U盘安装CentOS6.4(64位)

最新推荐文章于 2021-04-07 16:13:51 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-04-07 16:13:51 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/jon_wd/article/details/9497099

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因服务器没有光驱，所以研究了一下用U盘装CentOS6.4系统。

参考了以下文章：

1、制作CentOS 6.4 U盘启动安装盘

2、通过U盘安装CentOS6.0

文章一有图，写的比较适合新手，但是在做syslinux时有问题，反正我照做了没好用，新手有不明白的可以看看

文章二写的简单一点，也是在写到syslinux时有点小问题，不过照做好用。

我照第一篇文章一步步做下来，到用U盘启动时，不好用，提示找不到系统，看了第二篇文章，才知道问题出在syslinux这一步上；

第二篇文件中的两个问题，我只遇到了第二个问题，安装时报错： missing iso 9660 image ，如文章中所说把images目录放在第二分区，第一分区里不能有images目录，否则就会报这个错误。

另外，我下载了CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso和CentOS-6.4-x86_64-LiveDVD.iso两个版本，网上说还有用UltraISO作启动文件的，反正两个版本我都没有试验成功，而按本文制作方法，只有bin版制作成功，而live版没有images目录，所以不知道该怎么作。

下面是我实际操作的步骤：

我所有操作都是用root用户操作的

1、#fdisk -l或者ll /dev/sd*查看u盘盘符，我的盘符是sdb，如有分区的话，可能下面会有sdb1,sdb2....

2、#umount /dev/sdb 卸载U盘，好做分区

3、为U盘分区(从第一篇文章里拷过来的)

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): d

Selected partition 4

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 15.5 GB, 15479597056 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1881 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0xcad4ebea

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-1881, default 1):

Using default value 1

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-1881, default 1881): +250M

Command (m for help): t

Selected partition 1

Hex code (type L to list codes): l

0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris

1 FAT12 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

2 XENIX root 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

3 XENIX usr 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

4 FAT16 <32M 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx

5 Extended 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data

6 FAT16 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .

7 HPFS/NTFS 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility

8 AIX 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt

9 AIX bootable 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access

a OS/2 Boot Manag 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O

b W95 FAT32 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor

c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs

e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ee GPT

f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/

10 OPUS 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b

11 Hidden FAT12 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor

12 Compaq diagnost 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor

14 Hidden FAT16 <3 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary

16 Hidden FAT16 64 Novell Netware af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS

17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 65 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE

18 AST SmartSleep 70 DiskSecure Mult b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto

1b Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep

1c Hidden W95 FAT3 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot ff BBT

1e Hidden W95 FAT1

Hex code (type L to list codes): b

Changed system type of partition 1 to b (W95 FAT32)

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

Partition number (1-4): 2

First cylinder (34-1881, default 34):

Using default value 34

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (34-1881, default 1881):

Using default value 1881

Command (m for help): t

Partition number (1-4): 2

Hex code (type L to list codes): 83

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 15.5 GB, 15479597056 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1881 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0xcad4ebea

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 33 265041 b W95 FAT32

/dev/sdb2 34 1881 14844060 83 Linux

Command (m for help): a

Partition number (1-4): 1

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 15.5 GB, 15479597056 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1881 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0xcad4ebea

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 * 1 33 265041 b W95 FAT32

/dev/sdb2 34 1881 14844060 83 Linux

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.

The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at

the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)

WARNING: If you have created or modified any DOS 6.x

partitions, please see the fdisk manual page for additional

information.

Syncing disks.

[root@localhost ~]#

4、格式化分区
     #mkfs.msdos /dev/sdb1   或者mksf.vfat /dev/sdb1
     #mkfs.ext2 /dev/sdb2
不能格式化，就umount你的u盘

5、挂载ISO及USB
    在/mnt下创建iso、boot、data文件夹
    #mkdir /mnt/iso
    #mount -o -loop /mnt/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso /mnt/iso    路径自己改
    #mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/boot
    #mount /dev/sdb2 /mnt/data

6、将/mnt/iso内的isolinux拷贝到/mnt/boot/下

#cp /mnt/iso/isolinux /mut/boot/

将/mnt/boot下的isolinux目录改名为syslinux
#mv /mnt/boot/isolinux /mnt/boot/syslinux

将/mnt/boot/syslinux目录下的isolinux.cfg改名为syslinux.cfg
#mv /mnt/boot/syslinux/isolinux.cfg /mnt/boot/syslinux/syslinux.cfg

将镜像文件拷贝到sdb2
#cp -a /mnt/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso /mnt/data/

    将ISO里的images拷贝到sdb2
    #cp -a /mnt/iso/images /mnt/data/
   要放到分区根目录下，与CentOS镜像文件一起

7、用syslinux做启动文件

在linux下：

#syslinux /dev/sdb1

在windows下：

u盘盘符：syslinux.exe –m -a -s u盘盘符：

希望对你有帮助