PE文件之IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER

可选头位于IMAGE_NT_HEADERS内，紧接与IMAGE_FILE_HEADER之后，可选头的大小由文件头中倒数第二个成员指定。

可选头中重要的数据成员有：

第一个成员WORD Magic，这个对于32位可执行文件来说为0x010B。DWORD AddressOfEntryPoint，这个成员是程序执行的入口RVA地址。ImageBase为建议的装载地址。对于可执行文件来说一般是0x00400000。SectionAlignment为内存中节的对齐大小，一般为0x00001000，FileAlignment为PE文件中节的对齐大小。Subsystem指定程序的子系统类型，可执行GUI程序为2.DataDirectory为数据目录表数组，比较重要。

可选头的定义：

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typedef struct _IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER { // // Standard fields. //   WORD Magic; BYTE MajorLinkerVersion; BYTE MinorLinkerVersion; DWORD SizeOfCode; DWORD SizeOfInitializedData; DWORD SizeOfUninitializedData; DWORD AddressOfEntryPoint; DWORD BaseOfCode; DWORD BaseOfData;   // // NT additional fields. //   DWORD ImageBase; DWORD SectionAlignment; DWORD FileAlignment; WORD MajorOperatingSystemVersion; WORD MinorOperatingSystemVersion; WORD MajorImageVersion; WORD MinorImageVersion; WORD MajorSubsystemVersion; WORD MinorSubsystemVersion; DWORD Win32VersionValue; DWORD SizeOfImage; DWORD SizeOfHeaders; DWORD CheckSum; WORD Subsystem; WORD DllCharacteristics; DWORD SizeOfStackReserve; DWORD SizeOfStackCommit; DWORD SizeOfHeapReserve; DWORD SizeOfHeapCommit; DWORD LoaderFlags; DWORD NumberOfRvaAndSizes; IMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY DataDirectory[IMAGE_NUMBEROF_DIRECTORY_ENTRIES]; } IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER32, *PIMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER32;

Subsystem，子系统类型：

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// Subsystem Values   #define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_UNKNOWN 0 // Unknown subsystem. #define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_NATIVE 1 // Image doesn't require a subsystem. #define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_WINDOWS_GUI 2 // Image runs in the Windows GUI subsystem. #define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_WINDOWS_CUI 3 // Image runs in the Windows character subsystem. #define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_OS2_CUI 5 // image runs in the OS/2 character subsystem. #define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_POSIX_CUI 7 // image runs in the Posix character subsystem. #define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_NATIVE_WINDOWS 8 // image is a native Win9x driver. #define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_WINDOWS_CE_GUI 9 // Image runs in the Windows CE subsystem.

数据目录表的一些定义（共有16个表项）：

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typedef struct _IMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY { DWORD VirtualAddress; DWORD Size; } IMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY, *PIMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY;   #define IMAGE_NUMBEROF_DIRECTORY_ENTRIES 16   // Directory Entries   #define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXPORT 0 // Export Directory #define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_IMPORT 1 // Import Directory #define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_RESOURCE 2 // Resource Directory #define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXCEPTION 3 // Exception Directory #define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_SECURITY 4 // Security Directory #define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_BASERELOC 5 // Base Relocation Table #define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_DEBUG 6 // Debug Directory // IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_COPYRIGHT 7 // (X86 usage) #define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_ARCHITECTURE 7 // Architecture Specific Data #define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_GLOBALPTR 8 // RVA of GP #define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_TLS 9 // TLS Directory #define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_LOAD_CONFIG 10 // Load Configuration Directory #define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_BOUND_IMPORT 11 // Bound Import Directory in headers #define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_IAT 12 // Import Address Table #define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_DELAY_IMPORT 13 // Delay Load Import Descriptors #define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_COM_DESCRIPTOR 14 // COM Runtime descriptor