servlet filter 介绍及简单例子

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-01 23:36:11 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-05-01 23:36:11 发布

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分类专栏： servlet

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/jiangshangchunjiezi/article/details/77046240

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what is Servlet Filters?
Servelt filter is a small amount of code that execute before or after serving up a web resource.
在这里插入图片描述
比如Filter1是log，Filter2是transaction，Filter3是secure。

为什么要用filter？
将这些与业务逻辑无关的公共代码分离。可以将这些Filter理解为plug，即插即用。

public class myFitler1 implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse 
    servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        //dosth before into servlet
        
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);//serlvet可以理解为处理请求
        
       // dosth after into servlet
    }

filter chain：通过filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse)，我们就可以逐层的过滤，最终到servlet；servlet执行结束后，逐层的返回，最终到客户端。

和递归过程很像，只是多了servlet对请求处理。

这里举个完整的例子：通过filter校验用户名和密码是否未空，若为空，则页面显示错误信息；若不为空，则让filter chain + servlet处理。

①项目文件结构：
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②代码

//文件名：login.jsp
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
  <title>My JSP 'login.jsp' starting page</title>
</head>

<body>
<form action="login" method="post" >
  username:<input type="text" name="username" ><br>
  password:<input type="password" name="pwd" ><br>
    <input type="submit" value="sign in"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>

public class myFitler1 implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse 
    servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        System.out.println("执行filter---before----");
        String username = servletRequest.getParameter("username");
        String pwd = servletRequest.getParameter("pwd");
        //若用户名、密码为空，则页面显示错误信息，并不交给servlet处理，直接返回客户端
        if(username.equals("")||pwd.equals(""))
        {
            PrintWriter pw=servletResponse.getWriter();
            pw.write("username or pwd is null");
        }else{
        //继续filter chain处理
            filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
        }
        System.out.println("执行filter---after----");
    }
}


public class HelloWorld extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) 
    throws ServletException, IOException {
    System.out.println("执行servlet--before---");
        PrintWriter pw=resp.getWriter();
        pw.write("sign success");
        System.out.println("执行servlet--after---");

    }
    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

 <servlet>
        <servlet-name>HelloWorld</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>HelloWorld</servlet-class>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>HelloWorld</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/login</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>my-Fitler1</filter-name>
        <filter-class>myFitler1</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>my-Fitler1</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/login</url-pattern> 
        //这里的filter只对/login进行过滤，所以请求login.jsp页面并不会拦截。
    </filter-mapping>

③执行结果展示：

若用户名或密码为空，则打印：
执行filter---before----
执行filter---after----

若用户名和密码不为空，则打印：
执行filter---before----
执行servlet--before---
执行servlet--after---
执行filter---after----