Python学习笔记（四）

文件和异常

读取文件内容：
with open('pi_digits.txt') as file_object:
    contents = file_object.read()
    print(contents)
无需关闭，python会帮你做这个事

python读取末尾时，会返回一个空字符串，表现为多一个空行，去除空行：
with open('pi_digits.txt') as file_object:
    contents = file_object.read()
    print(contents.rstrip())

Linux读取某路径下文件：
file_path = '/home/ehmatthes/other_files/text_files/filename.txt'
with open(file_path) as file_object:
window读取某路径下文件：
file_path = 'C:\Users\ehmatthes\other_files\text_files\filename.txt'
with open(file_path) as file_object:


逐行读取文件内容：
with open('w.py') as file_test:
	for line in file_test:
		print(line)
逐行读取文件内容（去除空行）：
with open('w.py') as file_test:
	for line in file_test:
		print(line.rstrip())

with读取的文件对象只在with代码块发生作用，外部使用时需要保存到列表中
filename = 'w.py'
with open(filename) as file_object:
	lines = file_object.readlines()
for line in lines:
	print(line.rstrip())

写入文件：
filename = 'programming.txt'
with open(filename, 'w') as file_object:
    file_object.write("I love programming.")
    file_object.write("I love creating new games.")

追加到文件：
filename = 'programming.txt'
with open(filename, 'a') as file_object:
    file_object.write("I also love finding meaning in large datasets.\n")
    file_object.write("I love creating apps that can run in a browser.\n")

捕获异常：
try:
    print(5/0)
except ZeroDivisionError:
    print("You can't divide by zero!")

try-else逻辑（else是try成功时执行）：
while True:
    first_number = input("\nFirst number: ")
    if first_number == 'q':
        break
    second_number = input("Second number: ")
    try:
        answer = int(first_number) / int(second_number)
    except ZeroDivisionError:
        print("You can't divide by 0!")
    else:
        print(answer)