N皇后

Leetcode 51. N 皇后

解题技巧：所有的Q不在同一列，也不在同一条主对角线，更不在同一条副对角线。
判断是否在主对角线：主对角线所有元素的位置(i,j)之差为定值，即：i-j=固定值
判断是否在副对角线：副对角线所有元素的位置(i,j)之和为定值，即：i+j=固定值

def solveNQueens(self, n: int) -> List[List[str]]:
        def makeQ(x):
            listq=["." for _ in range(n)]
            listq[x]="Q"
            return "".join(listq)


        def dfs(result,depth,used,count,diagonal,subdiagonal):
           
            if depth==n:
                res.append(result[:])
                return
            for i in range(n):
                if i not in used and i+depth not in subdiagonal and i-depth not in diagonal:
                    diagonal.append(i-depth)
                    subdiagonal.append(i+depth)
                    used.append(i)
                    result.append(makeQ(i))
                    dfs(result,depth+1,used,i,diagonal,subdiagonal)
                    used.pop()
                    result.pop()
                    diagonal.pop()
                    subdiagonal.pop()
        result=[]
        res=[]
        used=[]
        diagonal=[]
        subdiagonal=[]
        dfs(result,0,used,0,diagonal,subdiagonal)
        return res

**

Leetcode 52. N 皇后 II

**

def solveNQueens(n):
    def makeQ(x):
        listq=["." for _ in range(n)]
        listq[x]="Q"
        return "".join(listq)


    def dfs(result,depth,used,count,diagonal,subdiagonal):
        nonlocal  ammount
        if depth==n:
            ammount+=1
            return
        for i in range(n):
            if i not in used and i+depth not in subdiagonal and i-depth not in diagonal:
                diagonal.append(i-depth)
                subdiagonal.append(i+depth)
                used.append(i)
                result.append(makeQ(i))
                dfs(result,depth+1,used,i,diagonal,subdiagonal)
                used.pop()
                result.pop()
                diagonal.pop()
                subdiagonal.pop()
    result=[]
    ammount=0
    used=[]
    diagonal=[]
    subdiagonal=[]
    dfs(result,0,used,0,diagonal,subdiagonal)
    return ammount