c++ 重载操作符

针对重载操作符需要注意的地方很多，具体可以见c++ Primer或网上其他帖子，这些都需要理解性记忆，下面实例只作为解释什么是重载操作符。

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class person{
private:
    int age;
    public:
    person(int a){
       this->age=a;
    }
   inline bool operator == (const person &ps) const;
};

inline bool person::operator==(const person &ps) const
{
     if (this->age==ps.age)
        return true;
     return false;
}

int main()
{
  person p1(20);
  person p2(20);
  if(p1==p2) cout<<"the age is equal!"<<endl;
  return 0;
}

输出：

pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ g++ main.cc -o main
pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ ./main
the age is equal!
pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ 

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class person
{
public:
	int age;
};

bool operator==(person const &p1 ,person const & p2)
{
	if(p1.age==p2.age)
		return true;
	return false;
}
int main()
{
	person rose;
	person jack;
	rose.age=18;
	jack.age=18;
	if(rose==jack)
		cout<<"ok"<<endl;
        return 0;
}

输出：

pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ g++ main.cc -o main
pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ ./main
ok
pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ 

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class person{
private:
    int age;
public:
    person(int a){
       this->age=a;
    }
   friend bool operator == ( person &p1,person &p2) ;
};

 bool operator==(person &p1,person &p2) 
{
     if (p1.age==p2.age)
        return true;
     return false;
}

int main()
{
  person p1(18);
  person p2(20);
  if(p1==p2) cout<<"the age is equal!"<<endl;
	cout<<"the age is not equal!"<<endl;
  return 0;
}

输出：

pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ g++ main.cc -o main
pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ ./main
the age is not equal!
pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ 

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class person{
private:
    int age;
public:
    person(){}
    person(int a){
       this->age=a;
    }
   person& operator = ( person &p) ;
   int getAge(){return age;}
};


 person& person::operator = (person &p) 
{
   age=p.age;
   cout<<"Assignment operator called.\n";
   return *this;
}

int main()
{
  person p1(18);
  person p2;
  p2 = p1;
       cout<<p2.getAge()<<endl;
  return 0;
}

输出：

pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ 
pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ g++ main.cc -o main
pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ ./main
Assignment operator called.
18
pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ 

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class person{
private:
    int age;
public:
    person(){}  
    person(int a){
       this->age=a;
    }
   friend bool operator == ( person &p1,person &p2) ;

friend istream& operator >> (istream&,person&);
friend ostream& operator << (ostream&,const person&);

   void print() 
  {
	cout << "age=" << age << endl;
  }
};

 bool operator==(person &p1,person &p2) 
{
     if (p1.age==p2.age)
        return true;
     return false;
}
ostream& operator << (ostream &out,const person &p)
{
out << p.age << endl;
return out;
}
istream& operator >> (istream& in,person &p)
{
in >> p.age;
if(!in)
 cerr << "Wrong input!" << endl;
 return in;
}

int main()
{
  person liaojianguo;
cin >> liaojianguo;
cout << liaojianguo;

return 0;
}

输出：

pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ 
pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ g++ main.cc -o main
pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ ./main
28
28
pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ 

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class person{
private:
    int age;
public:
    person(){}  
    person(int a){
       this->age=a;
    }

    int operator + (int nAdd)
    {
   	return age + nAdd;
    }
};

int main()
{
  person liaojianguo(28);
  cout << liaojianguo+1 << endl; 
  return 0;
}

输出：

pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ 
pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ g++ main.cc -o main
pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ ./main
29
pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ 

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class person{
private:
    int age;
public:
    person(){}  
    person(int a){
       this->age=a;
    }
    int getAge(){return age;}  
    person operator ++ (int)
    {
   	person pTemp = *this;
        ++age;
        return pTemp;
    }

    person& operator ++ ()
    {
   	++age;
        return *this;
    }
};

int main()
{
  person liaojianguo(28);
  liaojianguo++;
  cout << "liaojianguo++ = " << liaojianguo.getAge() << endl; 
  ++liaojianguo;
  cout << "++liaojianguo = " << liaojianguo.getAge() << endl; 
  return 0;
}

输出：

pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ 
pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ g++ main.cc -o main
pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ ./main
liaojianguo++ = 29
++liaojianguo = 30
pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ 

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
using std::string;  

class person{
private:
    int age;
    string child[2];
public:

    person(string x, string y) {
        child[0] = x;
        child[1] = y;
    }
    person(){}  
    int getAge(){return age;}  
    
    string &operator[](int &i) { return *(child + i); }
    const string &operator[](const int &i) { return *(child + i); }
};

int main()
{
   person ob("body","girl");
   cout << ob[1] << endl;
  return 0;
}

输出：

pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ g++ main.cc -o main
pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$ ./main
girl
pateo@pateo-B86N53X:~/work/study$