React学习笔记
一、引入react相关文件
//这里的顺序不能乱
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/react.development.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/react-dom.development.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/babel.min.js"></script>
二、虚拟DOM的使用方式
第一种使用jsx方式
<body>
<div id="test"></div>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/react.development.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/react-dom.development.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/babel.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/babel">
//1.创建虚拟dom
const VDOM = <h1 id='title'><span>Hello React</span></h1>
//2.渲染虚拟dom到页面
ReactDOM.render(VDOM,document.getElementById('test'))
</script>
</body>
第二种使用原生DOM
<body>
<div id="test"></div>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/react.development.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/react-dom.development.js"></script>
<!-- <script type="text/javascript" src="../js/babel.min.js"></script> -->
<script type="text/javascript">
//1.创建虚拟dom
const VDOM = React.createElement('h1',{id:'title'},React.createElement('span',{},'Hello React'))
//2.渲染虚拟dom到页面
ReactDOM.render(VDOM,document.getElementById('test'))
</script>
</body>
三、jsx语法规则
- 定义虚拟DOM,不要加引号
- 标签中混入JS表达式要用{}
- 样式的类名不要用class,要用className
- 内联样式,要用style={{key:value}}的形式来写
- 只有一个根标签
- 标签必须闭合
- 标签首字母。
(1)若小写字母开头,则将该标签转为html同名元素;
(2)若大写字母开头,react就去渲染对应的组件,若组件没有定义,则报错。
四、组件三大属性state
- 较复杂的写法
<div id="test"></div>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/react.development.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/react-dom.development.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/babel.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/babel">
class Weather extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props)
this.state = { isHot: true }
this.changeWeather = this.changeWeather.bind(this)
}
render() {
console.log(this)
return <h1 onClick={this.changeWeather}>今天天气很{this.state.isHot ? '炎热' : '凉爽'}</h1>
}
changeWeather() {
const isHot = this.state.isHot
this.setState({isHot : !isHot})
}
}
ReactDOM.render(<Weather />, document.getElementById('test'))
</script>
- 简写
<body>
<div id="test"></div>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/react.development.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/react-dom.development.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/babel.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/babel">
class Weather extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props)
}
state = { isHot: true }
render() {
console.log(this)
return <h1 onClick={this.changeWeather}>今天天气很{this.state.isHot ? '炎热' : '凉爽'}</h1>
}
changeWeather = () => {
const isHot = this.state.isHot
this.setState({ isHot: !isHot })
}
}
ReactDOM.render(<Weather />, document.getElementById('test'))
</script>
</body>
五、组件三大属性props
- 简单的使用
<body>
<div id="test"></div>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/react.development.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/react-dom.development.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/babel.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/prop-types.js"></script>
<script type="text/babel">
class Person extends React.Component {
render() {
return (
<ul>
<li>姓名:{this.props.name}</li>
<li>性别:{this.props.sex}</li>
<li>年龄:{this.props.age}</li>
</ul>
)
}
}
const man = { name: "小纪", sex: "男", age: 18 }
ReactDOM.render(<Person {...man} />, document.getElementById('test'))
</script>
</body>
- 加上限制规则
<body>
<div id="test"></div>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/react.development.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/react-dom.development.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/babel.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/prop-types.js"></script>
<script type="text/babel">
class Person extends React.Component {
render() {
return (
<ul>
<li>姓名:{this.props.name}</li>
<li>性别:{this.props.sex}</li>
<li>年龄:{this.props.age}</li>
</ul>
)
}
}
//限制条件 string字符串 number数字 func函数 isRequired必须填
Person.propTypes = {
name: PropTypes.string.isRequired,
sex: PropTypes.string,
age: PropTypes.number,
speak:ProTypes.func
}
//默认值
Person.defaultProps = {
sex: '女',
age: 18
}
const man = { name: '111' }
ReactDOM.render(<Person {...man} />, document.getElementById('test'))
</script>
</body>
六、组件三大属性rerfs
- 写法一(不推荐)
直接使用ref="",但是有bug,官方不推荐了
<body>
<div id="test"></div>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/react.development.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/react-dom.development.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/babel.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/prop-types.js"></script>
<script type="text/babel">
class Demo extends React.Component {
showData = () => {
const input1 = this.refs.input1.value
alert(input1)
}
showData2 = () => {
}
render() {
return (
<div>
<input ref="input1" type="text" placeholder="点击按钮提示数据" />
<button onClick={this.showData} >点我提示左侧的数据</button>
<input onBlur={this.showData2} type="text" placeholder="失去焦点提示数据" />
</div>)
}
}
ReactDOM.render(<Demo />, document.getElementById('test'))
</script>
</body>
- 使用回调形式
<body>
<div id="test"></div>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/react.development.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/react-dom.development.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/babel.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/prop-types.js"></script>
<script type="text/babel">
class Demo extends React.Component {
showData = () => {
const { input1 } = this
console.log(input1.value)
}
showData2 = () => {
alert(this.input2.value)
}
render() {
return (
<div>
<input ref={c => this.input1 = c} placeholder="点击按钮提示数据" />
<button onClick={this.showData} >点我提示左侧的数据</button>
<input ref={c => this.input2 = c} onBlur={this.showData2} type="text" placeholder="失去焦点提示数据" />
</div>)
}
}
ReactDOM.render(<Demo />, document.getElementById('test'))
</script>
</body>