2.linux 多线程代码demo

目录

1.线程创建：pthread_create( ) 

2.线程等待：pthread_join( );

2.1 第2个参数设为NULL，不关心线程收回的退出状态 

2.2 关心线程收回的退出状态。用到----线程退出 pthread_exit( )

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1.线程创建：pthread_create( ) 

• int pthread_create(pthread_t *restrict tidp, const pthread_attr_t *restrict attr, void *(*start_rtn)(void *), void *restrict arg);

• // 返回：若成功返回0，否则返回错误编号

#include <stdio.h>
#include <pthread.h>

//int pthread_create(pthread_t *restrict tidp, const pthread_attr_t *restrict attr,
//       void *(*start_rtn)(void *), void *restrict arg);

void *func1(void *arg)
{
        printf("%ld thread is create\n",(unsigned long)pthread_self());    //打印线程的pid
        printf("param is %d\n",*((int *)arg));    
}

int main()
{
        int ret;
        pthread_t t1;     /*不使用指针是以免空指针异常*/
        int arg = 100;

        //创建 t1 线程
        ret = pthread_create(&t1,NULL,func1,(void *)&arg);    //参数2：线程属性，一般设置为NULL，参数3：线程干活的函数，参数4：往t1线程里面传送数据。
        //ret = pthread_create(&t1,NULL,func1,NULL);   

        if(ret == 0){
                printf("create t1 success\n");
        }

        return 0;
}

由运行结果可以看出：

t1 线程还没有执行完，主线程就已经运行完毕。

所以要看到 t1 线程的运行，要么加在主线程加一个 while(1) 死循环。要么用到线程的等待函数 pthread_join( )。请看下面。

2.线程等待：pthread_join( );

• int pthread_join(pthread_t thread, void **rval_ptr);

• // 返回：若成功返回0，否则返回错误编号

• 第 2 个参数，可以设置为NULL不关心线程收回的退出状态 

2.1 第2个参数设为NULL，不关心线程收回的退出状态 

#include <stdio.h>
#include <pthread.h>

//int pthread_create(pthread_t *restrict tidp, const pthread_attr_t *restrict attr,
//       void *(*start_rtn)(void *), void *restrict arg);

//nt pthread_join(pthread_t thread, void **rval_ptr);

void *func1(void *arg)
{
        printf("t1:%ld thread is create\n",(unsigned long)pthread_self());
        printf("t1:param is %d\n",*((int *)arg));
}

int main()
{
        int ret;
        pthread_t t1;
        int arg = 100;

        //创建线程
        ret = pthread_create(&t1,NULL,func1,(void *)&arg);

        if(ret == 0){
                printf("main:create t1 success\n");
        }

        printf("main:%ld \n",(unsigned long)pthread_self());

        //线程等待/阻塞
        pthread_join(t1,NULL);

        return 0;
}

2.2 关心线程收回的退出状态。用到----线程退出 pthread_exit( )

         int pthread_exit(void *rval_ptr);

#include <stdio.h>
#include <pthread.h>

//int pthread_create(pthread_t *restrict tidp, const pthread_attr_t *restrict attr,
//       void *(*start_rtn)(void *), void *restrict arg);

//nt pthread_join(pthread_t thread, void **rval_ptr);

void *func1(void *arg)
{
        static char *p = "t1 is run out";    //变量必须定义前加 static ，否则二级指针指向它的时候数据会出错

        printf("t1:%ld thread is create\n",(unsigned long)pthread_self());
        printf("t1:param is %d\n",*((int *)arg));

        pthread_exit((void *)p); //线程退出，并且返回 p 指向的字符串
}

int main()
{
        int ret;
        pthread_t t1;
        int arg = 100;

        char *pret = NULL;    //不可以直接定义为二级指针

        //创建线程
        ret = pthread_create(&t1,NULL,func1,(void *)&arg);

        if(ret == 0){
                printf("main:create t1 success\n");
        }

        printf("main:%ld \n",(unsigned long)pthread_self());

        //线程的等待/阻塞
        pthread_join(t1,(void **)&pret);  //参数2：将指针pret 指向 t1线程的p    

        printf("main: t1 quit :%s\n",pret);

        return 0;
}