在开发过程中常用到选择图片,文件的功能。打开文件选择器选择文件之后返回的可能并不是文件路径,而是content://开头的Uri,这时如果要访问这个文件就需要把Uri转为绝对路径。
public class FileUtil {
/**
* 根据Uri获取图片绝对路径
* @param context context
* @param uri uri
*/
public static String getFileAbsolutePath(Context context, Uri uri) {
if (context == null || uri == null) return null;
// DocumentProvider
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final String[] split = docId.split(":");
final String type = split[0];
if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
}else if ("home".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/documents/" + split[1];
}
} else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {
// DownloadsProvider
final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(id)) {
return null;
}
if (id.startsWith("raw:")) {
return id.substring(4);
}
String[] contentUriPrefixesToTry = new String[]{
"content://downloads/public_downloads",
"content://downloads/my_downloads",
"content://downloads/all_downloads"
};
for (String contentUriPrefix : contentUriPrefixesToTry) {
try {
Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse(contentUriPrefix), Long.valueOf(id));
String path = getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
if (path != null) {
return path;
}
} catch (Exception ignore) {
}
}
try {
String path = getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);
if (path != null) {
return path;
}
} catch (Exception ignore) {
}
// path could not be retrieved using ContentResolver, therefore copy file to accessible cache using streams
return null;
} else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
// MediaProvider
final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final String[] split = docId.split(":");
final String type = split[0];
Uri contentUri;
switch (type.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH)) {
case "image":
contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
break;
case "video":
contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
break;
case "audio":
contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
break;
default:
contentUri = MediaStore.Files.getContentUri("external");
break;
}
final String selection = MediaStore.MediaColumns._ID +"=?";
final String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{split[1]};
return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
}
} else if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
// MediaStore (and general)
// Return the remote address
if (isGooglePhotosUri(uri)) {
return uri.getLastPathSegment();
}
return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);
} else if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE.equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
// File
return uri.getPath();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 通过游标获取当前文件路径
* @param context context
* @param uri uri
* @param selection selection
* @param selectionArgs selectionArgs
* @return 路径,未找到返回null
*/
public static String getDataColumn(Context context, @NonNull Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
Cursor cursor = null;
String column = MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA;
String[] projection = {column};
try {
cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null);
if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
int index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
return cursor.getString(index);
}
} catch (Exception ignore) {
} finally {
if (cursor != null)
cursor.close();
}
return null;
}
public static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
public static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
public static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
public static boolean isGooglePhotosUri(Uri uri) {
return "com.google.android.apps.photos.content".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
}
需要注意的是,不要忘记添加文件读权限并添加动态请求权限;如果修改下载文件夹下的文件,需要添加权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_DOWNLOAD_MANAGER" />