MFC第八天 基本数据类型介绍

CPoint、CSize和CRect（POINT和SIZE、RECT的派生类)

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CRect

CRect类是MFC中用于表示矩形的类。它提供了方便的方法来操作矩形的位置和大小。CRect类常用于图形绘制、窗口管理和布局等场景。

可以用于绘制矩形、椭圆、圆等图形时需要指定其位置和大小。此外，CRect类还常用于窗口管理，可以通过CRect对象来设置窗口的位置和大小。它还可以用于布局操作，例如计算矩形的交集、并集等。

CRect类说明

typedef struct tagRECT
{
    LONG    left;	//矩形的左边界
    LONG    top;	//矩形的上边界
    LONG    right;	//矩形的右边界
    LONG    bottom;  //矩形的下边界
} RECT, *PRECT, NEAR *NPRECT, FAR *LPRECT;

class CRect :
	public tagRECT
{
// Constructors
public:
	// uninitialized rectangle
	CRect() throw();
	// from left, top, right, and bottom
	CRect(
		_In_ int l,
		_In_ int t,
		_In_ int r,
		_In_ int b) throw();
	// copy constructor
	CRect(_In_ const RECT& srcRect) throw();

	// from a pointer to another rect
//typedef const RECT* LPCRECT ;
	CRect(_In_ LPCRECT lpSrcRect) throw();
	// from a point and size
	CRect(
		_In_ POINT point,
		_In_ SIZE size) throw()
{
left = point.x;
top = point.y;
right = point.x+size.cx;
bottom = point.y+size.cy;
}
	// from two points
	CRect(
		_In_ POINT topLeft,
		_In_ POINT bottomRight) throw();
{
left = topLeft.x;
right = bottomRight.x;

}

// Attributes (in addition to RECT members)

	// retrieves the width
	int Width() const throw();
	// returns the height
	int Height() const throw();
	// returns the size
	CSize Size() const throw();
	// reference to the top-left point
	CPoint& TopLeft() throw();
	// reference to the bottom-right point
	CPoint& BottomRight() throw();
	// const reference to the top-left point
	const CPoint& TopLeft() const throw();
	// const reference to the bottom-right point
	const CPoint& BottomRight() const throw();
	// the geometric center point of the rectangle
	CPoint CenterPoint() const throw();
	// swap the left and right
	void SwapLeftRight() throw();
	static void WINAPI SwapLeftRight(_Inout_ LPRECT lpRect) throw();

	// convert between CRect and LPRECT/LPCRECT (no need for &)
	operator LPRECT() throw(); //自动把对象转为指针类型。
	operator LPCRECT() const throw();//自动把对象转为指针类型。

	// returns TRUE if rectangle has no area
	BOOL IsRectEmpty() const throw();
	// returns TRUE if rectangle is at (0,0) and has no area
	BOOL IsRectNull() const throw();
	// returns TRUE if point is within rectangle
	BOOL PtInRect(_In_ POINT point) const throw(); 某个点是否在矩形区域内

// Operations
//修改
	// set rectangle from left, top, right, and bottom	设置矩形的位置和大小。
	void SetRect(	
		_In_ int x1,
		_In_ int y1,
		_In_ int x2,
		_In_ int y2) throw();
	void SetRect(
		_In_ POINT topLeft,
		_In_ POINT bottomRight) throw();
	// empty the rectangle
	void SetRectEmpty() throw();//4个数值清零	将矩形设置为空矩形
	// copy from another rectangle
	void CopyRect(_In_ LPCRECT lpSrcRect) throw();
	// TRUE if exactly the same as another rectangle
	BOOL EqualRect(_In_ LPCRECT lpRect) const throw();

	// Inflate rectangle's width and height by
	// x units to the left and right ends of the rectangle
	// and y units to the top and bottom.
	void InflateRect(
		_In_ int x,
		_In_ int y) throw();
	// Inflate rectangle's width and height by
	// size.cx units to the left and right ends of the rectangle
	// and size.cy units to the top and bottom.
	void InflateRect(_In_ SIZE size) throw();
	// Inflate rectangle's width and height by moving individual sides.
	// Left side is moved to the left, right side is moved to the right,
	// top is moved up and bottom is moved down.
	void InflateRect(_In_ LPCRECT lpRect) throw();
	void InflateRect(
		_In_ int l,
		_In_ int t,
		_In_ int r,
		_In_ int b) throw();

	// deflate the rectangle's width and height without
	// moving its top or left
	void DeflateRect(
		_In_ int x,
		_In_ int y) throw();
	void DeflateRect(_In_ SIZE size) throw();
	void DeflateRect(_In_ LPCRECT lpRect) throw();
	void DeflateRect(
		_In_ int l,
		_In_ int t,
		_In_ int r,
		_In_ int b) throw();

	// translate the rectangle by moving its top and left
	void OffsetRect(	//将矩形对象的位置按指定的偏移量进行平移
		_In_ int x,
		_In_ int y) throw();
	void OffsetRect(_In_ SIZE size) throw();
	void OffsetRect(_In_ POINT point) throw();
	void NormalizeRect() throw();

	// absolute position of rectangle
	void MoveToY(_In_ int y) throw();
	void MoveToX(_In_ int x) throw();
	void MoveToXY(
		_In_ int x,
		_In_ int y) throw();
	void MoveToXY(_In_ POINT point) throw();

	// set this rectangle to intersection of two others
	BOOL IntersectRect(
		_In_ LPCRECT lpRect1,
		_In_ LPCRECT lpRect2) throw();

	// set this rectangle to bounding union of two others
	BOOL UnionRect(
		_In_ LPCRECT lpRect1,
		_In_ LPCRECT lpRect2) throw();

	// set this rectangle to minimum of two others
	BOOL SubtractRect(
		_In_ LPCRECT lpRectSrc1,
		_In_ LPCRECT lpRectSrc2) throw();

// Additional Operations
	void operator=(_In_ const RECT& srcRect) throw();//将一个矩形对象的坐标值赋给另一个矩形对象
	BOOL operator==(_In_ const RECT& rect) const throw();
	BOOL operator!=(_In_ const RECT& rect) const throw();
	void operator+=(_In_ POINT point) throw();
	void operator+=(_In_ SIZE size) throw();
	void operator+=(_In_ LPCRECT lpRect) throw();
	void operator-=(_In_ POINT point) throw();
	void operator-=(_In_ SIZE size) throw();
	void operator-=(_In_ LPCRECT lpRect) throw();
	void operator&=(_In_ const RECT& rect) throw();
	void operator|=(_In_ const RECT& rect) throw();

通过点击按钮使窗口进行偏移

void CCRectDlg::OnBnClickedButton1()
{
	CRect rect;
	GetWindowRect(rect);
	rect.OffsetRect(3, 5);
	
	CSize size = rect.Size();  
	 // CSize(right - left, bottom - top) 返回cx,cy 高宽 CSzie这个表示高宽的时候用 把高宽和在一起

	MoveWindow(rect);
}

CPoint

CPoint类是MFC中用于表示二维平面上的点的类。它被广泛应用于图形绘制、鼠标操作和窗口管理。

在图形绘制中，可以使用CPoint对象来表示图形的顶点坐标，通过操作CPoint对象的坐标属性可以方便地绘制各种图形。在鼠标操作中，可以使用CPoint对象来表示鼠标的位置，从而实现对鼠标事件的处理。在窗口管理中，可以使用CPoint对象来表示窗口的位置，通过操作CPoint对象的坐标属性可以实现窗口的移动和调整。

CPoint类说明

class CPoint :
	public tagPOINT
{
public:
// Constructors

	// create an uninitialized point
	CPoint() throw();	默认构造函数，创建一个坐标为(0, 0)的点。
	// create from two integers
	CPoint(				带参数的构造函数，根据给定的x和y坐标创建一个点。
		_In_ int initX,
		_In_ int initY) throw();
	// create from another point
	CPoint(_In_ POINT initPt) throw();
	// create from a size
	CPoint(_In_ SIZE initSize) throw();
	// create from an LPARAM: x = LOWORD(dw) y = HIWORD(dw)
	CPoint(_In_ LPARAM dwPoint) throw();

// Operations
// translate the point
偏移：Offset
	void Offset(		将点在x和y方向上分别偏移dx和dy个单位。可以用于移动点的位置。
		_In_ int xOffset,
		_In_ int yOffset) throw();
	void Offset(_In_ POINT point) throw();
	void Offset(_In_ SIZE size) throw();
//修改
	void SetPoint(
		_In_ int X,
		_In_ int Y) throw();
//重载相等运算符，判断两个点是否相等。如果两个点的x和y坐标都相等，则返回TRUE，否则返回FALSE。
	BOOL operator==(_In_ POINT point) const throw();
//重载不等运算符，判断两个点是否不相等。如果两个点的x和y坐标至少有一个不相等，则返回TRUE，否则返回FALSE。
	BOOL operator!=(_In_ POINT point) const throw();
	void operator+=(_In_ SIZE size) throw();
	void operator-=(_In_ SIZE size) throw();
	void operator+=(_In_ POINT point) throw();
	void operator-=(_In_ POINT point) throw();
};

CSize

CSize类是MFC中用于表示二维平面上的大小的类。它通常用于指定图形对象的尺寸、窗口的大小、位图的尺寸等。CSize类提供了方便的方法来操作大小的宽度和高度。主要来获取对应的宽高。

可以用于指定图形对象的大小，例如绘制矩形、椭圆、圆等图形时需要指定其大小。此外，CSize类还常用于窗口管理，可以通过CSize对象来设置窗口的大小或获取窗口的大小。

CSize类说明

//高宽合并的结构体cx,cy
class CSize : 
	public tagSIZE
{
public:

// Constructors
	// construct an uninitialized size
	CSize() throw();	//默认构造函数，创建一个大小为0的CSize对象。
	// create from two integers
	CSize(		//根据给定的宽度(cx)和高度(cy)创建一个CSize对象。
		_In_ int initCX,
		_In_ int initCY) throw();
	// create from another size
	CSize(_In_ SIZE initSize) throw();
	// create from a point
	CSize(_In_ POINT initPt) throw();
	// create from a DWORD: cx = LOWORD(dw) cy = HIWORD(dw)
	CSize(_In_ DWORD dwSize) throw();

// Operations
	BOOL operator==(_In_ SIZE size) const throw();
	BOOL operator!=(_In_ SIZE size) const throw();
	void operator+=(_In_ SIZE size) throw();
	void operator-=(_In_ SIZE size) throw();
	void SetSize(_In_ int CX, _In_ int CY) throw();

// Operators returning CSize values
	CSize operator+(_In_ SIZE size) const throw();
	CSize operator-(_In_ SIZE size) const throw();
	CSize operator-() const throw();

// Operators returning CPoint values
	CPoint operator+(_In_ POINT point) const throw();
	CPoint operator-(_In_ POINT point) const throw();

// Operators returning CRect values
	CRect operator+(_In_ const RECT* lpRect) const throw();
	CRect operator-(_In_ const RECT* lpRect) const throw();
};

附录

1、消息被控件捕获父窗口窗口无法获取

两种解决办法1、使用控件派生类；2、使用WM_SETCURSOR消息。

BOOL CBossDlg::OnSetCursor(CWnd* pWnd, UINT nHitTest, UINT message) //光标切换消息
{
	CString str;
	pWnd->GetWindowText(str);
	TRACE(str + _T("\r\n"));

	return CDialogEx::OnSetCursor(pWnd, nHitTest, message);
}

2、CWnd类的坐标系转换函数：（来自于API）

a)ScreenToClient：屏幕坐标系转为某主窗口的客户区坐标系
void ScreenToClient(    LPPOINT lpPoint  ) const; 
void ScreenToClient(    LPRECT lpRect  ) const;
b)ClientToScreen：以上的反向转换
void ClientToScreen( LPPOINT lpPoint  ) const; 
void ClientToScreen(    LPRECT lpRect  ) const;

3、对话框程序对象的生命期：

a)CDialog::DoModal()函数弹出对话框，在这个函数阻塞期间对象内是有句柄（不为空）
b)执行DoModal()之前，和阻塞结束对话框关闭后，句柄都是NULL。
c)因此DoModal之前和之后都不能执行控件和窗口操作。