（十七）分组聚合

一般来说，消费者进行远程调用时，会调用远程的一个提供者。
现在可以消费者调用一个方法，可以调用提供者多个方法再聚合结果返回。

public <T> Invoker<T> refer(Class<T> type, URL url) throws RpcException {
    url = url.setProtocol(url.getParameter(Constants.REGISTRY_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_REGISTRY)).removeParameter(Constants.REGISTRY_KEY);
    Registry registry = registryFactory.getRegistry(url);
    if (RegistryService.class.equals(type)) {
        return proxyFactory.getInvoker((T) registry, type, url);
    }

    // group="a,b" or group="*"
    Map<String, String> qs = StringUtils.parseQueryString(url.getParameterAndDecoded(Constants.REFER_KEY));
    String group = qs.get(Constants.GROUP_KEY);
    //C1处
    if (group != null && group.length() > 0 ) {
        if ( ( Constants.COMMA_SPLIT_PATTERN.split( group ) ).length > 1
                || "*".equals( group ) ) {
            return doRefer( getMergeableCluster(), registry, type, url );
        }
    }
    return doRefer(cluster, registry, type, url);
}

Consumer端在初始化reference时，先判断是否有配置group属性，如果有配置，则使用合并集群，即“C1处”，多个分组用“,”分隔。
看看合并集群MergeableCluster是怎么调用分组的:

public Result invoke(final Invocation invocation) throws RpcException {
        List<Invoker<T>> invokers = directory.list(invocation);
        
        String merger = getUrl().getMethodParameter( invocation.getMethodName(), Constants.MERGER_KEY );
        //M1处
        if ( ConfigUtils.isEmpty(merger) ) { // 如果方法不需要Merge，退化为只调一个Group
            for(final Invoker<T> invoker : invokers ) {
                if (invoker.isAvailable()) {
                    return invoker.invoke(invocation);
                }
            }
            return invokers.iterator().next().invoke(invocation);
        }
        
        Class<?> returnType;
        try {
            returnType = getInterface().getMethod(
                    invocation.getMethodName(), invocation.getParameterTypes() ).getReturnType();
        } catch ( NoSuchMethodException e ) {
            returnType = null;
        }
        //M2处
        Map<String, Future<Result>> results = new HashMap<String, Future<Result>>();
        for( final Invoker<T> invoker : invokers ) {
            Future<Result> future = executor.submit( new Callable<Result>() {
                public Result call() throws Exception {
                    return invoker.invoke(new RpcInvocation(invocation, invoker));
                }
            } );
            results.put( invoker.getUrl().getServiceKey(), future );
        }

        Object result = null;
        
        List<Result> resultList = new ArrayList<Result>( results.size() );
        
        int timeout = getUrl().getMethodParameter( invocation.getMethodName(), Constants.TIMEOUT_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT );
        //M3处
        for ( Map.Entry<String, Future<Result>> entry : results.entrySet() ) {
            Future<Result> future = entry.getValue();
            try {
                Result r = future.get(timeout, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
                if (r.hasException()) {
                    log.error(new StringBuilder(32).append("Invoke ")
                                  .append(getGroupDescFromServiceKey(entry.getKey()))
                                  .append(" failed: ")
                                  .append(r.getException().getMessage()).toString(),
                              r.getException());
                } else {
                    resultList.add(r);
                }
            } catch ( Exception e ) {
                throw new RpcException( new StringBuilder( 32 )
                                                .append( "Failed to invoke service " )
                                                .append( entry.getKey() )
                                                .append( ": " )
                                                .append( e.getMessage() ).toString(),
                                        e );
            }
        }
        
        if (resultList.size() == 0) {
            return new RpcResult((Object)null);
        } else if (resultList.size() == 1) {
            return resultList.iterator().next();
        }

        if (returnType == void.class) {
            return new RpcResult((Object)null);
        }

        if ( merger.startsWith(".") ) {
            merger = merger.substring(1);
            Method method;
            try {
                method = returnType.getMethod( merger, returnType );
            } catch ( NoSuchMethodException e ) {
                throw new RpcException( new StringBuilder( 32 )
                                                .append( "Can not merge result because missing method [ " )
                                                .append( merger )
                                                .append( " ] in class [ " )
                                                .append( returnType.getClass().getName() )
                                                .append( " ]" )
                                                .toString() );
            }
            if ( method != null ) {
                if ( !Modifier.isPublic( method.getModifiers() ) ) {
                    method.setAccessible( true );
                }
                result = resultList.remove( 0 ).getValue();
                try {
                    if ( method.getReturnType() != void.class
                            && method.getReturnType().isAssignableFrom( result.getClass() ) ) {
                        for ( Result r : resultList ) {
                            result = method.invoke( result, r.getValue() );
                        }
                    } else {
                        for ( Result r : resultList ) {
                            method.invoke( result, r.getValue() );
                        }
                    }
                } catch ( Exception e ) {
                    throw new RpcException(
                            new StringBuilder( 32 )
                                    .append( "Can not merge result: " )
                                    .append( e.getMessage() ).toString(),
                            e );
                }
            } else {
                throw new RpcException(
                        new StringBuilder( 32 )
                                .append( "Can not merge result because missing method [ " )
                                .append( merger )
                                .append( " ] in class [ " )
                                .append( returnType.getClass().getName() )
                                .append( " ]" )
                                .toString() );
            }
        } else {
            //M4处
            Merger resultMerger;
            if (ConfigUtils.isDefault(merger)) {
                resultMerger = MergerFactory.getMerger(returnType);
            } else {
                resultMerger = ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(Merger.class).getExtension(merger);
            }
            if (resultMerger != null) {
                List<Object> rets = new ArrayList<Object>(resultList.size());
                for(Result r : resultList) {
                    rets.add(r.getValue());
                }
                //M5处
                result = resultMerger.merge(
                        rets.toArray((Object[])Array.newInstance(returnType, 0)));
            } else {
                throw new RpcException( "There is no merger to merge result." );
            }
        }
        return new RpcResult( result );
    }

虽然reference引用标签配置了group属性，但如果调用的方法配置不使用group属性，则也会退化为只调用一个提供者的，即源码“M1处”；
MergeableCluster用多线程分别调用多个分组里的提供者，即源码“M2处”，并将分组的返回结果聚合起来“M3处”，在“M4处”，如果没有配置聚合器，则使用dubbo默认的聚合器，否则，“M5处”，会使用用户配置的聚合器合并结果返回，自己定义的聚合器，实现Merger接口即可。

package com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.cluster;
public interface Merger<T> {
    T merge(T... items);
}

并在META-INF/dubbo/internal目录下配置com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.cluster.Merger自己的聚合器，配置跟dubbo的过滤器类似，比如:

#com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.cluster.Merger分组聚合结果扩展
myMerger = xx.xx.MyMerger

自己写了个RPC:

https://github.com/nytta

可以给个star,^0^.