");
}
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