SSH项目整合示例【OpenSessionInView】
在使用ssh开发的项目中，hibernate的懒加载一直是让程序员很头疼的问题。当然，Spring作为一个优秀的框架已经为我们提出了解决方案，那便是大名鼎鼎的OpenSessionInView。接下来我将以一个简单的例子实现SSH的整合及OpenSessionInView。
下面是项目源码的链接，当然如果你想手动操作一遍，那就不要下载源码了，跟着我魔鬼的步伐一步一步走下去吧，半小时后你会有很大的成就感哦。
源码链接【点我下载源码】
第一步：准备数据（数据库表）
我是用的是mysql数据库，其中创建两张表。person和sex。建表语句如下：
/*
Navicat MySQL Data Transfer
Source Server : localhost
Source Server Version : 50626
Source Host : localhost:3306
Source Database : sshtest
Target Server Type : MYSQL
Target Server Version : 50626
File Encoding : 65001
Date: 2016-10-10 13:50:09
*/
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `person`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `person`;
CREATE TABLE `person` (
`pid` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`description` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`sid` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`pid`),
KEY `sid` (`sid`),
CONSTRAINT `sid` FOREIGN KEY (`sid`) REFERENCES `sex` (`sid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of person
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `person` VALUES ('1', '小涛涛', '这是一个小涛涛的测试', '1');
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `sex`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sex`;
CREATE TABLE `sex` (
`sid` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`sid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of sex
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `sex` VALUES ('1', '男');
INSERT INTO `sex` VALUES ('2', '女');
INSERT INTO `sex` VALUES ('3', '人妖');sex表为性别表，有两个字段【主键sid，性别汉语名name】。
第二步：创建空项目，引入相关jar包
我用的是MyEclipse2014，当然你也可以使用其他版本的myeclipse或者eclipse for javaee。
新建一个javaee项目，如下图，此时这个项目是一个空web项目，还是一张白纸，接下来就让我们尽情的挥洒泼墨吧！！！
第三步：导入SSH相关jar包
打开项目的WEB-INF/lib目录，将下方链接中的jar包全部复制进lib中。
jar包链接【点我下载源码】，源码中有jar包哦
至此，我们项目的白纸有了，画图的工具（jar）也有了，下一步就真的要开始实践了哦。
第四步：搭建包结构
事先想好项目的结构，提前搭建好包的结构，有助于我们在开发过程中保持一个严谨的思路。
在这个测试项目中，我使用MVC设计模式，主要有三层，service、dao、action。宝结构如下图所示，请各位读者依照下图创建起来这个包目录吧。
第五步：配置Hibernate表实体类及其映射文件【如下四个文件】
内容分别如下：
package com.zjt.entity;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;
/**
* Person entity. @author MyEclipse Persistence Tools
*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "person", catalog = "sshtest")
public class Person implements java.io.Serializable {
// Fields
private Long pid;
private Sex sex;
private String name;
private String description;
// Constructors
/** default constructor */
public Person() {
}
/** minimal constructor */
public Person(Long pid) {
this.pid = pid;
}
/** full constructor */
public Person(Long pid, Sex sex, String name, String description) {
this.pid = pid;
this.sex = sex;
this.name = name;
this.description = description;
}
// Property accessors
@Id
@Column(name = "pid", unique = true, nullable = false)
public Long getPid() {
return this.pid;
}
public void setPid(Long pid) {
this.pid = pid;
}
@ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
@JoinColumn(name = "sid")
public Sex getSex() {
return this.sex;
}
public void setSex(Sex sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
@Column(name = "name", length = 20)
public String getName() {
return this.name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Column(name = "description", length = 50)
public String getDescription() {
return this.description;
}
public void setDescription(String description) {
this.description = description;
}
}
package com.zjt.entity;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
/**
* Sex entity. @author MyEclipse Persistence Tools
*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "sex", catalog = "sshtest")
public class Sex implements java.io.Serializable {
// Fields
private Long sid;
private String name;
private Set<Person> persons = new HashSet<Person>(0);
// Constructors
/** default constructor */
public Sex() {
}
/** minimal constructor */
public Sex(Long sid) {
this.sid = sid;
}
/** full constructor */
public Sex(Long sid, String name, Set<Person> persons) {
this.sid = sid;
this.name = name;
this.persons = persons;
}
// Property accessors
@Id
@Column(name = "sid", unique = true, nullable = false)
public Long getSid() {
return this.sid;
}
public void setSid(Long sid) {
this.sid = sid;
}
@Column(name = "name", length = 50)
public String getName() {
return this.name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, fetch = FetchType.LAZY, mappedBy = "sex")
public Set<Person> getPersons() {
return this.persons;
}
public void setPersons(Set<Person> persons) {
this.persons = persons;
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!--
Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse Persistence Tools
-->
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.zjt.entity.Person" table="person" catalog="sshtest" lazy="true">
<id name="pid" type="java.lang.Long">
<column name="pid" />
<generator class="assigned" />
</id>
<many-to-one name="sex" class="com.zjt.entity.Sex" fetch="select">
<column name="sid" />
</many-to-one>
<property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="name" length="20" />
</property>
<property name="description" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="description" length="50" />
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!--
Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse Persistence Tools
-->
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.zjt.entity.Sex" table="sex" catalog="sshtest">
<id name="sid" type="java.lang.Long">
<column name="sid" />
<generator class="assigned" />
</id>
<property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="name" length="50" />
</property>
<set name="persons" inverse="true">
<key>
<column name="sid" />
</key>
<one-to-many class="com.zjt.entity.Person" />
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
至此hibernate的直接配置已经完成，可能你会好奇，之前的hibernate.cfg.xml文件去哪了呢，在此事先说明，我们使用spring管理了hibernate之后，便不再需要这个文件了。
第六步：编写dao层
分别在com.zjt.dao和com.zjt.dao.impl中编写两个类，如下图所示
可以看出，上方的PersonDao为接口，代码段如下
package com.zjt.dao;
import java.io.Serializable;
import com.zjt.entity.Person;
public interface PersonDao {
public Person getPersonById(Serializable id);
}
package com.zjt.dao.impl;
import java.io.Serializable;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import com.zjt.dao.PersonDao;
import com.zjt.entity.Person;
public class PersonDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements PersonDao{
@Override
public Person getPersonById(Serializable id) {
Person person = this.getHibernateTemplate().load(Person.class, id);
return person;
}
}
第七步：编写service层
分别在com.zjt.service和com.zjt.service.impl中编写两个类，如下图所示
上方的PersonService为接口，代码段如下
package com.zjt.service;
import java.io.Serializable;
import com.zjt.entity.Person;
public interface PersonService {
public Person getPersonById(Serializable id);
}
下方的PersonServiceImpl为对接口的实现，代码段如下
package com.zjt.service.impl;
import java.io.Serializable;
import com.zjt.dao.PersonDao;
import com.zjt.entity.Person;
import com.zjt.service.PersonService;
public class PersonServiceImpl implements PersonService{
private PersonDao personDao;
public PersonDao getPersonDao() {
return personDao;
}
public void setPersonDao(PersonDao personDao) {
this.personDao = personDao;
}
@Override
public Person getPersonById(Serializable id) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Person person = this.personDao.getPersonById(id);
return person;
}
}
第八步：编写action层
创建下图所示类作为action
其代码如下：
package com.zjt.action;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.zjt.entity.Person;
import com.zjt.service.PersonService;
public class PersonAction extends ActionSupport{
private PersonService personService ;
public PersonService getPersonService() {
return personService;
}
public void setPersonService(PersonService personService) {
this.personService = personService;
}
public String getPersonByID() {
Person person = personService.getPersonById(1L);
ServletActionContext.getRequest().setAttribute("person", person);
System.out.println("PersonAction.getPersonByID()");
return "index" ;
}
}
第九步：至此，我们所有代码已经完成了，接下来就要编辑配置文件了，我们先新建一个源码包config，将配置文件都放在config下以便管理，如下图所示
第十步：配置struts配置文件
首先在config目录下新建一个struts.xml文件，内容如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd">
<struts>
<include file="struts/struts-person.xml"></include>
</struts>可以看到我们上面xml中有一行引用：
<span style="color:#FF6666;"><include file="struts/struts-person.xml"></include></span><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="person" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<action name="personAction_*" method="{1}" class="personAction">
<result name="index">index.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
第十一步：配置数据库配置文件
之前已经说过，hibernate被spring管理起来了，因此现在我们先创建一个数据配置文件，如下图所示
代码如下：
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc\:mysql\://localhost\:3306/sshtest
jdbc.username=mysql
jdbc.password=mysql第十二步：配置Spring配置文件
先新建如下图所示的三个文件
其中，applicationContext.xml、applicationContext-db.xml、applicationContext-person.xml代码分别如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
<import resource="applicationContext-db.xml"/>
<import resource="applicationContext-person.xml"/>
</beans><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
<!--
引入prperties配置文件
-->
<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="locations">
<value>classpath:jdbc.properties</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="dataSource" destroy-method="close"
class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!--
映射文件所在的路径
-->
<property name="mappingDirectoryLocations">
<list>
<!--
spring容器会去该包及子包下搜索所有的映射文件
-->
<value>classpath:com/zjt/entity</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory">
<ref bean="sessionFactory"/>
</property>
</bean>
<tx:advice transaction-manager="transactionManager" id="tx">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="save*" read-only="false"/>
<tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut
expression="execution(* com.zjt.service.impl.*.*(..))" id="perform"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="tx" pointcut-ref="perform"/>
</aop:config>
</beans>第十三步：修改index页面如下
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
This is my JSP page. <br>
${requestScope.person.name}
${requestScope.person.sex.name}
</body>
</html>第十四步：修改web.xml如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<display-name>SSHTest</display-name>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<filter>
<filter-name>openSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>openSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>第十五步：运行项目
在浏览器地址栏输入http://127.0.0.1:8080/SSHTest/personAction_getPersonByID
你会看到如下界面，那么恭喜你，成功了，接下来你可以专心研究一下这个项目的配置文件和代码了。
===================================================================================================================================
===========================================================以下内容为 2016-10-17更新==================================================
===================================================================================================================================
在此附上我 2016-10-17日创建的一个新的 SSH整合项目（只是将Struts+Spring+Hibernate版本更新到了最新版），链接如下
http://download.csdn.net/download/jintaohahahaha/9656984
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