Windows 环境安装 Redis

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18 年的时候由于好奇 + 装X + 活动优惠，买了个 3 年的阿里云服务器，想着没事练练手，可直到服务器过期，也没练过几次，不知道有多少小伙伴跟我一样...

最近想在本地（Windows 系统）装个 Redis，发现得先装 Linux 环境，才发现当初年少无知，花了冤枉钱..

话不多说，直接看整个安装过程。重点是 使用 Xshell 连接 WSL 有点坑。

先确认 Windows 系统版本

必须高于 WIN10 (19041) ，或者 WIN11

安装 WSL

进入命令行，执行 wsl.exe

C:\Users\daojia>wsl.exe
Welcome to Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.4.0-19041-Microsoft x86_64)

 * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com
 * Management:     https://landscape.canonical.com
 * Support:        https://ubuntu.com/advantage

  System information as of Fri Sep  2 15:31:22 CST 2022

  System load:    0.52      Processes:              7
  Usage of /home: unknown   Users logged in:        0
  Memory usage:   84%       IPv4 address for wifi2: 10.253.110.192
  Swap usage:     14%

0 updates can be installed immediately.
0 of these updates are security updates.


The list of available updates is more than a week old.
To check for new updates run: sudo apt update


This message is shown once once a day. To disable it please create the
/home/unix/.hushlogin file.

以 root 用户身份启动 Linux（很多东西都需要 root 权限），执行 wsl.exe --user root

C:\Users\daojia>wsl.exe --user root
root@DESKTOP-LRCQE95:/mnt/c/Users/daojia#

安装 ssh

由于我们都习惯用 Xshell 等终端去操作，所以我们把本机当做远程服务器，通过 Xshell 连接登录，像真正使用 Linux 服务器一样。

首先要安装 ssh，执行 apt-get install openssh-server

root@DESKTOP-LRCQE95:/mnt/c/Users/daojia# apt-get install openssh-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  openssh-client openssh-sftp-server
Suggested packages:
  keychain libpam-ssh monkeysphere ssh-askpass molly-guard
The following packages will be upgraded:
  openssh-client openssh-server openssh-sftp-server
3 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 275 not upgraded.
Need to get 1099 kB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

输入 Y，继续

Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 openssh-server amd64 1:8.2p1-4 [377 kB]
Fetched 377 kB in 2s (169 kB/s)
Preconfiguring packages ...
Selecting previously unselected package openssh-server.
(Reading database ... 31818 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../openssh-server_1%3a8.2p1-4_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking openssh-server (1:8.2p1-4) ...
Setting up openssh-server (1:8.2p1-4) ...
Creating SSH2 RSA key; this may take some time ...
3072 SHA256:Dpk45enJQgIQoz16NpGxc8R6d1ZnWx8/iyE5kNxpy9Q root@DESKTOP-LRCQE95 (RSA)
Creating SSH2 ECDSA key; this may take some time ...
256 SHA256:CM78lkrFr4PHvCKsOcmmGSU8N3a0XVNWEEtbQt9GNVw root@DESKTOP-LRCQE95 (ECDSA)
Creating SSH2 ED25519 key; this may take some time ...
256 SHA256:U1QoEqgH0oGBmreW0EUrRM/wBJsTzY/AXu8VKlc1RBA root@DESKTOP-LRCQE95 (ED25519)
invoke-rc.d: could not determine current runlevel
Processing triggers for systemd (245.4-4ubuntu3) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ...
Processing triggers for ufw (0.36-6) ...
root@DESKTOP-LRCQE95:/mnt/c/Users/daojia#

修改配置文件

执行 vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config

root@DESKTOP-LRCQE95:/mnt/c/Users/daojia# vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config

修改端口，系统默认的 ssh 端口是 22，为避免冲突，可以修改为 2222

允许 root 用户登录

打开身份验证 PasswordAuthentication，

（本想不开启身份验证，但试了好多种方案，都没连接成功，还是采用身份验证的方式吧）

保存退出后重启 ssh，执行 service ssh --full-restart

root@DESKTOP-LRCQE95:/mnt/c/Users/daojia# service ssh --full-restart                                                                               [ OK ]
 * Starting OpenBSD Secure Shell server sshd                                                                                                       [ OK ]
root@DESKTOP-LRCQE95:/mnt/c/Users/daojia#

启动服务的命令是 service ssh start

第一次启动时可能会有网络安全提示，选择“专用网络”即可。

重置系统密码，后面连接要用

root@DESKTOP-LRCQE95:/mnt/c/Users/daojia# passwd
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: password updated successfully

使用 Xshell 连接

配置 协议、host、端口

配置用户名、密码，就是刚才前面设置的密码

点击连接

Connecting to 127.0.0.1:2222...
Connection established.
To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.

Welcome to Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.4.0-19041-Microsoft x86_64)

 * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com
 * Management:     https://landscape.canonical.com
 * Support:        https://ubuntu.com/advantage

  System information as of Fri Sep  2 21:18:32 CST 2022

  System load:    0.52      Processes:              14
  Usage of /home: unknown   Users logged in:        0
  Memory usage:   80%       IPv4 address for wifi2: 10.253.110.192
  Swap usage:     15%


308 updates can be installed immediately.
203 of these updates are security updates.
To see these additional updates run: apt list --upgradable

New release '22.04.1 LTS' available.
Run 'do-release-upgrade' to upgrade to it.


Last login: Fri Sep  2 20:35:58 2022 from 127.0.0.1
root@DESKTOP-LRCQE95:~#

如果连接失败，可以从以下几点排查

是否启动了 ssh 服务？

host、port 是否正确，单独 telnet 是否通？

是否开着防火墙？

用户名密码是否正确？

安装 Redis

按照官网的说明，依次执行下面的命令

curl -fsSL https://packages.redis.io/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/redis-archive-keyring.gpg

echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/redis-archive-keyring.gpg] https://packages.redis.io/deb $(lsb_release -cs) main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/redis.list

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install redis

启动服务端

root@DESKTOP-LRCQE95:~# sudo service redis-server start
Starting redis-server: redis-server.

启动客户端，并测试

root@DESKTOP-LRCQE95:~# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> ping
PONG
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "key2"
2) "key1"
3) "key"
127.0.0.1:6379>

有网友说，启动 WSL 后，命令行窗口不能关闭。我这个版本亲测关闭命令行窗口后，Xshell 还可以随意连接，只要电脑不重启，就可以一直使用。

接下来就可以为所欲为了。

参考文献

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install

https://redis.io/docs/getting-started/installation/install-redis-on-windows/