获取系统联系人并返回某个选中的联系人

布局：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.example.administrator.gettelphonenumber.MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_chosePhone"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="选择" />

</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

Activity

package com.example.administrator.gettelphonenumber;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.provider.ContactsContract;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private Button btn_chosePhone;
    String username;
    String usernumber;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        btn_chosePhone = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_chosePhone);
        btn_chosePhone.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                startActivityForResult(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK,
                        ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI), 0);
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
            // ContentProvider展示数据类似一个单个数据库表
            // ContentResolver实例带的方法可实现找到指定的ContentProvider并获取到ContentProvider的数据
            ContentResolver reContentResolverol = getContentResolver();
            // URI,每个ContentProvider定义一个唯一的公开的URI,用于指定到它的数据集
            Uri contactData = data.getData();
            // 查询就是输入URI等参数,其中URI是必须的,其他是可选的,如果系统能找到URI对应的ContentProvider将返回一个Cursor对象.
            Cursor cursor = managedQuery(contactData, null, null, null, null);
            cursor.moveToFirst();
            // 获得DATA表中的名字
            username = cursor.getString(cursor
                    .getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME));
//            // 条件为联系人ID
            String contactId = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID));
            Cursor phone = reContentResolverol.query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI,
                    null,
                    ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID + " = " + contactId,
                    null,
                    null);
            while (phone.moveToNext()) {
                usernumber = phone.getString(phone.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER));
                btn_chosePhone.setText(usernumber + " (" + username + ")");
            }

        }
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.administrator.gettelphonenumber">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS" />
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>