【Spring Boot系列学习】12.消息中间件

在消息中间件中有 2 个重要的概念：消息代理和目的地。当消息发送者发送消息后，消息就被消息代理接管，消息代理保证消息传递到指定目的地。

我们常用的消息代理有 JMS 和 AMQP 规范。对应地，它们常见的实现分别是 ActiveMQ 和 RabbitMQ。

一、整合 ActiveMQ

1.1添加依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-activemq</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 如果需要配置连接池，添加如下依赖 -->
<dependency>  
    <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>  
    <artifactId>activemq-pool</artifactId>  
</dependency> 

1.2添加配置

# activemq 配置
spring.activemq.broker-url=tcp://192.168.1.34:61616
spring.activemq.user=admin
spring.activemq.password=admin
# 表示关闭连接池
spring.activemq.pool.enabled=false
spring.activemq.pool.max-connections=50
# 使用发布/订阅模式时，下边配置需要设置成 true
spring.jms.pub-sub-domain=false

1.3编码实现

配置类：负责创建队列和主题。

@Configuration
public class JmsConfirguration {
    public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "activemq_queue";    
    public static final String TOPIC_NAME = "activemq_topic";    
    @Bean
    public Queue queue() {
        return new ActiveMQQueue(QUEUE_NAME);
    }    
    @Bean
    public Topic topic() {
        return new ActiveMQTopic(TOPIC_NAME);
    }
}

消息生产者：

@Component
public class JmsSender {
    @Autowired
    private Queue queue;    
    @Autowired
    private Topic topic;    
    @Autowired
    private JmsMessagingTemplate jmsTemplate;    
    public void sendByQueue(String message) {
        this.jmsTemplate.convertAndSend(queue, message);
    }    
    public void sendByTopic(String message) {
        this.jmsTemplate.convertAndSend(topic, message);
    }
}

消息消费者：消息消费者使用 @JmsListener 注解监听消息。

@Component
public class JmsReceiver {    
    @JmsListener(destination = JmsConfirguration.QUEUE_NAME)
    public void receiveByQueue(String message) {
        System.out.println("接收队列消息:" + message);
    }
    @JmsListener(destination = JmsConfirguration.TOPIC_NAME)
    public void receiveByTopic(String message) {
        System.out.println("接收主题消息:" + message);
    }
}

1.4测试

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class JmsTest {
    @Autowired
    private JmsSender sender;
    @Test
    public void testSendByQueue() {
        for (int i = 1; i < 6; i++) {
            this.sender.sendByQueue("hello activemq queue " + i);
        }
    }    
    @Test
    public void testSendByTopic() {
        for (int i = 1; i < 6; i++) {
            this.sender.sendByTopic("hello activemq topic " + i);
        }
    }
}

启动服务测试即可。注意若测试订阅/发布模式，需将配置文件中的配置信息修改spring.jms.pub-sub-domain=true

二、整合RabbitMQ

2.1添加依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.2添加配置

spring.rabbitmq.host=192.168.1.34
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=light
spring.rabbitmq.password=light
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/test

2.3编码

配置类

@Configuration
public class AmqpConfirguration {
    //=============简单、工作队列模式===============    
    public static final String SIMPLE_QUEUE = "simple_queue";
    @Bean
    public Queue queue() {
        return new Queue(SIMPLE_QUEUE, true);
    }    
    //===============发布/订阅模式============    
    public static final String PS_QUEUE_1 = "ps_queue_1";
    public static final String PS_QUEUE_2 = "ps_queue_2";
    public static final String FANOUT_EXCHANGE = "fanout_exchange";    
    @Bean
    public Queue psQueue1() {
        return new Queue(PS_QUEUE_1, true);
    }    
    @Bean
    public Queue psQueue2() {
        return new Queue(PS_QUEUE_2, true);
    }    
    @Bean
    public FanoutExchange fanoutExchange() {
        return new FanoutExchange(FANOUT_EXCHANGE);
    }    
    @Bean
    public Binding fanoutBinding1() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(psQueue1()).to(fanoutExchange());
    }    
    @Bean
    public Binding fanoutBinding2() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(psQueue2()).to(fanoutExchange());
    }
    //===============路由模式============    
    public static final String ROUTING_QUEUE_1 = "routing_queue_1";
    public static final String ROUTING_QUEUE_2 = "routing_queue_2";
    public static final String DIRECT_EXCHANGE = "direct_exchange";    
    @Bean
    public Queue routingQueue1() {
        return new Queue(ROUTING_QUEUE_1, true);
    }    
    @Bean
    public Queue routingQueue2() {
        return new Queue(ROUTING_QUEUE_2, true);
    }    
    @Bean
    public DirectExchange directExchange() {
        return new DirectExchange(DIRECT_EXCHANGE);
    }    
    @Bean
    public Binding directBinding1() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(routingQueue1()).to(directExchange()).with("user");
    }    
    @Bean
    public Binding directBinding2() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(routingQueue2()).to(directExchange()).with("order");
    }    
    //===============主题模式============    
    public static final String TOPIC_QUEUE_1 = "topic_queue_1";
    public static final String TOPIC_QUEUE_2 = "topic_queue_2";
    public static final String TOPIC_EXCHANGE = "topic_exchange";    
    @Bean
    public Queue topicQueue1() {
        return new Queue(TOPIC_QUEUE_1, true);
    }    
    @Bean
    public Queue topicQueue2() {
        return new Queue(TOPIC_QUEUE_2, true);
    }    
    @Bean
    public TopicExchange topicExchange() {
        return new TopicExchange(TOPIC_EXCHANGE);
    }    
    @Bean
    public Binding topicBinding1() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueue1()).to(topicExchange()).with("user.add");
    }    
    @Bean
    public Binding topicBinding2() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueue2()).to(topicExchange()).with("user.#");
    }    
}

消息生产者：

@Component
public class AmqpSender {
    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
    /*** 简单模式发送
     * @param message
     */
    public void simpleSend(String message) {
        this.amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(AmqpConfirguration.SIMPLE_QUEUE, message);
    }
    /**发布/订阅模式发送
     * @param message
     */
    public void psSend(String message) {
        this.amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(AmqpConfirguration.FANOUT_EXCHANGE, "", message);
    }
    /**路由模式发送
     * @param message
     */
    public void routingSend(String routingKey, String message) {
        this.amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(AmqpConfirguration.DIRECT_EXCHANGE, routingKey, message);
    }
    /**主题模式发送
     * @param routingKey
     * @param message
     */
    public void topicSend(String routingKey, String message) {
        this.amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(AmqpConfirguration.TOPIC_EXCHANGE, routingKey, message);
    }
}

消息消费者：@RabbitListener 注解监听消息。

@Component
public class AmqpReceiver {
    /**简单模式接收
     * @param message
     */
    @RabbitListener(queues = AmqpConfirguration.SIMPLE_QUEUE)
    public void simpleReceive(String message) {
        System.out.println("接收消息:" + message);
    }
    /**发布/订阅模式接收
     * @param message
     */
    @RabbitListener(queues = AmqpConfirguration.PS_QUEUE_1)
    public void psReceive1(String message) {
        System.out.println(AmqpConfirguration.PS_QUEUE_1 + "接收消息:" + message);
    }
    @RabbitListener(queues = AmqpConfirguration.PS_QUEUE_2)
    public void psReceive2(String message) {
        System.out.println(AmqpConfirguration.PS_QUEUE_2 + "接收消息:" + message);
    }
    /**路由模式接收
     * @param message
     */
    @RabbitListener(queues = AmqpConfirguration.ROUTING_QUEUE_1)
    public void routingReceive1(String message) {
        System.out.println(AmqpConfirguration.ROUTING_QUEUE_1 + "接收消息:" + message);
    }
    @RabbitListener(queues = AmqpConfirguration.ROUTING_QUEUE_2)
    public void routingReceive2(String message) {
        System.out.println(AmqpConfirguration.ROUTING_QUEUE_2 + "接收消息:" + message);
    }
    /**主题模式接收
     * @param message
     */
    @RabbitListener(queues = AmqpConfirguration.TOPIC_QUEUE_1)
    public void topicReceive1(String message) {
        System.out.println(AmqpConfirguration.TOPIC_QUEUE_1 + "接收消息:" + message);
    }    
    @RabbitListener(queues = AmqpConfirguration.TOPIC_QUEUE_2)
    public void topicReceive2(String message) {
        System.out.println(AmqpConfirguration.TOPIC_QUEUE_2 + "接收消息:" + message);
    }
}

2.4测试

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class AmqpTest {
    @Autowired
    private AmqpSender sender;
    @Test
    public void testSimpleSend() {
        for (int i = 1; i < 6; i++) {
            this.sender.simpleSend("test simpleSend " + i);
        }
    }
    @Test
    public void testPsSend() {
        for (int i = 1; i < 6; i++) {
            this.sender.psSend("test psSend " + i);
        }
    }    
    @Test
    public void testRoutingSend() {
        for (int i = 1; i < 6; i++) {
            this.sender.routingSend("order", "test routingSend " + i);
        }
    }    
    @Test
    public void testTopicSend() {
        for (int i = 1; i < 6; i++) {
            this.sender.topicSend("user.add", "test topicSend " + i);
        }
    }
}

三、redis实现消息队列(待完善)

1.引入依赖

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.添加配置

待添加

3.实现