【Linux】ubuntu安装ssh服务端openssh-server

1、背景

ubuntu安装后默认只有ssh客户端，只能去连其它ssh服务器；
其它客户端想要连接这个ubuntu系统，需要安装部署ssh服务端！

Secure Shell（SSH）是一种加密网络协议，用于在不安全的网络上安全地运行网络服务。
利用SSH可以实现加密并安全地远程登录计算机系统。

2、解决办法

安装命令如下：

sudo apt install openssh-server

详细安装日志：

yus@jn10010537:~/Test$ sudo apt install openssh-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  ncurses-term openssh-sftp-server ssh-import-id
Suggested packages:
  molly-guard monkeysphere rssh ssh-askpass
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  ncurses-term openssh-server openssh-sftp-server ssh-import-id
0 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 10 not upgraded.
Need to get 637 kB of archives.
After this operation, 5,316 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 ncurses-term all 6.1-1ubuntu1.18.04 [248 kB]
Get:2 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 openssh-sftp-server amd64 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3 [45.6 kB]
Get:3 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 openssh-server amd64 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3 [333 kB]
Get:4 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 ssh-import-id all 5.7-0ubuntu1.1 [10.9 kB]
Fetched 637 kB in 1s (458 kB/s)           
Preconfiguring packages ...
Selecting previously unselected package ncurses-term.
(Reading database ... 190012 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../ncurses-term_6.1-1ubuntu1.18.04_all.deb ...
Unpacking ncurses-term (6.1-1ubuntu1.18.04) ...
Selecting previously unselected package openssh-sftp-server.
Preparing to unpack .../openssh-sftp-server_1%3a7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking openssh-sftp-server (1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package openssh-server.
Preparing to unpack .../openssh-server_1%3a7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking openssh-server (1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ssh-import-id.
Preparing to unpack .../ssh-import-id_5.7-0ubuntu1.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking ssh-import-id (5.7-0ubuntu1.1) ...
Setting up ncurses-term (6.1-1ubuntu1.18.04) ...
Setting up openssh-sftp-server (1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3) ...
Setting up ssh-import-id (5.7-0ubuntu1.1) ...
Setting up openssh-server (1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3) ...

Creating config file /etc/ssh/sshd_config with new version
Creating SSH2 RSA key; this may take some time ...
2048 SHA256:UVU9dG8lhh4sAvp68p7I/V2I3VEkQcqLJopXcgbqARw root@ts006-MS-7A94 (RSA)
Creating SSH2 ECDSA key; this may take some time ...
256 SHA256:Nh0RpvlORi2IRD5r6T/SHEZFfcJRlkKIJxRZ4kgu3pc root@ts006-MS-7A94 (ECDSA)
Creating SSH2 ED25519 key; this may take some time ...
256 SHA256:NbjnEQNRR8UHfUyt1Wl+PrfMkHev6y3PxeunU+cQhJQ root@ts006-MS-7A94 (ED25519)
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sshd.service → /lib/systemd/system/ssh.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/ssh.service → /lib/systemd/system/ssh.service.
Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ...
Processing triggers for ufw (0.36-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-21) ...
ureadahead will be reprofiled on next reboot
Processing triggers for systemd (237-3ubuntu10.39) ...

yus@jn10010537:~/Test$ sudo ifconfig
[sudo] password for yus:
eno1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.1.104  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255
        inet6 fe80::a11d:bb94:cfa3:1f2f  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:d8:61:18:0d:95  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 5268399  bytes 4657862121 (4.6 GB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 24091941  bytes 23694574458 (23.6 GB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
        device interrupt 16  memory 0x92f00000-92f20000  

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 2934074  bytes 23413782285 (23.4 GB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 2934074  bytes 23413782285 (23.4 GB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

yus@jn10010537:~/Test$

3、测试

在windows下安装git,通过git Bash进行ssh安全通信。
注意：windows10机器与ubuntu机器是同一网段，即192.168.1.x ！

如下表示连接成功 ！

Administrator@PJ9NM MINGW64 ~
$ ssh yus@192.168.1.104
yus@192.168.1.104's password:
Welcome to Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS (GNU/Linux 5.3.0-51-generic x86_64)
* Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com
* Management:     https://landscape.canonical.com
* Support:        https://ubuntu.com/advantage
* Canonical Livepatch is available for installation.
   - Reduce system reboots and improve kernel security. Activate at:
     https://ubuntu.com/livepatch
11 packages can be updated.
0 updates are security updates.
Your Hardware Enablement Stack (HWE) is supported until April 2023.
The programs included with the Ubuntu system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.
Ubuntu comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by
applicable law.
yus@jn10010537:~$