hibernate注解annotation入门

前面的文章示例中我们写了实体类之后，都会写一个对应的*.hbm.xml配置文件，这种方式比较复杂，今天我们就来简单了解下使用注解annotation来替代配置文件的方法。

新建一个java项目，结构如下：

Book实体类，在实体类中使用注解，代码如下：

package com.test.pojo;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
//entity表示需要持久化的实体类
@Entity
//表示实体类所对应的表
@Table(name="t_book")
public class Book {
	//id主键
	@Id
	//指定主键生成策略
	@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
	private int id;
	@Column(name="name")
	private String name;
	@Column
	private double price;
	private String author;
	private Date pubDate;
	//省略get/set
}

将实体类关联到hibernate.cfg.xml配置中

<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
	<property name="connection.driver_class">
		com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
	</property>
	<property name="connection.url">
		jdbc:mysql:///hibernatetest
	</property>
	<property name="connection.username">root</property>
	<property name="connection.password">root</property>
	<property name="dialect">
		org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
	</property>
	<property name="show_sql">true</property>
	<property name="format_sql">true</property>
	<mapping class="com.test.pojo.Book" />
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

HibernateUtil类

public class HibernateUtil {
	private static Configuration cfg=null;
	private static SessionFactory factory=null;
	private static Session session=null;
	static{
		cfg=new Configuration().configure();
		factory=cfg.buildSessionFactory(new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder()
		        .applySettings(cfg.getProperties()).build());
	}
	public static Session getSession(){
		if(factory!=null)
			return session=factory.openSession();
		factory=cfg.buildSessionFactory(new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder()
		        .applySettings(cfg.getProperties()).build());
		return session=factory.openSession();
	}
	public static void closeSession(){
		if(session!=null && session.isOpen())
			session.close();
	}

测试类HibernateTest

public class HibernateTest {
	@Test
	public void testCreateDB(){
		Configuration cfg=new Configuration().configure();
		SchemaExport se=new SchemaExport(cfg);
		se.create(true, true);
	}
	@Test
	public void testSave(){
		Session session=HibernateUtil.getSession();
		Transaction tx=session.beginTransaction();
		Book book=new Book();
		book.setName("读者");
		book.setPrice(21.5);
		book.setAuthor("读者出版传媒有限公司");
		book.setPubDate(new Date());
		session.save(book);
		tx.commit();
		HibernateUtil.closeSession();
	}
}

执行testCreateDB，打印信息如下：

drop table if exists t_book

    create table t_book (
        id integer not null auto_increment,
        author varchar(255),
        name varchar(255),
        price double precision,
        pubDate datetime,
        primary key (id)
    )

执行testSave，打印信息如下：

Hibernate: 
    insert 
    into
        t_book
        (author, name, price, pubDate) 
    values
        (?, ?, ?, ?)

数据库表信息如下：