主键约束 primary key
not null
check
unique 唯一约束
create table student( --学生表
xh number(4) constraint pk_stu primary key, --学号主键
xm varchar2(10) constraint nn_stu not null, --姓名不能为空
sex char(2) constraint ck_stu_sex check (sex in ('男','女')), --性别
birthday date constraint uq_bir unique, --日期
sal number(7,2) constraint ck_sal check (sal between 500 and 1000)--奖学金 sal >=500 and sal <=1000
);
<2>建立约束的同时给约束指定名字,便于删除
create table cla( --班级表
id number(2) constraint pk_cla primary key, --班级编号
cname varchar2(20) constraint nn_cla not null --班级名字
);
create table stu( --学生表
xh number(4) constraint pk_stu primary key, --学号是主键
xm varchar2(20) constraint nn_stu not null, --姓名非空
age number(2) constraint ck_stu check (age between 10 and 90),--年龄在10到90之间(10<= age <=90 )
birthday date,
shenfenzheng number(18) constraint uq_stu unique, --身份证唯一
classid number(2) constraint fk_stu references cla(id) -- 班级编号外键
--(引用的一定是另外表的主键或唯一性约束的字段)
);
3)建完表后加约束
加约束
加主键
alter table student add constraint pk_stu
primary key (xh);
加非空
alter table student modify (xm not null);
检查约束
alter table student add check(sex in ('男','女'));
alter table student add constraint ck_sal check(sal between 500 and 1000));
添加 主键
alter table cla add constraint pk_cla
primary key (id);
加 not null
alter table cla modify
(cname not null);
学生表student:
create table student(
xh number(4) ,
xm varchar2(20) ,
age number(2),
birthday date,
shenfenzheng number(18),
classid number(2) references cla(id)
);
加外键约束
alter table student add constraint fk_stu
foreign key (classid) references cla(id);
加主键
alter table student add constraint pk_stu
primary key (xh);
加not null
alter table student modify(xm not null);
加检查约束
alter table student add constraint cc_age
check (age >= 10 and age <=90);
加唯一约束
alter table student add constraint
uq_sfz unique(shenfenzheng);
加外键约束
alter table student add constraint
fk_stu foreign key (classid)
references cla(id);
建表并修改表约束
最新推荐文章于 2021-10-29 20:11:21 发布