2.2 数据结构-内置函数

# coding=utf-8

#################
#               #
#    内置函数    #
#               #
#################

__author__ = 'liuyb'

##########
# filter #
##########

# filter(函数过滤条件，序列),通过函数，过滤序列，默认返回列表,支持list、str、tuple、unicode
def _f(x):
    return x % 3 == 0 or x % 5 == 0


def _f_str(x):
    return x in "tst"


# 1.返回list
def fuc_list_filter():
    return filter(_f, range(2, 25))


# 2.返回tuple
def fuc_tuple_filter():
    return filter(_f, tuple(range(2, 25)))


# 3.返回str
def fuc_str_filter():
    return filter(_f_str, "test")


# 4.函数为空
def fuc_none_filter():
    return filter(None, range(2, 25))


#######
# map #
#######

# map(函数条件，序列)，返回列表  等于 f(x) for x in iterable
def _cube(x):
    return x ** 3


def _add(x, y):
    return x + y


# 1.函数中有一个参数
def fuc_list_map():
    return map(_cube, range(1, 11))


# 此函数等于上面的函数
def fuc_list_map_equal():
    list = []
    for x in range(1, 11):
        list.append(x ** 3)
    return list

# 此函数等于上面的函数
def fuc_list_map_equal1():
    return [lambda x: x**3 for x in range(1, 11)]

# 2.函数中有多个参数
def fuc_moreSeq_map():
    seq = range(8)
    return map(_add, seq, seq)


# 3.函数为空
def fuc_none_map():
    return map(None, range(8), range(8))


############
# reduce() #
############

def add(x, y):
    return x + y


# 1.fuc是一个由两个参数的函数，reduce依次从seq中取一个元素，和上一次调用fuc的结果做参数，再次调用fuc
def fuc_one_reduce():
    return reduce(add, range(1, 11))


# 2. fuc不能为空，为空报错
def fuc_fucNone_reduce():
    return reduce(None, range(1, 11))


# 3. 参数为空,第三个参数是给定初始值，给出的参数为空时，一定要给出初始值，否则报错
def fuc_seqNone_reduce():
    return reduce(add, [], 2)


###########
# 列表解析 #
###########

# 1.一次嵌套
def fuc_squares():
    squares = []
    for i in range(10):
        squares.append(i**2)
    return squares


# 等于fuc_squares()
def fuc_squares_equal():
    return [i**2 for i in range(10)]


# 等于fuc_squares()
def fuc_squares_equal1():
    return map(lambda i: i**2, range(10))

# 2.多次嵌套
def fuc_combs():
    combs = []
    for x in [1, 2, 3]:
        for y in [3, 1, 4]:
            if x != y:
                combs.append((x, y))
    return combs

# 等于fuc_combs()
def fuc_combs_equal():
    return [(x, y) for x in [1, 2, 3] for y in [3, 1, 4] if x !=y]


###########
# 嵌套列表 #
###########

# 1.
def fuc_matrix():
    matrix =[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]
    return [[row[i] for row in matrix] for i in range(3)]


# 等于 fuc_matrix()
def fuc_matrix_equal():
    matrix =[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]
    list = []
    for i in range(3):
        list.append([row[i] for row in matrix])
    return list


# 等于 fuc_matrix()
def fuc_matrix_equal1():
    matrix =[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]
    list = []
    for i in range(3):
        ap = []
        for row in matrix:
            ap.append(row[i])
        list.append(ap)
    return list

# 返回列表，内容用tuple形式展示
def fuc_zip_matrix():
    matrix =[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]
    return zip(*matrix)


#######
# del #
#######

def fuc_del():

    a =[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
    # 删除a中第0个元素，没有返回值
    del a[0]
    print a
    # 删除a
    del a
    b =[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
    # 删除b中第0个元素，并返回删除值
    print b.pop(0)
    print b
    c =  ['1', 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
    # 删除c中的具体元素"1"
    c.remove('1')
    print c





if __name__ == "__main__":
    #print fuc_matrix_equal1()
    print fuc_del()